Concepts of Genetics (12th Edition)
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134604718
Author: William S. Klug, Michael R. Cummings, Charlotte A. Spencer, Michael A. Palladino, Darrell Killian
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 18, Problem 5PDQ
Explain how the use of alternative promoters and alternative polyadenylation signals produces mRNAs with different 5′ and 3′ ends.
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Students have asked these similar questions
Describe the similarities and differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic promoter sequences.
Negative supercoiling of DNA favors the transcription of genes because it facilitates unwinding. However, not all promoter sites are stimulated by negative supercoiling. The promoter site for topoisomerase II itself is a noteworthy exception. Negative supercoiling decreases the rate of transcription of this gene. Propose a possible mechanism for this effect and suggest a reason why it may occur.
Consider this list (below) of steps involved in transcription. These steps are out of order.
TRANSCRIPTION:
1. mRNA travels through a nuclear pore and enters the cytoplasm
2. the mRNA polymerase attaches at the start of a specific gene
3. RNA polymerase reads the gene surface4. a transcription factor bonds to a promoter site5. DNA molecule is unwound
6. a complimentary mRNA is produced
What is the correct order of this transcription?
Chapter 18 Solutions
Concepts of Genetics (12th Edition)
Ch. 18 - Some mutations in the tra gene of Drosophila cause...Ch. 18 - Some scientists use the analogy that the...Ch. 18 - Consider the example that actin mRNA localization...Ch. 18 - What is alternative splicing, where does it occur,...Ch. 18 - What role might the expanded tri- and...Ch. 18 - DM1 is characterized by a phenomenon known as...Ch. 18 - HOW DO WE KNOW? In this chapter, we focused on how...Ch. 18 - CONCEPT QUESTION Review the Chapter Concepts list...Ch. 18 - List three types of alternative splicing patterns...Ch. 18 - Consider the CT/CGRP example of alternative...
Ch. 18 - Explain how the use of alternative promoters and...Ch. 18 - Explain how a tissue-specific RNA-binding protein...Ch. 18 - The regulation of mRNA decay relies heavily upon...Ch. 18 - Nonsense-mediated decay is an mRNA surveillance...Ch. 18 - AU-rich elements (AREs) are cis-elements in mRNAs...Ch. 18 - What are processing bodies (P bodies), and what...Ch. 18 - In 1998, future Nobel laureates Andrew Fire and...Ch. 18 - Present an overview of RNA interference (RNAi)....Ch. 18 - RNAi may be directed by small interfering RNAs...Ch. 18 - Prob. 14PDQCh. 18 - In principle, RNAi may be used to fight viral...Ch. 18 - Prob. 16PDQCh. 18 - Prob. 17PDQCh. 18 - Prob. 18PDQCh. 18 - Prob. 19PDQCh. 18 - How is it possible that a given mRNA in a cell is...Ch. 18 - Prob. 21PDQCh. 18 - Prob. 22PDQCh. 18 - Prob. 23PDQCh. 18 - Prob. 24ESPCh. 18 - Prob. 25ESPCh. 18 - Mutations in the low-density lipoprotein receptor...Ch. 18 - RNA helicases are a class of proteins that bind...Ch. 18 - While miRNA response elements (MREs) may be...Ch. 18 - RNAi is currently being tested as a therapeutic...Ch. 18 - The localization and translational control of...Ch. 18 - Explain how the expression of a single gene can be...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Explain how a transcriptional fusion to a reporter gene, combined with site directed mutagenesis, can indicate key nucleotides in a regulatory region. Name one in vitro technique that can be used to further confirm the significance of these regions.arrow_forwardDefine regulatory mutation. Describe how an insertion, deletion, or substituion of a base pair in a promoter might affect the transcription driven by that promoter.arrow_forwardGive examples of structural motifs found in transcription factors that interact with other proteins instead of DNA.arrow_forward
- Explain the process of transcription in prokaryotes, including the following: promoter region, RNA polymerase, 5’-3’ direction, free nucleoside triphosphates, complementary base pairing, terminator region.arrow_forwardWrite a hypothetical sequence of bases that might be found in the first 20 nucleotides of a promoter of a bacterial gene. Include both strands of DNA and identify the 5′ and 3′ ends of both strands. Be sure to include the transcription start site and any consensus sequences found in the promoter.arrow_forwardIdentify the statements that are features of a promoter. In prokaryotes, the promoter contains a −35 and −10 region upstream of the transcription start site. In prokaryotes, the promoter is recognized by general transcription factors (GTF), which recruit the RNA polymerase holoenzyme. In both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, the promoter is located in the 5' direction, upstream from the transcription start site. In eukaryotes, the promoter recruits the preinitiation complex, which includes the TATA-binding protein. In eukaryotes, the promoter attracts the small and large ribosomal subunits with the help of initiation factors.arrow_forward
- Discuss how degeneracy of the genetic code makes cells more robust to mutations.arrow_forwardGive an account of post transcriptional modification of a eukaryotic Mrna?arrow_forwardConsider the Rho-dependent terminator sequence 5’CCCAGCCCGCCUAAUGAGCGGCCUUUUUUUU-3’. What affect would a point mutation at any one of the bolded and underlined nucleotides disrupt termination of transcription? Group of answer choices Mutation in one of these nucleotides would disrupt base pairing, preventing the formation of the hairpin and disrupting termination. Mutation in one of these nucleotides would have no affect on base pairing, so the termination hairpin is formed and termination proceeds. Mutation in one of these nucleotides would not disrupt base pairing, but would prevent the formation of the hairpin and disrupt termination. Mutation in one of these nucleotides would disrupt base pairing, but not affect the formation of the hairpin and termination proceeds.arrow_forward
- How were bacterial promoters first identified? Discuss their placement within the gene and roles in transcription initiation. Further discuss how the holoenzyme engages a promoter.arrow_forwardDoes RNA Polymerase II terminate transcription at the polyadenylation signal? Describe in discrete steps how a polyadenylation signal contributes to the formation of a mature mRNA with a poly A tail of more than 300 nucleotides long How does this poly A tail affect the mature mRNA?arrow_forwardDescribe the methods used to identify the location of transcription control elements in promoter proximal regions of genes.arrow_forward
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