The way by which tolazamide is synthesized has to be shown. Concept introduction: Reaction of an ester with ammonia or an amine : Treatment of an ester with ammonia or a primary or secondary amine gives an amide. The nucleophilic addition of the ammonia or amine to the carbonyl carbon occurs followed by a proton transfer and a tetrahedral addition intermediate is formed. The intermediate can directly alkoxide and lose a proton to the alkoxide to give products.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 18, Problem 18.46P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The way by which tolazamide is synthesized has to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Reaction of an ester with ammonia or an amine:

Treatment of an ester with ammonia or a primary or secondary amine gives an amide.

The nucleophilic addition of the ammonia or amine to the carbonyl carbon occurs followed by a proton transfer and a tetrahedral addition intermediate is formed. The intermediate can directly alkoxide and lose a proton to the alkoxide to give products.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The way by which Gliclazide is synthesized has to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Reaction of an ester with ammonia or an amine:

Treatment of an ester with ammonia or a primary or secondary amine gives an amide.

The nucleophilic addition of the ammonia or amine to the carbonyl carbon occurs followed by a proton transfer and a tetrahedral addition intermediate is formed. The intermediate can directly alkoxide and lose a proton to the alkoxide to give products.

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 18, Problem 18.46P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The way by which tolazamide is synthesized has to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Reaction of an ester with ammonia or an amine:

Treatment of an ester with ammonia or a primary or secondary amine gives an amide.

The nucleophilic addition of the ammonia or amine to the carbonyl carbon occurs followed by a proton transfer and a tetrahedral addition intermediate is formed. The intermediate can directly alkoxide and lose a proton to the alkoxide to give products.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The way by which Gliclazide is synthesized has to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Reaction of an ester with ammonia or an amine:

Treatment of an ester with ammonia or a primary or secondary amine gives an amide.

The nucleophilic addition of the ammonia or amine to the carbonyl carbon occurs followed by a proton transfer and a tetrahedral addition intermediate is formed. The intermediate can directly alkoxide and lose a proton to the alkoxide to give products.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 18, Problem 18.46P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The way by which tolazamide is synthesized has to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Reaction of an ester with ammonia or an amine:

Treatment of an ester with ammonia or a primary or secondary amine gives an amide.

The nucleophilic addition of the ammonia or amine to the carbonyl carbon occurs followed by a proton transfer and a tetrahedral addition intermediate is formed. The intermediate can directly alkoxide and lose a proton to the alkoxide to give products.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The way by which Gliclazide is synthesized has to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Reaction of an ester with ammonia or an amine:

Treatment of an ester with ammonia or a primary or secondary amine gives an amide.

The nucleophilic addition of the ammonia or amine to the carbonyl carbon occurs followed by a proton transfer and a tetrahedral addition intermediate is formed. The intermediate can directly alkoxide and lose a proton to the alkoxide to give products.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 18, Problem 18.46P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The way by which tolazamide is synthesized has to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Reaction of an ester with ammonia or an amine:

Treatment of an ester with ammonia or a primary or secondary amine gives an amide.

The nucleophilic addition of the ammonia or amine to the carbonyl carbon occurs followed by a proton transfer and a tetrahedral addition intermediate is formed. The intermediate can directly alkoxide and lose a proton to the alkoxide to give products.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The way by which Gliclazide is synthesized has to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Reaction of an ester with ammonia or an amine:

Treatment of an ester with ammonia or a primary or secondary amine gives an amide.

The nucleophilic addition of the ammonia or amine to the carbonyl carbon occurs followed by a proton transfer and a tetrahedral addition intermediate is formed. The intermediate can directly alkoxide and lose a proton to the alkoxide to give products.

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Answer 5

Chapter 18, Problem 18.46P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The way by which tolazamide is synthesized has to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Reaction of an ester with ammonia or an amine:

Treatment of an ester with ammonia or a primary or secondary amine gives an amide.

The nucleophilic addition of the ammonia or amine to the carbonyl carbon occurs followed by a proton transfer and a tetrahedral addition intermediate is formed. The intermediate can directly alkoxide and lose a proton to the alkoxide to give products.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The way by which Gliclazide is synthesized has to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Reaction of an ester with ammonia or an amine:

Treatment of an ester with ammonia or a primary or secondary amine gives an amide.

The nucleophilic addition of the ammonia or amine to the carbonyl carbon occurs followed by a proton transfer and a tetrahedral addition intermediate is formed. The intermediate can directly alkoxide and lose a proton to the alkoxide to give products.

Answer 6

Chapter 18, Problem 18.46P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The way by which tolazamide is synthesized has to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Reaction of an ester with ammonia or an amine:

Treatment of an ester with ammonia or a primary or secondary amine gives an amide.

The nucleophilic addition of the ammonia or amine to the carbonyl carbon occurs followed by a proton transfer and a tetrahedral addition intermediate is formed. The intermediate can directly alkoxide and lose a proton to the alkoxide to give products.

Answer 7

Chapter 18, Problem 18.46P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The way by which tolazamide is synthesized has to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Reaction of an ester with ammonia or an amine:

Treatment of an ester with ammonia or a primary or secondary amine gives an amide.

The nucleophilic addition of the ammonia or amine to the carbonyl carbon occurs followed by a proton transfer and a tetrahedral addition intermediate is formed. The intermediate can directly alkoxide and lose a proton to the alkoxide to give products.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The way by which Gliclazide is synthesized has to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Reaction of an ester with ammonia or an amine:

Treatment of an ester with ammonia or a primary or secondary amine gives an amide.

The nucleophilic addition of the ammonia or amine to the carbonyl carbon occurs followed by a proton transfer and a tetrahedral addition intermediate is formed. The intermediate can directly alkoxide and lose a proton to the alkoxide to give products.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The way by which Gliclazide is synthesized has to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Reaction of an ester with ammonia or an amine:

Treatment of an ester with ammonia or a primary or secondary amine gives an amide.

The nucleophilic addition of the ammonia or amine to the carbonyl carbon occurs followed by a proton transfer and a tetrahedral addition intermediate is formed. The intermediate can directly alkoxide and lose a proton to the alkoxide to give products.

Answer 10

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Answer 11

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Answer 12

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Answer 13

Ch. 18.1 - Prob. 18.1P Ch. 18.2 - Prob. 18.2P Ch. 18.4 - Prob. 18.3P Ch. 18.4 - Prob. 18.4P Ch. 18.4 - Synthesis of nitriles by nucleophilic displacement...Ch. 18.5 - Complete the following transesterification...Ch. 18.6 - Complete and balance equations for the following...Ch. 18.8 - Prob. AQ Ch. 18.8 - Several compounds have been found to inhibit...Ch. 18.8 - Prob. CQ

Solution Summary: The author explains how tolazamide is synthesized by converting an amine to a carbamic ester.

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Chapter 18 Solutions