Chapter 20, Problem 18A

Summary Introduction

Introduction :

Fungi are classified by their structure and patterns of reproduction. Some fungi only can reproduce asexually through mitosis. Asexual reproduction in fungi also includes fragmentation, budding, and spore production. Many fungi can reproduce both asexually and sexually. Sexually reproducing fungi produce spores by the process of meiosis.

Answer to Problem 18A

Correct answer :

The correct answer is option (D) to reproduce

Explanation of Solution

Explanation/justification for the correct answer :

Option (D) to reproduce. The main role of the stolons is to reproduce. Stolon are called horizontal filaments. The linking point between the common bread and the mold forming on bread is known as stolon. So, the correct answer is option (d).

Explanation for incorrect answer :

Option (A) to penetrate the food. Parasitic fungi absorb nutrients from the living cells of another organism, known as host. Many parasitic fungi produce specialized hyphae called haustoria, which grow into the host’s tissues and absorb nutrients. So, this is an incorrect answer.

Option (B) to spread across the surface. Mutualistic fungi live in a mutualistic relationship with another organism, such as a plant or an alga. The mycelia of a particular fungus cover the root of a soyabean plant. So, this is an incorrect answer.

Option (C) to digest the food. Fungi digest their food before they ingest it. Many fungi produce enzymes that break down organic material, allowing the nutrients to be absorbed through their thin cell walls. So, this is an incorrect answer.