The characteristics of the Initiator elements. Introduction: The transcription is a process in which a particular segment of DNA is copied into RNA. The process is catalyzed by an RNA polymerase enzyme. It is the first step of DNA based gene expression.

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Answer 1

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Chapter 17, Problem 17PDQ

Summary Introduction

To determine: The characteristics of the Initiator elements.

Introduction: The transcription is a process in which a particular segment of DNA is copied into RNA. The process is catalyzed by an RNA polymerase enzyme. It is the first step of DNA based gene expression.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The characteristics of the BREs.

Introduction: Translation is a process of protein biosynthesis. In this process, the genetic code carried by mRNA is decoded to produce the polypeptide chain. The process follows transcription in which the DNA sequence is copied into an mRNA.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The characteristics of the DPEs.

Introduction: The TATA box is a sequence of DNA. It is found in the core promoter region of eukaryotes. The homolog of TATA box is present in prokaryotes and is called Pribnow box.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The characteristics of the MTEs.

Introduction: A core promoter is the region of the proximal promoter that contains the transcription start sites. It is the minimal stretch of DNA sequence that is sufficient to initiate the process of transcription.

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Explain the features of the Initiator (Inr) elements, BREs, DPEs, and MTEs of focused promoters.

Negative supercoiling of DNA favors the transcription of genes because it facilitates unwinding. However, not all promoter sites are stimulated by negative supercoiling. The promoter site for topoisomerase II itself is a noteworthy exception. Negative supercoiling decreases the rate of transcription of this gene. Propose a possible mechanism for this effect and suggest a reason why it may occur.

Discuss the structure and function of regulatory elements. Where are they located relative to the core promoter?

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 17, Problem 17PDQ

Summary Introduction

To determine: The characteristics of the Initiator elements.

Introduction: The transcription is a process in which a particular segment of DNA is copied into RNA. The process is catalyzed by an RNA polymerase enzyme. It is the first step of DNA based gene expression.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The characteristics of the BREs.

Introduction: Translation is a process of protein biosynthesis. In this process, the genetic code carried by mRNA is decoded to produce the polypeptide chain. The process follows transcription in which the DNA sequence is copied into an mRNA.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The characteristics of the DPEs.

Introduction: The TATA box is a sequence of DNA. It is found in the core promoter region of eukaryotes. The homolog of TATA box is present in prokaryotes and is called Pribnow box.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The characteristics of the MTEs.

Introduction: A core promoter is the region of the proximal promoter that contains the transcription start sites. It is the minimal stretch of DNA sequence that is sufficient to initiate the process of transcription.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 17, Problem 17PDQ

Summary Introduction

To determine: The characteristics of the Initiator elements.

Introduction: The transcription is a process in which a particular segment of DNA is copied into RNA. The process is catalyzed by an RNA polymerase enzyme. It is the first step of DNA based gene expression.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The characteristics of the BREs.

Introduction: Translation is a process of protein biosynthesis. In this process, the genetic code carried by mRNA is decoded to produce the polypeptide chain. The process follows transcription in which the DNA sequence is copied into an mRNA.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The characteristics of the DPEs.

Introduction: The TATA box is a sequence of DNA. It is found in the core promoter region of eukaryotes. The homolog of TATA box is present in prokaryotes and is called Pribnow box.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The characteristics of the MTEs.

Introduction: A core promoter is the region of the proximal promoter that contains the transcription start sites. It is the minimal stretch of DNA sequence that is sufficient to initiate the process of transcription.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 17, Problem 17PDQ

Summary Introduction

To determine: The characteristics of the Initiator elements.

Introduction: The transcription is a process in which a particular segment of DNA is copied into RNA. The process is catalyzed by an RNA polymerase enzyme. It is the first step of DNA based gene expression.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The characteristics of the BREs.

Introduction: Translation is a process of protein biosynthesis. In this process, the genetic code carried by mRNA is decoded to produce the polypeptide chain. The process follows transcription in which the DNA sequence is copied into an mRNA.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The characteristics of the DPEs.

Introduction: The TATA box is a sequence of DNA. It is found in the core promoter region of eukaryotes. The homolog of TATA box is present in prokaryotes and is called Pribnow box.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The characteristics of the MTEs.

Introduction: A core promoter is the region of the proximal promoter that contains the transcription start sites. It is the minimal stretch of DNA sequence that is sufficient to initiate the process of transcription.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 5

Chapter 17, Problem 17PDQ

Summary Introduction

To determine: The characteristics of the Initiator elements.

Introduction: The transcription is a process in which a particular segment of DNA is copied into RNA. The process is catalyzed by an RNA polymerase enzyme. It is the first step of DNA based gene expression.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The characteristics of the BREs.

Introduction: Translation is a process of protein biosynthesis. In this process, the genetic code carried by mRNA is decoded to produce the polypeptide chain. The process follows transcription in which the DNA sequence is copied into an mRNA.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The characteristics of the DPEs.

Introduction: The TATA box is a sequence of DNA. It is found in the core promoter region of eukaryotes. The homolog of TATA box is present in prokaryotes and is called Pribnow box.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The characteristics of the MTEs.

Introduction: A core promoter is the region of the proximal promoter that contains the transcription start sites. It is the minimal stretch of DNA sequence that is sufficient to initiate the process of transcription.

Answer 6

Chapter 17, Problem 17PDQ

Summary Introduction

To determine: The characteristics of the Initiator elements.

Introduction: The transcription is a process in which a particular segment of DNA is copied into RNA. The process is catalyzed by an RNA polymerase enzyme. It is the first step of DNA based gene expression.

Answer 7

Chapter 17, Problem 17PDQ

Summary Introduction

To determine: The characteristics of the Initiator elements.

Introduction: The transcription is a process in which a particular segment of DNA is copied into RNA. The process is catalyzed by an RNA polymerase enzyme. It is the first step of DNA based gene expression.

Answer 8

Summary Introduction

To determine: The characteristics of the BREs.

Introduction: Translation is a process of protein biosynthesis. In this process, the genetic code carried by mRNA is decoded to produce the polypeptide chain. The process follows transcription in which the DNA sequence is copied into an mRNA.

Answer 9

Summary Introduction

To determine: The characteristics of the BREs.

Introduction: Translation is a process of protein biosynthesis. In this process, the genetic code carried by mRNA is decoded to produce the polypeptide chain. The process follows transcription in which the DNA sequence is copied into an mRNA.

Answer 10

Summary Introduction

To determine: The characteristics of the DPEs.

Introduction: The TATA box is a sequence of DNA. It is found in the core promoter region of eukaryotes. The homolog of TATA box is present in prokaryotes and is called Pribnow box.

Answer 11

Summary Introduction

To determine: The characteristics of the DPEs.

Introduction: The TATA box is a sequence of DNA. It is found in the core promoter region of eukaryotes. The homolog of TATA box is present in prokaryotes and is called Pribnow box.

Answer 12

Summary Introduction

To determine: The characteristics of the MTEs.

Introduction: A core promoter is the region of the proximal promoter that contains the transcription start sites. It is the minimal stretch of DNA sequence that is sufficient to initiate the process of transcription.

Answer 13

Summary Introduction

To determine: The characteristics of the MTEs.

Introduction: A core promoter is the region of the proximal promoter that contains the transcription start sites. It is the minimal stretch of DNA sequence that is sufficient to initiate the process of transcription.

Answer 14

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Answer 15

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Answer 16

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Answer 17

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The characteristics of the Initiator elements. Introduction: The transcription is a process in which a particular segment of DNA is copied into RNA. The process is catalyzed by an RNA polymerase enzyme. It is the first step of DNA based gene expression.

Solution Summary: The author explains the characteristics of initiator elements, such as a core promoter that initiates the process of transcription in the absence of the TATA box.

Concept explainers

Videos

To determine: The characteristics of the Initiator elements.

Introduction: The transcription is a process in which a particular segment of DNA is copied into RNA. The process is catalyzed by an RNA polymerase enzyme. It is the first step of DNA based gene expression.

To determine: The characteristics of the BREs.

Introduction: Translation is a process of protein biosynthesis. In this process, the genetic code carried by mRNA is decoded to produce the polypeptide chain. The process follows transcription in which the DNA sequence is copied into an mRNA.

To determine: The characteristics of the DPEs.

Introduction: The TATA box is a sequence of DNA. It is found in the core promoter region of eukaryotes. The homolog of TATA box is present in prokaryotes and is called Pribnow box.

To determine: The characteristics of the MTEs.

Introduction: A core promoter is the region of the proximal promoter that contains the transcription start sites. It is the minimal stretch of DNA sequence that is sufficient to initiate the process of transcription.

Want to see the full answer?

Chapter 17 Solutions

The characteristics of the Initiator elements. Introduction: The transcription is a process in which a particular segment of DNA is copied into RNA. The process is catalyzed by an RNA polymerase enzyme. It is the first step of DNA based gene expression.

Solution Summary: The author explains the characteristics of initiator elements, such as a core promoter that initiates the process of transcription in the absence of the TATA box.

Concept explainers

Videos

To determine: The characteristics of the Initiator elements. Introduction: The transcription is a process in which a particular segment of DNA is copied into RNA. The process is catalyzed by an RNA polymerase enzyme. It is the first step of DNA based gene expression.

To determine: The characteristics of the BREs. Introduction: Translation is a process of protein biosynthesis. In this process, the genetic code carried by mRNA is decoded to produce the polypeptide chain. The process follows transcription in which the DNA sequence is copied into an mRNA.

To determine: The characteristics of the DPEs. Introduction: The TATA box is a sequence of DNA. It is found in the core promoter region of eukaryotes. The homolog of TATA box is present in prokaryotes and is called Pribnow box.

To determine: The characteristics of the MTEs. Introduction: A core promoter is the region of the proximal promoter that contains the transcription start sites. It is the minimal stretch of DNA sequence that is sufficient to initiate the process of transcription.

Want to see the full answer?

Chapter 17 Solutions

To determine: The characteristics of the Initiator elements.

Introduction: The transcription is a process in which a particular segment of DNA is copied into RNA. The process is catalyzed by an RNA polymerase enzyme. It is the first step of DNA based gene expression.

To determine: The characteristics of the BREs.

Introduction: Translation is a process of protein biosynthesis. In this process, the genetic code carried by mRNA is decoded to produce the polypeptide chain. The process follows transcription in which the DNA sequence is copied into an mRNA.

To determine: The characteristics of the DPEs.

Introduction: The TATA box is a sequence of DNA. It is found in the core promoter region of eukaryotes. The homolog of TATA box is present in prokaryotes and is called Pribnow box.

To determine: The characteristics of the MTEs.

Introduction: A core promoter is the region of the proximal promoter that contains the transcription start sites. It is the minimal stretch of DNA sequence that is sufficient to initiate the process of transcription.