Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The structure of D-glucose using dash-wedge notation, after the given indicated rotation has taken place, is to be drawn.
Concept introduction:
Dash-wedge notations are used to represent the three dimensional molecular geometry; a wedge line represents the bond pointing towards the observer whereas a dash line represents the bond pointing away from the observer. The bonds that are in plane are represented by a straight line. A
(b)
Interpretation:
The structure of D-glucose using dash-wedge notation, after the given indicated rotation has taken place, is to be drawn.
Concept introduction:
Dash-wedge notations are used to represent the three dimensional molecular geometry; a wedge line represents the bond pointing towards the observer whereas a dash line represents the bond pointing away from the observer. The straight line represents that the bond is in the plane of paper.
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Organic Chemistry: Principles and Mechanisms (Second Edition)
- The most stable conformation of the pyranose ring of most D-aldohexoses places the largest group, CH2OH, in the equatorial position. An exception to this is the aldohexose D-idose. Draw the two possible chair conformations of either the a or ß anomer of D-idose. Explain why the more stable conformation has the CH2OH group in the axial position.arrow_forwardTrehalose and maltose are both dimers of glucose. However, they have considereably different reactivities. Concisely explain why these differences are observed. но но HO HO но "HO он но он OH O HO OHOH но trehalose maltose 1. Malthose is a reducing sugar while trehalose is not. 2. Trehalose is very resistant to acid hydrolysis while maltose can be acid-hydrolyzed with ease.arrow_forwardIn an aqueous solution, d-glucose exists in equilibrium with two six-membered ring compounds. Draw the structures of these compounds.arrow_forward
- C. Trehalose and isomaltose are both dimers of glucose. However, they have considerably different reactivities. Concisely explain why these differences are observed. HO HO HO HO он HO- OH HO но Но trehalose isomaltose 1. Isomaltose is a reducing sugar while trehalose is not. Isomaltose is a reducing sugar because it contains two glucose units with one glucose unit containing a hemiacetal group that is free, this allows 2. Trehalose is very resistant to acid hydrolysis while isomaltose can be acid-hydrolyzed with ease.arrow_forwardDraw the isomers for each aldotetrose and ketopentose in the figure below and designate each isomer as a D or L sugar and designate also the R and S in every chiral centers. Label the enantiomers and diastereomers respectively. CH,OH C=0 Н—С—ОН Н-С—ОН Н—С—ОН H-C-OH ČH,OH ČH,OHarrow_forwardGlucose and fructose both have the same molecular formula but they different structurally. T or Farrow_forward
- Lactose contains what number of anomeric carbons and what number of glycosidic bonds: CH2OH ОН CH2OH ОН OH OH OHarrow_forwardClassify each of the following sugars. (For example, glucose is an aldohexose.) CH2OH CH2OH C=0 Но H- HO- C=0 H- H- CH2OH HỌ H- но -H Но ČH;OH ČH2OH CH2OHarrow_forward1) Below you are given the structures of the disaccharides lactose and trehalose. он он но он но но OH но но OH но он но но OH Lactose Trehalose a. Identify clearly the hemiacetal and acetal groups in these disaccharides and determine for each of these identified groups if they have a- or B-configuration.arrow_forward
- The most stable conformation of the pyranose ring of most D-aldohexoses places the largest group, CH2OH, in the equatorial position. An exception to this is the aldohexose D-idose. Draw the two possible chair conformations of either the α or β anomer of D-idose. Explain why the more stable conformation has the CH2OH group in the axial position.arrow_forwardDraw the structure of β-D-galactose molecule using (a) Fischer projection, (b) Haworth projection (c) 4C1 chair conformation and (d) 1C4 chair conformation.arrow_forwardClassify the structures as being either an enantiomer, diastereomer or diastereomer/epimer of D-glucose. Structure A: CH H- -OH Structure B: но- H- H- OH Structure C: H- он H- -H D-Glucose: OH || CH CH CH он H- он но -H H- он но он но но- H- но H- OH OH но -- H- -H H -Ç-H Structure A: OH Structure B: OH Structure C: OHarrow_forward