Genetics: Analysis and Principles
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259616020
Author: Robert J. Brooker Professor Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 27, Problem 13CONQ
Summary Introduction
To review:
The intuitive definition of mean fitness of a population and change of its value in response to natural selection
Introduction:
The ability of an organism to survive as well as reproduce measures the fitness of that organism. The measure of fitness determines the size of the genetic contribution to the next generation. The evolutionary fitness of an organism is determined by natural selection theory.
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Students have asked these similar questions
What is the intuitive meaning of the mean fitness of a population? How does its value change in response to natural selection?
Which type of selection (directional, disruptive, stabilizing) changes the overall average
phenotype in a population? How does it do this?
What does "additive” mean? Why aren't dominant and epistatic variances considered to
be additive?
The absolute fitnesses of the three genotypes in a two-allele system are given as follows:
Genotype Absolute Fitness
AA
0.08654
Aa
0.32143
aa
0.01662
What is the strength of selection against (i.e., the selection coefficient of) the Aa genotype?
(Numerical answer; please do you all your work with at least 5 digits of precision)
Chapter 27 Solutions
Genetics: Analysis and Principles
Ch. 27.1 - A gene pool is a. all of the genes in a single...Ch. 27.1 - 2. In natural populations, most genes...Ch. 27.1 - A gene exists in two alleles designatedDandd. If...Ch. 27.1 - Prob. 4COMQCh. 27.2 - Which of the following is a factor that, by...Ch. 27.3 - 1. Darwinian fitness is a measure...Ch. 27.3 - 2. Within a particular population, darkly colored...Ch. 27.3 - 3. A population occupies heterogeneous...Ch. 27.3 - Prob. 4COMQCh. 27.4 - 1. Genetic drift is
a. a change in allele...
Ch. 27.4 - 2. Which of the following influences on genetic...Ch. 27.5 - Gene flow depends on a. migration. b. the ability...Ch. 27.6 - 1. Inbreeding is sexual reproduction between...Ch. 27.7 - The mutation rate is a. the likelihood that a new...Ch. 27.7 - 2. The transfer of an antibiotic resistance gene...Ch. 27.7 - Prob. 3COMQCh. 27 - 1. What is the gene pool? How is a gene pool...Ch. 27 - Prob. 2CONQCh. 27 - Prob. 3CONQCh. 27 - Prob. 4CONQCh. 27 - The termpolymorphismcan refer to both genes and...Ch. 27 - Prob. 6CONQCh. 27 - For a gene existing in two alleles, what are the...Ch. 27 - 8. In a population, the frequencies of two...Ch. 27 - The ability to roll your tongue is inherited as a...Ch. 27 - What evolutionary factors can cause allele...Ch. 27 - What is the difference between a neutral and an...Ch. 27 - Prob. 12CONQCh. 27 - Prob. 13CONQCh. 27 - Describe the similarities and differences among...Ch. 27 - 15. Is each of the following examples due to...Ch. 27 - Prob. 16CONQCh. 27 - Prob. 17CONQCh. 27 - 18. A group of four birds flies to a new location...Ch. 27 - 19. Describe what happens to allele frequencies as...Ch. 27 - With regard to genetic drift, are the following...Ch. 27 - When two populations frequently intermix due to...Ch. 27 - Two populations of antelope are separated by a...Ch. 27 - Prob. 23CONQCh. 27 - 24. Using the pedigree shown here, answer the...Ch. 27 - A family pedigree is shown here. A. What is the...Ch. 27 - 26. A family pedigree is shown here.
A. What is...Ch. 27 - Prob. 27CONQCh. 27 - Prob. 28CONQCh. 27 - 1. You will need to be familiar with the...Ch. 27 - You will need to refer to question 2 in More...Ch. 27 - Prob. 3EQCh. 27 - Prob. 4EQCh. 27 - You will need to refer to question 2 in More...Ch. 27 - Prob. 6EQCh. 27 - Prob. 7EQCh. 27 - In the Grants study of the medium ground finch, do...Ch. 27 - 9. A recessive lethal allele has achieved a...Ch. 27 - Among a large population of 2 million gray...Ch. 27 - In a donor population, the allele frequencies for...Ch. 27 - Prob. 12EQCh. 27 - Prob. 13EQCh. 27 - Prob. 14EQCh. 27 - 15. What would you expect to be the minimum...Ch. 27 - Discuss examples of positive and negative...Ch. 27 - Discuss the role of mutation in the origin of...Ch. 27 - Prob. 3QSDC
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- If gene A/a is not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium due to natural selection such that individuals with the genotype AA have a fitness value of 1.0, heterozygotes have only slightly reduced fitness at 0.9, and individuals with the genotype aa have a fitness value of 0.6, what kind of change in allele frequency would you expect to see over time assuming you start with equal frequencies of the 2 alleles?arrow_forwardWhat is the ultimate cause of variation in populations?arrow_forwardIn monkeys, black coat color (B) is dominant over brown color (b). A population of monkeys was found to be composed of 67 brown coated individuals and 119 black coated individuals. What is the frequency of the b allele in this population? What is the frequency of the B allele in this population? Based upon the Hardy‑Weinberg formula, what proportion of the population is expected to have the genotype BB? Based upon the Hardy‑Weinberg formula, what proportion of the population is expected to bave black coat color? Based upon the Hardy‑Weinberg formula, how many individuals in this population would be expected to have the genotype Bb?arrow_forward
- If 120 of 200 alleles are dominant alleles, then what percentage of the alleles are dominant alleles? A-12% B-40% C-60% D-120% What percentage of the alleles are recessive alleles? E-8% F-40% G-60% H-80% Which of the terms of the Hardy-Weinberg equations represents the frequency of the recessive allele in the gene pool? A-p^2 B-p C-2pq D-q^2arrow_forwardWe have learned that the response to selection is equal to the selection differential times the narrow-sense heritability, and that the narrowsense heritability includes only the additive genetic variance. Why aren’t the dominance genetic variance and the gene interaction variance included? Why don’t they contribute to the genetic variation that is acted on by selection?arrow_forwardAssume that the frequency of gene B in a hypothetical population Is 0.63, that there are only two alleles (B and b) of the gee in the population, that allele B is dominant over allele b, that neither allele has a selective advantage over the other, and that the population is at equilibrium with regard to this particular gene. And how many individuals in this population are expected to be of genotype BB according to the Hardy-Weinberg formula? (Assume that the total population size is 150) 71 52 118 60 131arrow_forward
- At least one of the discoverers of this genetic equilibrium (Hardy) developed this HW equation to show that the dominant allele will not always take over the population just because that allele has a dominant effect on the phenotype. What additional factor would have to be present to cause a dominant allele to increase to a frequency of 100%? Why is this factor essential for the dominant allele to “take over” the gene pool?arrow_forwardThe genetic composition of a population is 40 homozygous dominant (RR), 360 heterozygotes (Rr) and 600 homozygous recessive (rr). What is the observed frequency of the homozygous dominant individuals? [ Select] What is the observed frequency of the "r" allele? [ Select ] What is the expected frequency of the heterozygous genotype? [ Select ] If the Chi-squared value for this system is 2.40, is the population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? Why? (note: the critical values for this test is 3.84), [Select ]arrow_forwardIn a population at genetic equilibrium, the frequency of the dominant phenotype is 0.96. What are the frequencies of the dominant (A) and recessive (a) alleles, and what are the expected frequencies of the AA, Aa, and aa genotypes?arrow_forward
- In a system that meets the requirements for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium 75% of individuals exhibit the dominant phenotype for a trait. What percentage of the total population of these organisms will be heterozygotes for that trait?arrow_forwardWhat is meant by the term ‘fitness’ in the sense it is used in Evolutionary theory? Be specific and accurate.arrow_forwardConsider a finite population in which individuals carry two alleles at a particular genetic locus. One of the two alleles is currently at a frequency of 0.42 in the population. If the locus is neutral, such that neither allele confers a fitness advantage, what is the probability that this allele is eventually lost from the population?arrow_forward
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