The way by which deletion within the GAL4 gene would affect transcription of the yeast GAL1 gene in the presence of galactose. Introduction: Transcription is the process of formation of RNA (ribonucleic acid) from the complementary DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). GAL genes are required for the proper growth of yeast in galactose medium. The regulation of GAL genes is regulated by the products of GAL4, GAL8, and GAL3 genes. Mutation in these regions may disrupt the process of transcription in yeast.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 17, Problem 22ESP

(a)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which deletion within the GAL4 gene would affect transcription of the yeast GAL1 gene in the presence of galactose.

Introduction: Transcription is the process of formation of RNA (ribonucleic acid) from the complementary DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). GAL genes are required for the proper growth of yeast in galactose medium. The regulation of GAL genes is regulated by the products of GAL4, GAL8, and GAL3 genes. Mutation in these regions may disrupt the process of transcription in yeast.

(b)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which deletion within the entire GAL3 gene would affect transcription of the yeast GAL1 gene in the presence of galactose.

Introduction: As mentioned in the concept introduction part a.

(c)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which deletion of a mutation within the GAL80 gene that blocks the ability of Gal80 protein to interact with Gal3p would affect transcription of the yeast GAL1 gene in the presence of galactose.

Introduction: As mentioned in the concept introduction part a.

(d)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which deletion of one of the four UAS_G elements upstream from the GAL1 gene would affect transcription of the yeast GAL1 gene in the presence of galactose.

Introduction: As mentioned in the concept introduction part a.

(e)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which a point mutation in the GAL1 core promoter that alters the sequence of the TATA box would affect transcription of the yeast GAL1 gene in the presence of galactose.

Introduction: As mentioned in the concept introduction part a.

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The lac genotypes are as shown below: P+OcZ-Y+A+// P¯O+Z+Y+A+ (i) The lac operon consists of three structural genes, lacZ, lacY and lacA. Which structural genes are involved in lactose metabolism? Explain. (ii) Draw and explain how lactose repress the gene expression in lac IS/I- heterozygote. (iii) What is the function of the promoter in the bacterial operon?

(c) By binding one L-tryptophan molecule/monomer, the trp repressor binds to DNA to suppress syn- thesis of L-tryptophan in E. coli. Below is the amino acid sequence of the helix – (reverse) turn – helix region of the trp repressor that binds to DNA compared to the sequence of the corresponding DNA binding motif of the Prl protein, a different type of repressor protein. A diagram of the trp repressor dimer is also shown. reverse turn trp helix 4 70 Trp -Gly-Glu-Met-Ser-Gln-Arg-Glu-Leu-Lys-Asn-Glu-Leu-Gly-Ala-Gly- Ile- Prl -Ser-Glu-Glu-Ala-Lys-Glu-Glu-Leu-Ala-Lys-Lys-Cys-Gly-Ile-Thr- Val- Pri heilix trp helix 5 80 90 Trp Ala-Thr-Ile-Thr-Arg-Gly-Ser sgn-Ser-Leu-Lys-Ala-Ala- Prl Ser-Gln-Val-Ser-Asn-Trp-Phe-Gly-Asn-Lys-Arg-Ile-Arg- Prl helix

Consider the following mRNA base sequence 5' CUG-CAC 3' (a) What dipeptide is coded for by this mRNA? (b) What dipeptide is formed if a mutation converts CUG to CUU? (c) What dipeptide is formed if a mutation converts CAC to CGC? (d) What dipeptide is formed if a mutation converts CUG to CUU and CAC to CGC?

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 17, Problem 22ESP

(a)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which deletion within the GAL4 gene would affect transcription of the yeast GAL1 gene in the presence of galactose.

Introduction: Transcription is the process of formation of RNA (ribonucleic acid) from the complementary DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). GAL genes are required for the proper growth of yeast in galactose medium. The regulation of GAL genes is regulated by the products of GAL4, GAL8, and GAL3 genes. Mutation in these regions may disrupt the process of transcription in yeast.

(b)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which deletion within the entire GAL3 gene would affect transcription of the yeast GAL1 gene in the presence of galactose.

Introduction: As mentioned in the concept introduction part a.

(c)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which deletion of a mutation within the GAL80 gene that blocks the ability of Gal80 protein to interact with Gal3p would affect transcription of the yeast GAL1 gene in the presence of galactose.

Introduction: As mentioned in the concept introduction part a.

(d)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which deletion of one of the four UAS_G elements upstream from the GAL1 gene would affect transcription of the yeast GAL1 gene in the presence of galactose.

Introduction: As mentioned in the concept introduction part a.

(e)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which a point mutation in the GAL1 core promoter that alters the sequence of the TATA box would affect transcription of the yeast GAL1 gene in the presence of galactose.

Introduction: As mentioned in the concept introduction part a.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 17, Problem 22ESP

(a)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which deletion within the GAL4 gene would affect transcription of the yeast GAL1 gene in the presence of galactose.

Introduction: Transcription is the process of formation of RNA (ribonucleic acid) from the complementary DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). GAL genes are required for the proper growth of yeast in galactose medium. The regulation of GAL genes is regulated by the products of GAL4, GAL8, and GAL3 genes. Mutation in these regions may disrupt the process of transcription in yeast.

(b)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which deletion within the entire GAL3 gene would affect transcription of the yeast GAL1 gene in the presence of galactose.

Introduction: As mentioned in the concept introduction part a.

(c)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which deletion of a mutation within the GAL80 gene that blocks the ability of Gal80 protein to interact with Gal3p would affect transcription of the yeast GAL1 gene in the presence of galactose.

Introduction: As mentioned in the concept introduction part a.

(d)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which deletion of one of the four UAS_G elements upstream from the GAL1 gene would affect transcription of the yeast GAL1 gene in the presence of galactose.

Introduction: As mentioned in the concept introduction part a.

(e)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which a point mutation in the GAL1 core promoter that alters the sequence of the TATA box would affect transcription of the yeast GAL1 gene in the presence of galactose.

Introduction: As mentioned in the concept introduction part a.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 17, Problem 22ESP

(a)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which deletion within the GAL4 gene would affect transcription of the yeast GAL1 gene in the presence of galactose.

Introduction: Transcription is the process of formation of RNA (ribonucleic acid) from the complementary DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). GAL genes are required for the proper growth of yeast in galactose medium. The regulation of GAL genes is regulated by the products of GAL4, GAL8, and GAL3 genes. Mutation in these regions may disrupt the process of transcription in yeast.

(b)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which deletion within the entire GAL3 gene would affect transcription of the yeast GAL1 gene in the presence of galactose.

Introduction: As mentioned in the concept introduction part a.

(c)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which deletion of a mutation within the GAL80 gene that blocks the ability of Gal80 protein to interact with Gal3p would affect transcription of the yeast GAL1 gene in the presence of galactose.

Introduction: As mentioned in the concept introduction part a.

(d)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which deletion of one of the four UAS_G elements upstream from the GAL1 gene would affect transcription of the yeast GAL1 gene in the presence of galactose.

Introduction: As mentioned in the concept introduction part a.

(e)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which a point mutation in the GAL1 core promoter that alters the sequence of the TATA box would affect transcription of the yeast GAL1 gene in the presence of galactose.

Introduction: As mentioned in the concept introduction part a.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 5

Chapter 17, Problem 22ESP

(a)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which deletion within the GAL4 gene would affect transcription of the yeast GAL1 gene in the presence of galactose.

Introduction: Transcription is the process of formation of RNA (ribonucleic acid) from the complementary DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). GAL genes are required for the proper growth of yeast in galactose medium. The regulation of GAL genes is regulated by the products of GAL4, GAL8, and GAL3 genes. Mutation in these regions may disrupt the process of transcription in yeast.

(b)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which deletion within the entire GAL3 gene would affect transcription of the yeast GAL1 gene in the presence of galactose.

Introduction: As mentioned in the concept introduction part a.

(c)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which deletion of a mutation within the GAL80 gene that blocks the ability of Gal80 protein to interact with Gal3p would affect transcription of the yeast GAL1 gene in the presence of galactose.

Introduction: As mentioned in the concept introduction part a.

(d)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which deletion of one of the four UAS_G elements upstream from the GAL1 gene would affect transcription of the yeast GAL1 gene in the presence of galactose.

Introduction: As mentioned in the concept introduction part a.

(e)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which a point mutation in the GAL1 core promoter that alters the sequence of the TATA box would affect transcription of the yeast GAL1 gene in the presence of galactose.

Introduction: As mentioned in the concept introduction part a.

Answer 6

Chapter 17, Problem 22ESP

(a)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which deletion within the GAL4 gene would affect transcription of the yeast GAL1 gene in the presence of galactose.

Introduction: Transcription is the process of formation of RNA (ribonucleic acid) from the complementary DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). GAL genes are required for the proper growth of yeast in galactose medium. The regulation of GAL genes is regulated by the products of GAL4, GAL8, and GAL3 genes. Mutation in these regions may disrupt the process of transcription in yeast.

Answer 7

Chapter 17, Problem 22ESP

(a)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which deletion within the GAL4 gene would affect transcription of the yeast GAL1 gene in the presence of galactose.

Introduction: Transcription is the process of formation of RNA (ribonucleic acid) from the complementary DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). GAL genes are required for the proper growth of yeast in galactose medium. The regulation of GAL genes is regulated by the products of GAL4, GAL8, and GAL3 genes. Mutation in these regions may disrupt the process of transcription in yeast.

Answer 8

(b)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which deletion within the entire GAL3 gene would affect transcription of the yeast GAL1 gene in the presence of galactose.

Introduction: As mentioned in the concept introduction part a.

Answer 9

(b)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which deletion within the entire GAL3 gene would affect transcription of the yeast GAL1 gene in the presence of galactose.

Introduction: As mentioned in the concept introduction part a.

Answer 10

(c)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which deletion of a mutation within the GAL80 gene that blocks the ability of Gal80 protein to interact with Gal3p would affect transcription of the yeast GAL1 gene in the presence of galactose.

Introduction: As mentioned in the concept introduction part a.

Answer 11

(c)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which deletion of a mutation within the GAL80 gene that blocks the ability of Gal80 protein to interact with Gal3p would affect transcription of the yeast GAL1 gene in the presence of galactose.

Introduction: As mentioned in the concept introduction part a.

Answer 12

(d)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which deletion of one of the four UAS_G elements upstream from the GAL1 gene would affect transcription of the yeast GAL1 gene in the presence of galactose.

Introduction: As mentioned in the concept introduction part a.

Answer 13

(d)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which deletion of one of the four UAS_G elements upstream from the GAL1 gene would affect transcription of the yeast GAL1 gene in the presence of galactose.

Introduction: As mentioned in the concept introduction part a.

Answer 14

(e)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which a point mutation in the GAL1 core promoter that alters the sequence of the TATA box would affect transcription of the yeast GAL1 gene in the presence of galactose.

Introduction: As mentioned in the concept introduction part a.

Answer 15

(e)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which a point mutation in the GAL1 core promoter that alters the sequence of the TATA box would affect transcription of the yeast GAL1 gene in the presence of galactose.

Introduction: As mentioned in the concept introduction part a.

Answer 16

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Answer 17

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 18

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Answer 19

Ch. 17 - Cancer cells often have abnormal patterns of...Ch. 17 - The hormone estrogen converts the estrogen...Ch. 17 - Each year in the United States, there are over...Ch. 17 - Prob. 2CS Ch. 17 - Each year in the United States, there are over...Ch. 17 - HOW DO WE KNOW? In this chapter, we focused on how...Ch. 17 - CONCEPT QUESTION Review the Chapter Concepts list...Ch. 17 - What features of eukaryotes provide additional...Ch. 17 - Provide a definition of chromatin remodeling, and...Ch. 17 - Describe the organization of the interphase...

Solution Summary: The author explains that GAL4 acts as a regulatory system and requires the induction of galactose in yeast.

Concept explainers

Videos

To determine: The way by which deletion within the entire GAL3 gene would affect transcription of the yeast GAL1 gene in the presence of galactose.

Introduction: As mentioned in the concept introduction part a.

To determine: The way by which deletion of a mutation within the GAL80 gene that blocks the ability of Gal80 protein to interact with Gal3p would affect transcription of the yeast GAL1 gene in the presence of galactose.

Introduction: As mentioned in the concept introduction part a.

To determine: The way by which deletion of one of the four UAS_G elements upstream from the GAL1 gene would affect transcription of the yeast GAL1 gene in the presence of galactose.

Introduction: As mentioned in the concept introduction part a.

To determine: The way by which a point mutation in the GAL1 core promoter that alters the sequence of the TATA box would affect transcription of the yeast GAL1 gene in the presence of galactose.

Introduction: As mentioned in the concept introduction part a.

Want to see the full answer?

Chapter 17 Solutions

Solution Summary: The author explains that GAL4 acts as a regulatory system and requires the induction of galactose in yeast.

Concept explainers

Videos

To determine: The way by which deletion within the entire GAL3 gene would affect transcription of the yeast GAL1 gene in the presence of galactose. Introduction: As mentioned in the concept introduction part a.

To determine: The way by which deletion of a mutation within the GAL80 gene that blocks the ability of Gal80 protein to interact with Gal3p would affect transcription of the yeast GAL1 gene in the presence of galactose. Introduction: As mentioned in the concept introduction part a.

To determine: The way by which deletion of one of the four UASG elements upstream from the GAL1 gene would affect transcription of the yeast GAL1 gene in the presence of galactose. Introduction: As mentioned in the concept introduction part a.

To determine: The way by which a point mutation in the GAL1 core promoter that alters the sequence of the TATA box would affect transcription of the yeast GAL1 gene in the presence of galactose. Introduction: As mentioned in the concept introduction part a.

Want to see the full answer?

Chapter 17 Solutions

To determine: The way by which deletion within the entire GAL3 gene would affect transcription of the yeast GAL1 gene in the presence of galactose.

Introduction: As mentioned in the concept introduction part a.

To determine: The way by which deletion of a mutation within the GAL80 gene that blocks the ability of Gal80 protein to interact with Gal3p would affect transcription of the yeast GAL1 gene in the presence of galactose.

Introduction: As mentioned in the concept introduction part a.

To determine: The way by which deletion of one of the four UAS_G elements upstream from the GAL1 gene would affect transcription of the yeast GAL1 gene in the presence of galactose.

Introduction: As mentioned in the concept introduction part a.

To determine: The way by which a point mutation in the GAL1 core promoter that alters the sequence of the TATA box would affect transcription of the yeast GAL1 gene in the presence of galactose.

Introduction: As mentioned in the concept introduction part a.