Study Guide for Campbell Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134443775
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece, Martha R. Taylor, Michael A. Pollock
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 17, Problem 9TYK
Which of the following is true of RNA processing?
- a. Exons are excised before the mRNA is translated.
- b. Signal peptides are added to the 5ʹ end of the transcript.
- c. Assemblies of protein and small RNAs, called spliceosomes, may catalyze splicing.
- d. Large quantities of rRNA are assembled into ribosomes.
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If an MRNA is alternatively spliced, then
different introns are removed from a pre-MRNA, producing transcripts that will potentially encode proteins with different primary structures.
I.
the MRNA is found in a bacterial cell.
II.
transcription and translation of the MRNA will occur simultaneously.
the alternative splicing happened in the cytoplasm.
IV.
Ay different exons from a pre-mRNA will be spliced together.
V.
the different MRNAS will all have poly-A tails.
VI.
Which of the following statements about RNA processing in eukaryotes is INCORRECT?
A. The excision of introns from pre-mRNA is the only modification required to produce a mature mRNA.
B. A protein/RNA complex is used to remove introns from the pre-mRNA.
C. A poly A tail is added on to the 3′ end of the mRNA.
D. A 7-methylguanosine cap is added on to the 5′end of the mRNA.
E. Modification occurs in the nucleus.
A geneticist induces a mutation in eukaryote cells. The mutation results in an inability to form the poly(A) tail during processing of pre-mRNA. What does this mean for the mature mRNA and what will be the effect on these cells?
Possible Answers:
A. The mRNA will be spliced, but will not have a 5' cap.
B. The mRNA will likely be degraded.
C. The mRNA will not be cleaved.
D. The mRNA will have too many Gs and Cs.
Chapter 17 Solutions
Study Guide for Campbell Biology
Ch. 17 - a. In what three ways does RNA differ from DNA? b....Ch. 17 - Prob. 2IQCh. 17 - Prob. 3IQCh. 17 - How does the mRNA that leaves the nucleus differ...Ch. 17 - Prob. 5IQCh. 17 - In the following diagrams of polypeptide...Ch. 17 - What determines if a ribosome becomes bound to the...Ch. 17 - Define the following terms and explain what type...Ch. 17 - You have been introduced to several types of RNA...Ch. 17 - Prob. 2SYK
Ch. 17 - What is the genetic code? Explain redundancy and...Ch. 17 - Prepare a concept map showing the types and...Ch. 17 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 17 - Transcription involves the transfer of information...Ch. 17 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 17 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 17 - Which of the following is a statement of the...Ch. 17 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 17 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 17 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 17 - Which of the following is true of RNA processing?...Ch. 17 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 17 - Prob. 11TYKCh. 17 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 17 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 17 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 17 - What type of bonding is responsible for...Ch. 17 - Prob. 16TYKCh. 17 - Prob. 17TYKCh. 17 - Prob. 18TYKCh. 17 - Prob. 19TYKCh. 17 - Prob. 20TYKCh. 17 - Prob. 21TYKCh. 17 - Prob. 22TYKCh. 17 - Prob. 23TYKCh. 17 - Prob. 24TYKCh. 17 - Prob. 25TYKCh. 17 - Prob. 26TYKCh. 17 - Prob. 27TYKCh. 17 - Prob. 28TYK
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- Arrange the statements in their proper order by writing the corresponding letter (e.g. A) for each statement in the space provided below. A. The single-stranded RNA would complement the target RNA. B. Gene expression is inactivated once the mRNA is no longer accessible for translation. C. The risk-induced silencing complex which is composed of RNA and protein subunits is formed. D. Double-stranded, non-coding RNA is cleaved by Dicer. E. The mRNA can be cleaved or remain bound by the RISC. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.arrow_forwardAre the following statements TRUE or FALSE?a. Post-transcriptional RNA processing occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell.b. A primary RNA transcript is often much longer than the mature mRNA that leaves the nucleus.c. Both ends of a pre-mRNA are modified to facilitate RNA splicing.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about the spliceosome is false? a. A spliceosome splices pre-mRNA molecules. b. A spliceosome removes exons from RNA molecules. c. A spliceosome is composed of snRNPs. d. A spliceosome recognizes the exon-intron boundaries and the branch site.arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements about pre-mRNA splicing is FALSE? a. Splicing of an intron requires consensus sequences at the splice donor, the splice acceptor and the branch point of the intron. b. The spliceosome contains proteins and RNA molecules. c. Some snRNAs base pair with splice consensus sequences on the primary transcript. d. Splicing happens before the export of the mRNA to the cytoplasm. e. Splicing happens in the cytoplasm, when spliceosomes move down the pre-mRNA in front of ribosomes.arrow_forwardThe addition of the poly-A tail adds more than 200 units of adenine to the strand of mRNA, yet no protein has a continuous line of more than 200 phenylalanines in its structure. Why is this so? A. RNA splicing occurs and removes the noncoding sequences. B. The poly-A tail and 5' GTP cap do not translate into proteins. C. The adenines are reabsorbed by the cell and help to form other forms of RNA. D. The tRNA does not recognize the poly-A tail.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is not a function of the 5’ cap and 3’ poly-A tail of a mature eukaryotic mRNA molecule? a. To facilitate splicing b. To prevent mRNA degradation c. To aid export of the mature transcript to the cytoplasm d. To aid ribosome binding to the transcriptarrow_forward
- The sequence of bases in a sample of MRNA was found to be: GGU,AAU,CCU,UUU,GUU,ACU,CAU,UGU a Deduce the sequence of amino acids this codes for. b Determine the sequence of bases in the coding strand of DNA from which this MRNA was transcribed. c Within a cell, state where the triplet codes, codons and anticodons are found.arrow_forwardWhy might a single base-pair mutation in eukaryotic mRNA be less serious than one in prokaryotic mRNA? a. If the mutation occurs in the 5' end of the start site, it will not affect the gene product. b. If the mutation occurs in the exon, it will not affect the gene product. c. If the mutation occurs in the splice site of a transcript with alternative splicing, only one gene product may affected. O d. If the mutation occurs in the intron or not in the splice site of a transcript with alternative splicing, it will nc affect the gene product. O e. If the mutation occurs in the 3' end of the start site, it will not affect the gene product. OLIE STIC N 1Aarrow_forwardPlease consider the figure below. a. Give the name of the process illustrated in the figure. b. If this is part of the elongation stage, explain what is going to happen next. Use the labels, A, B and/or C to answer the question. c. What type of enzyme is involved in the process described in (b)? d. What terminus of the protein is represented by label A?arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements are NOT true? A. Replication is the process of making DNA and takes place in the nucleus of prokaryotic cells. B. Translation produces a polypeptide that may require additional processing to become a functional protein C. Transcription starts at the promoter of eukaryotic cells and scans until reaches the start codon. D. Splicing results in exons being put together and introns being removedarrow_forwardAlternate splicing: A. Reduces mRNA half-life by shortening poly(A) tails B. Disrupts histone arrangement for increased transcription C. Uses topoisomerase to complete its function D. Can produce 2 or more products from one genearrow_forwardA principle function of 5' and 3' end modifications of eukaryotic mRNA is: a. to ensure that all nucleotides are phosphorylated b. to protect RNA from nucleolytic degradation c. to guide the removal of introns d. to serve as binding sites for translation release factorsarrow_forward
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