Study Guide for Campbell Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134443775
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece, Martha R. Taylor, Michael A. Pollock
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 17, Problem 17TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction: Translation is the synthesis of a protein chain from an mRNA molecule, and the produced protein undergoes different chemical modifications. These changes are known as posttranslational modifications.
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Students have asked these similar questions
Which of the following is a function of the 7-methylguanosine cap?
a. Exit of mRNA from the nucleus
b. Efficient splicing of pre-mRNA
c. Initiation of translation
d. All of the above
The codon and anticodon are base-paired together during the process of translation. Which of the following is correct regarding the relationship between anticodon and codon?
A. The tRNA anticodon UCU pairs with the AGA mRNA codon.
B. The tRNA anticodon is read from the 5’ to the 3’ end.
C. A tRNA anticodon can pair with only one mRNA codon.
D. The mRNA codon ACG base pairs with the tRNA anticodon TGC.
Which of the following is TRUE in translation?
A. Amino acyl TRNA containing one amino acid is attached to the P site
B. Amino acids/peptides attached to the amino acyl tRNA at the P site are
transferred to amino acids at the A site, followed by translocation.
C. Empty TRNAS are immediately released from the ribosomes
D. The E site is always empty after translocation to receive incoming empty
TRNAS.
E. The anticodon binding to the codon is stringent, i.e. there must be
complete complementary base-pairing between the bases in the codon and
anticodon before translation can proceed.
Chapter 17 Solutions
Study Guide for Campbell Biology
Ch. 17 - a. In what three ways does RNA differ from DNA? b....Ch. 17 - Prob. 2IQCh. 17 - Prob. 3IQCh. 17 - How does the mRNA that leaves the nucleus differ...Ch. 17 - Prob. 5IQCh. 17 - In the following diagrams of polypeptide...Ch. 17 - What determines if a ribosome becomes bound to the...Ch. 17 - Define the following terms and explain what type...Ch. 17 - You have been introduced to several types of RNA...Ch. 17 - Prob. 2SYK
Ch. 17 - What is the genetic code? Explain redundancy and...Ch. 17 - Prepare a concept map showing the types and...Ch. 17 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 17 - Transcription involves the transfer of information...Ch. 17 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 17 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 17 - Which of the following is a statement of the...Ch. 17 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 17 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 17 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 17 - Which of the following is true of RNA processing?...Ch. 17 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 17 - Prob. 11TYKCh. 17 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 17 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 17 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 17 - What type of bonding is responsible for...Ch. 17 - Prob. 16TYKCh. 17 - Prob. 17TYKCh. 17 - Prob. 18TYKCh. 17 - Prob. 19TYKCh. 17 - Prob. 20TYKCh. 17 - Prob. 21TYKCh. 17 - Prob. 22TYKCh. 17 - Prob. 23TYKCh. 17 - Prob. 24TYKCh. 17 - Prob. 25TYKCh. 17 - Prob. 26TYKCh. 17 - Prob. 27TYKCh. 17 - Prob. 28TYK
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- In eukaryotes, MRNA processing may involve all of the following events except A. repair of MRNA mutations B. addition of a 5' cap. C. addition of a poly A to the 3' end. D. alternative splicing. E. removal of intronsarrow_forwardDuring the termination of translation, what is the correct polypeptide sequence which will be released by the ribosome? 5' - AUG - UAU - CUC - UUU - 3' (mRNA codon sequence) 3' - UAC - AUA - GAG - AAA - 5' (tRNA anticodon sequence) A.START - Tyr - Leu - Phe B. Tyr - Ile - Glu - Lys C. START - Ile - Glu - Lys D. Ser - Tyr - Gly - Cysarrow_forwardDuring translation, when a stop codon is read on the mRNA strand at the ribosome... a the mRNA is digested by a protease complex b a repressor attached to the ribosome that inhibits the movement of the ribosome along the mRNA c the enzyme helicase binds to terminate the polypeptide d a release factor enters the A site of the ribosome and stimulates the disassembly of the translation complex Codons are... a triplets coding for a single amino acid. b redundant in their coding for various amino acids. c matched with anticodons during translation d triplets found on transfer RNA Question 6 (1 point) In order to produce many copies of the same protein in a short period of time, the cell uses... a intron self-splicing. b many RNA polymerase molecules to produce multiple mRNA transcripts at the same time. c single-unit ribosomes for high speed translation. d codon-anticodon reciprocal…arrow_forward
- During translation, amino acid chain termination requires a. a hydrolysis reaction to break off tRNA from the ribosome subunit b. elongation factors after termination hydrolysis c. a start codon to signal new chain d. stop signals from initiation complexarrow_forwardWhich of the following best describes the initiation of translation? A. The mRNA binds the large ribosomal subunit. The start codon is identified and an rRNA with methionine is bound to the start codon. B. The mRNA binds the small ribosomal subunit. The start codon is identified and the large subunit is recruited. C. The mRNA binds the small ribosomal subunit. The start codon is identified and a tRNA with methionine is bound to the start codon. D. The mRNA binds the small ribosomal subunit. The start codon is identified and the tRNA with methionine enters the A site.arrow_forwardIn addition to variable sites, the strucutre of a tRNA includes A. Three stem loops with an anticodon in the second loop; acceptor stem where amino acid attaches. B. Accepter stem where the anticodon is located; 3 stem loops with the second loop where the amino acid will attach. C. 3 stem loops with a codon in the second loop; acceptor stem where the amino acid attaches. D. Acceptor stem where the codon is located; 3 stem loops with the second loop where the amino acid will attacharrow_forward
- The primary function of 5' & 3' end mRNA modification is: a. To ensure that phosphorylation of the nucleotides b. Protection from nucleolytic degradation c. Assurance of end joining during nuclear export. d. To activate removal of introns e. All of the above.arrow_forwardDuring transcription in eukaryotes, the 5' cap and poly-A tail function to: A. Protect mRNA from damage B. Help target the mRNA for translation C. A and B D. None of the abovearrow_forwardtRNAs a. carry amino acids b. bind to the anticodon present in the mRNA c. adapt the genetic information to the ribosome d. catalyze the peptide bondarrow_forward
- A principle function of 5' and 3' end modifications of eukaryotic mRNA is: a. to ensure that all nucleotides are phosphorylated b. to protect RNA from nucleolytic degradation c. to guide the removal of introns d. to serve as binding sites for translation release factorsarrow_forwardTranslation can be regulated by a. translational repressors. b. antisense RNA. c. attenuation. d. both a and b.arrow_forwardDuring the initiation stage of translation in bacteria, which of the following events occur(s)? a. IF1 and IF3 bind to the 30S subunit. b. The mRNA binds to the 30S subunit and tRNAfMet binds to the start codon in the mRNA. c. IF2 hydrolyzes its GTP and is released; the 50S subunit binds to the 30S subunit. d. All of the above events occur.arrow_forward
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