Chapter 16, Problem 75A

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The density of the antifreeze mixture that freezes at $-{25}^{\circ }\text{C}$ is to be calculated.

Concept Introduction: The temperature at which a liquid transforms into a solid when cooled is known as the freezing point. The mass of a substance per unit of volume is known as its density.

Answer to Problem 75A

The density of the antifreeze mixture that freezes at $-{25}^{\circ }\text{C}$ is $\text{1}\text{.14}{\text{g/cm}}^{\text{3}}$ .

Explanation of Solution

With the help of a graph, the required data are interpreted.

The density of the mixture that freezes at $-{25}^{\circ }\text{C}$ is $\text{1}\text{.14}{\text{g/cm}}^{\text{3}}$ .

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The freezing point of a mixture that has a density of $1.06$ is to be calculated.

Concept Introduction: The temperature at which a liquid transforms into a solid when cooled is known as the freezing point. The mass of a substance per unit of volume is known as its density.

Answer to Problem 75A

The freezing point of a mixture that has a density of $1.06$ is $-{6.5}^{\circ }\text{C}$ .

Explanation of Solution

With the help of a graph, the required data are interpreted.

The freezing point of the mixture that a density of $1.06$ is $-{6.5}^{\circ }\text{C}$ .

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The freezing point of a mixture that is $30\%$ by mass of ethylene glycol is to be calculated.

Concept Introduction: The temperature at which a liquid transforms into a solid when cooled is known as the freezing point. The mass of a substance per unit of volume is known as its density.

Answer to Problem 75A

The freezing point of a mixture that is $30\%$ by mass of ethylene glycol is $-{9.5}^{\circ }\text{C}$ .

Explanation of Solution

With the help of a graph, the required data are interpreted.

On the graph, A represents 20% (EG) by mass and B represents 40% (EG) by mass.

The mixture that has a mass of 30% is in between A and B freezing points in the graph.

So, the freezing point is $-{9.5}^{\circ }\text{C}$ .