Concepts of Genetics (12th Edition)
Concepts of Genetics (12th Edition)
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134604718
Author: William S. Klug, Michael R. Cummings, Charlotte A. Spencer, Michael A. Palladino, Darrell Killian
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 18, Problem 14PDQ
Summary Introduction

To determine: The explanation for the identification of potential mRNA target for a given miRNA when the sequence of miRNA and all the mRNA in a cell or tissues are known.

Introduction: mRNA (messenger ribonucleic acid) is a large family of a molecule that conveys the genetic information from DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) to ribosomes. The miRNA is the micro RNA which are involved in the regulation of the gene expression by degrading their target mRNAs.

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While miRNA response elements (MREs) may be located anywhere within an mRNA, they are most often found outside the coding region in the 5 or 3 UTR. Explain why this is likely the case given that miRNAs often target more than one mRNA.
What are the differences between miRNA and siRNA? (Select all that apply.) OmiRNAs carry the genetic information from the DNA in the nucleus directly to the cytoplasm, and siRNAs are involved in the degradation of specific mRNA molecules. miRNAs are from 22 to 30 bases long, and siRNAs are 22 bases long. O miRNAs carry the genetic information from the DNA in the nucleus directly to the cytoplasm, and siRNAs help with the processing of the initial mRNA transcribed from DNA into a mature form. miRNAs prevent translation of certain mRNAs, and siRNAs are involved in the degradation of specific mRNA molecules. miRNAs are 20 to 22 bases long, and siRNAs are from 20 to 30 bases long.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, noncoding, single-stranded RNAs approximately 19-25 nucleotides in length that bind to mRNAs. Numerous protein-encoding genes are regulated by miRNAs, including those involved in the immune response. Research has shown that rejection of transplanted organs is associated with alterations in the expression of various genes. To determine whether a link exists between miRNA expression patterns and organ rejection, a team of scientists performed the following set of experiments. Experiment 1 MicroRNA levels were measured in the biopsy specimens of patients with normal transplanted kidneys and patients with kidneys that showed histologic features of acute rejection (AR). MicroRNA sequences are shown in Table 1. Table 1 Normalized miRNA levels miRNA Sequence miR-142-5p 5'-CAUAAAGUAGAAAGCACUACU-3' miR-155 5'-UUAAUGCUAAUCGUGAUAGGGGU-3' Nucleotide Sequences for Mature miRNAs miR-223 miR-10b 5'-UACCCUGUAGAACCGAAUUUGUG-3' let-7c miR-30a-3p 5'-CUUUCAGUCGGAUGUUUGCAGC-3'…

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Concepts of Genetics (12th Edition)

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