(a)
Interpretation:
The names of
Concept introduction:
Functional groups are atom or groups of atoms which are responsible for special chemical or physical properties of the molecule. IUPAC purposed a complete list of different functional groups with their prefix and suffix which can be used in the naming of the molecule. Some of the atoms can act as functional group such as −Cl, -F, -Br etc whereas some of them are groups of atoms like −NH2, -NO2, -OH etc.
(b)
Interpretation:
Identify the hybridization of
Concept introduction:
Hybridization is the process of mixing of atomic orbitals to form same energy and same shape hybrid orbitals which form covalent bond with overlapping of atomic orbitals of other atoms. The number of
(c)
Interpretation:
Identify the chiral C atoms in ephedrine.
Concept introduction:
A chiral carbon atom is the carbon atom which is bonded with four different atoms or group of atoms. The presence of chiral carbon atom makes that molecule optically active so it can rotate the plane polarized light either clockwise or anti-clockwise. Such molecules are called as optically active molecule and two different configuration of same molecule are called as enantiomers. They are non-superimposable mirror images of each other.
(d)
Interpretation:
Calculate the pKb value for ephedrine with the help of given information.
Concept introduction:
Ephedrine is a weak base which is mainly used as a center nervous system stimulant. Since it acts as a weak base therefore it gives OH- ions in its aqueous solution.
The base dissociation constant
The relation between
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 26 Solutions
General Chemistry: Principles and Modern Applications (11th Edition)
- A chemical breathalyzer test works because ethanol in the breath is oxidized by the dichromate ion (orange) to form acetic acid and chromium(III) ion (green). The balanced reaction is 3C2H5OH(aq)+2Cr2O72(aq)+2H+(aq)3HC2H3O2(aq)+4Cr3+(aq)+11H2O(l)You analyze a breathalyzer test in which 4.2 mg K2Cr2O7 was reduced. Assuming the volume of the breath was 0.500 L at 30.C and 750. mm Hg, what was the mole percent alcohol of the breath?arrow_forward77. Lactc id (CH CHOHCOOH) can exnibt 1. functional group isonierism 2 position isomerism 3. oplical isomerism 78. Esters 1. are prepared by reffuxing alcohols with acid anhydride 2 of long chain carboxylic acids undergo alkali hydrolysis to form soap. 3. react with ammonia to form aminesarrow_forward1. What functional group is produced when an aldehyde reacts with H2/Pt? A.secondary alcohol B. carboxylic acid C.hemiacetal D. primary alcohol E.alkane F.tertiary alcohol G. alkene 2. What reaction occurs when an aldehyde reacts with H2/Pt to form a primary alcohol? A. Hydration B. Hydration C. Dehydration D. Oxidation E. Reduction( hydrogentation) 3. What reaction occurs when an Ester react with H+/H2O to from a carboxylic acid and alcohol? A. Dehydration B. Reduction ( Hydrogenation) C.Hydrolysis D. Hydration E.oxidationarrow_forward
- D3C O O O D3C optically active D3CI cat. H₂SO4, H₂O optically active 1.) cat. H₂SO4, H₂O 2.) NaBH4, EtOH HCI, Zn-Hg, H₂0 A, KOH, NH2NH2arrow_forward26. Select the answer that best expresses the relationship between these two molecules: OH A. constitutional isomers B. conformers C. cis-trans isomers D. functional group isomers E. one is the oxidation product of the other 27. Select the answer that best expresses the relationship between these two molecules: کوال محمد 1 CI constitutional isomers 2 CI A. B. conformers C. cis-trans isomers, where 1=cis and 2=trans D. cis-trans isomers, where 1=trans and 2=cis E. functional group isomersarrow_forwardIt is a component of nylon 66. a. Phthalic acid b. Lauric acid O c. Benzoic acid d. Adipic acid e. Ethanoic acid Primary amine can be prepared by a. Reacting an alkyl halide with sodium azide. b. Reacting an amide with water under heat. O c. Reacting alkyl halide with NaCN followed by LiAlH4 in ether, then with water. O d. Reacting carboxylic acid with R-NH2 and NaBH4. Which of the following will give a positive reaction with Tollen's reagent? a. All of the above b. Butanone O c. 3-pentanone Od. Pentanal O e. Butanalarrow_forward
- 1. An amine is characterized by what functional group? a. -CO2CH3 b. -NH2 d. -CHO e. -OH c. -CO2H 2. Which of the follow ing is an akohol? a. NaOH d. CH CH 20OH b. H3CNH2 c. H3C-C-CH3 с. 3. When two alcohols undergo a self condensation, what is formed? a. liquid alcohol b. a ketone d. an aklehyde an ether e. с. an esterarrow_forward24. What is the major product of the following reaction? o A. I B. II C. III D. IV 1. H- 2. H₂O OH ...OH OH + enantiomer III IV OHarrow_forwardwhich has the greatest acidity? a. 2-hexanol b. valeric acid c. naphtol d. ethyl propionate which produces effervescence when dissolved in 10% sodium bicarbonate? a. 2-hexanol b. valeric acid c. napththol d. ethyl propionatearrow_forward
- The compound para-dichlorobenzene is the active ingredient of the bathroom deodorizer "Albatross". How many distinct products are possible for the reaction of para-dichlorobenzene with 1 equivalent of HNO3 in H2SO4? a. 3 b. 2 c. 1 d. 4 e. 5arrow_forwardD. Ethene 73. The reagent KMN04 is used to completely oxidize acetylene. What is an expected property of the last oxidized form of acetylene? A. It will be soluble in hexane. B. It will exhibit acidic properties. C. It will form precipitate with NaCl. D. It will ionize into carbon and hydrogen. 74. As the molecular weight of alkenes increases, the boiling points also increase. Which of the following factors is best associated to this trend? A. Geometric isomerism B. Surface area C. Dipole interaction D. Structural isomerism 75. Which among the following compounds has the most electronegative carbon in its structure? A. Butyne B. Benzene C. Cyclobutane D. Benzaldehyde 76. Identify the SYSTEMATIC name of the molecule that is illustrated in this item, A. 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene B. 2-methyl-1,3,5-nitrobenzene C. 1-methyl-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene D. 1,3,5-trinitrotoluene CH3 NO2 O2N NO2 77 Identify the SYSTEMATIC name of the molecule that is illustrated in this item. A 1-methylbenzenesulfonic…arrow_forward1. What is formed when a halogen molecule replaces hydrogen molecule(s) in an aromatic hydrocarbon? 2. What is formed when hydrogen molecules are replaced in an aliphatic hydrocarbon by halogen molecules? 3. What are a class of chemical compounds containing a hydroxyl group (-OH) bonded directly to an aromatic hydrocarbon group (like benzene)? 4. used to test for the presence of aromatic compounds in alcohols? 5. The dehydration of alcohols in the formation of ethers happens at _________.arrow_forward
- Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage Learning
- Chemistry: An Atoms First ApproachChemistryISBN:9781305079243Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. ZumdahlPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781337399074Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781133949640Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage Learning