Genetics: Analysis and Principles
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259616020
Author: Robert J. Brooker Professor Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 23, Problem 7EQ
A researcher is interested in a gene found on human chromosome 21. Describe the expected results of a FISH experiment using a probe that is complementary to this gene. How many spots would you see if the probe was used on a sample from an individual with 46 chromosomes versus an individual with Down syndrome?
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The technique of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is described. This is another method for examining sequence complexity within a genome. In this method, a DNA sequence, such as a particular gene sequence, can be detected within an intact chromosome by using a DNA probe that is complementary to the sequence.For example, let’s consider the β-globin gene, which isfound on human chromosome 11. A probe complementary to theβ-globin gene binds to that gene and shows up as a brightly colored spot on human chromosome 11. In this way, researchers can detectwhere the β-globin gene is located within a set of chromosomes. Becausethe β-globin gene is unique and because human cells are diploid(i.e., have two copies of each chromosome), a FISH experimentshows two bright spots per cell; the probe binds to each copy ofchromosome 11. What would you expect to see if you used thefollowing types of probes?A. A probe complementary to the Alu sequenceB. A probe complementary to a tandem array near…
Explain how DNA probes with different fluorescence emissionwavelengths can be used in a single FISH experiment to map thelocations of two or more genes. This method is called chromosomepainting. Explain why this is an appropriate term.
The figure shown describes the technique of FISH. Why is it necessaryto fix the cells (and the chromosomes inside of them) to the slides?What does it mean to fix them? Why is it necessary to denature thechromosomal DNA?
Chapter 23 Solutions
Genetics: Analysis and Principles
Ch. 23.1 - Prob. 1COMQCh. 23.2 - Prob. 1COMQCh. 23.3 - A molecular marker is a _____ found at a specific...Ch. 23.3 - 2. Which of the following is an example of a...Ch. 23.3 - To map the distance between molecular markers via...Ch. 23.4 - 1. What is a contig?
a. A fragment of DNA that...Ch. 23.4 - A vector that can carry a large fragment of...Ch. 23.4 - 3. Chromosomal walking is a method of _____ in...Ch. 23.5 - Prob. 1COMQCh. 23.5 - Prob. 2COMQ
Ch. 23.5 - 3. A prokaryotic genome is about 4 million bp in...Ch. 23.6 - Metagenomics is aimed at a. determining the...Ch. 23 - 1. A person with a rare genetic disease has a...Ch. 23 - For each of the following, decide if it could be...Ch. 23 - Which of the following statements about molecular...Ch. 23 - 1. Is each of the following a method used in...Ch. 23 - Prob. 2EQCh. 23 - Prob. 3EQCh. 23 - The cells from a persons malignant tumor were...Ch. 23 - 5. Figure 23.2 describes the technique of FISH....Ch. 23 - Explain how DNA probes with different fluorescence...Ch. 23 - 7. A researcher is interested in a gene found on...Ch. 23 - Prob. 8EQCh. 23 - Prob. 9EQCh. 23 - Prob. 10EQCh. 23 - Prob. 11EQCh. 23 - Prob. 12EQCh. 23 - In the Human Genome Project, researchers have...Ch. 23 - 14. Take a look at question 3 in More Genetic...Ch. 23 - 15. Place the following stages of a physical...Ch. 23 - 16. What is an STS? How are STSs generated...Ch. 23 - 17. Four cosmid clones, which we will call cosmids...Ch. 23 - A human gene, which we will call geneX, is located...Ch. 23 - 19. Describe how you would clone a gene by...Ch. 23 - 20. A bacterium has a genome size of 4.4 Mb. If a...Ch. 23 - 21. Discuss the advantages of next-generation...Ch. 23 - Prob. 22EQCh. 23 - Prob. 23EQCh. 23 - What is a molecular marker? Give two examples....Ch. 23 - Which goals of the Human Genome Project do you...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Using a laser beam, you isolated several R bands from human chromosomes. Answer the following questions What kinds of genes are present in R bands? Which isochors do you expect to be present in the R band? What class of interspersed repeats will be present in R bands? What class of tandem repeats do you expect to find in RG bands? Would you expect to find telomere sequences in some R bands?arrow_forwardA researcher is interested in a gene found on human chromosome21. Describe the expected results of a FISH experiment using aprobe that is complementary to this gene. How many spots wouldyou see if the probe was used on a sample from an individual with46 chromosomes versus an individual with Down syndrome?arrow_forwardWhat is a fluorophore? If you wanted to fluorescently label a brain cell, describe one way you could genetically label a brain cell using a transgenic approach and give one way you could genetically label a brain cell using a gene targeting homologous recombination approach.arrow_forward
- A person with a rare genetic disease has a sample of her chromosomessubjected to in situ hybridization using a probe that is known to recognize band p11 on chromosome 7. Even though her chromosomes look cytologically normal, the probe does not bind to this person’s chromosomes. How would you explain these results? How would you use this information to positionally clone the gene that is related to this disease?arrow_forwardYou have discovered an altered phenotype and cloned the gene responsible. However, the gene you cloned appears to have an unusual sequence in it. In order to determine the chromosomal location of your new gene, you perform FISH, using only the unusual sequence, on several animals. To your surprise, the FISH results suggest that each animal contains the gene on a different chromosome. How would you interpret your results?arrow_forwardEach of the following describes a distinctive step in a genomic technology or an experimental design. Match the term for each description. An experimental design that looks at the offspring resulting from an F2 cross, where the parental generation have different phenotypes. Then, look for correlation between offspring phenotype and genotype. The intensity of fluorescence in each spot indicates the level of gene expression. Only one fluorescent nucleotide is added, which is complementary to the position of a known SNP. Familial Design [Choose ] RNA microarray GWAS Familial Design Quantitative Genetics Genomic resequencing RNA sequencing DNA microarray Genomic resequencing <arrow_forward
- The temperature at which the primers and target DNA hybridize may be changed to influence the stringency of PCR amplification. What effect will changing the hybridization temperature have on the amplification? Let's say you have a certain yeast gene A and want to check whether it has a human equivalent. How might managing the hybridization's rigor benefit you?arrow_forwardDo all of them True/False 31) The process by which an electrical charge is used to introduce DNA into a cell to produce a transgenic organism is called electroporation.Answer: 32) Reproductive cloning is used to produce large amounts of mammalian proteins from transgenic agricultural animals such as cattle.Answer: 33) In gene addition, homologous recombination is used to remove the original gene and replace it with the cloned gene.Answer: 34) All stem cells have the potential to differentiateAnswer: 35) A bone marrow transplant involves the transfer of multipotent stem cellsAnswer: 36) The fact that in mammalian systems multiple genes may compensate for the loss of a gene is called gene redundancy.Answer:arrow_forwardIt is possible to take the DNA of a gene from any source and place it on a chromosome in the nucleus of a yeast cell. When you take DNA of a human gene and put it into a yeast cell chromosome, the yeast cell can synthesize the human protein. However, when you remove the DNA for a gene normally present on yeast mitochondrial chromosomes and put it on a yeast chromosome in the nucleus, the yeast cell cannot synthesize the correct protein, even though the gene comes from the same organism. Explain. What would you need to do to ensure that such a yeast cell could make the correct protein?arrow_forward
- What is inverse PCR? How are we going to use inverse PCR to help figure out the molecular location of the EP element on Drosophila melanogaster flies?arrow_forwardSelect all that would be true if I had a nonsense mutation in an exon of a gene: The nonsense mutant allele would be the same size as wildtype by PCR-electrophoresis The nonsense mutant protein would be the same size by Western as the wildtype protein The nonsense mutant allele would be a different size compared to wildtype by PCR- electrophoresis The nonsense mutant protein would be a different size by Western compared to the wildtype proteinarrow_forwardDNA sequencing can help us to identify mutations withingenes. The following data are derived from an experimentin which a normal gene and a mutant gene have been sequenced:arrow_forward
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