Chapter 16, Problem 116A

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The type of chemical reaction, ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\left(g\right)+{\text{Cl}}_2\left(g\right)\to 2\text{HCl}\left(g\right)$ is to be determined.

Concept Introduction: When two or more chemical elements combine to form a single chemical compound, the reaction is referred to as a combination reaction.

Answer to Problem 116A

The reaction is an example of a combination reaction.

Explanation of Solution

In the reaction,

  ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\left(g\right)+{\text{Cl}}_2\left(g\right)\to 2\text{HCl}\left(g\right)$

The two elements ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}$ and ${\text{Cl}}_2$ combine to form a single chemical compound $\text{HCl}$ , hydrogen chloride gas. So, the given chemical reaction is an example of a combination reaction.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The type of chemical reaction ${\text{2H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(l\right)\to {\text{O}}_2\left(g\right)\text{+ }2{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\left(g\right)$ .

Concept Introduction: The reaction which involves the decomposition of a single chemical compound into two or more simple fragments is defined as a decomposition reaction.

Answer to Problem 116A

The reaction is an example of a decomposition reaction.

Explanation of Solution

In the reaction,

  ${\text{2H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(l\right)\to {\text{O}}_2\left(g\right)\text{+ }2{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\left(g\right)$

The water, ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}$ , undergoes decomposition to produce two simple elements oxygen and hydrogen. So, the reaction is an example of a decomposition reaction.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The type of chemical reaction, $\text{2K}\left(s\right)+{\text{2H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(g\right)\to 2\text{KOH}\left(aq\right)+{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\left(g\right)$ is to be found out.

Concept Introduction: Hydrolysis is a chemical reaction that involves the introduction of water. Water then reacts with the corresponding element or compound to form different compounds, especially hydroxides.

Answer to Problem 116A

The reaction is an example of a hydrolysis reaction.

Explanation of Solution

In the reaction,

  $\text{2K}\left(s\right)+{\text{2H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(g\right)\to 2\text{KOH}\left(aq\right)+{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\left(g\right)$

Here, potassium and water react together to form a new compound potassium hydroxide. Hydrogen gas is also produced as a byproduct. So, the reaction is an example of a hydrolysis reaction.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The type of chemical reaction ${\text{C}}_{\text{2}}{\text{H}}_{\text{6}}{\text{O+3O}}_{\text{2}}\to 2{\text{CO}}_{\text{2}}+3{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}$ is to be found out.

Concept Introduction: The chemical reaction that involves the reaction with oxygen is referred to as a combustion reaction. This type of chemical reaction results in the formation of a tremendous amount of energy.

Answer to Problem 116A

The given reaction is an example of a combustion reaction.

Explanation of Solution

The reaction,

  ${\text{C}}_{\text{2}}{\text{H}}_{\text{6}}{\text{O+3O}}_{\text{2}}\to 2{\text{CO}}_{\text{2}}+3{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}$

It involves a reaction with oxygen. So, it is an example of a combustion reaction.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The type of chemical reaction, $\text{2KBr}\left(aq\right)+{\text{Cl}}_{\text{2}}\left(aq\right)\to 2\text{KCl}\left(aq\right)+\text{Br}\left(aq\right)$ is to be found out.

Concept Introduction: The chemical reactions which it involves the displacement of a particular atom with another atom is referred to as displacement reaction.

Answer to Problem 116A

The given reaction is an example of a displacement reaction.

Explanation of Solution

The reaction,

  $\text{2KBr}\left(aq\right)+{\text{Cl}}_{\text{2}}\left(aq\right)\to 2\text{KCl}\left(aq\right)+\text{Br}\left(aq\right)$

It involves the displacement of bromine with a chlorine atom. So, it is an example of a displacement reaction.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The type of chemical reaction, $\text{2Pb}{\left({\text{NO}}_3\right)}_2\left(aq\right)+2\text{NaCl}\left(aq\right)\to {\text{PbCl}}_2\left(s\right)+{\text{NaNO}}_3\left(aq\right)$ is to be found out.

Concept Introduction: The reaction that involves the formation of an insoluble salt or precipitate by the combination of two ionic compounds is referred to as a precipitation reaction.

Answer to Problem 116A

The given reaction is an example of a precipitation reaction.

Explanation of Solution

The reaction,

  $\text{2Pb}{\left({\text{NO}}_3\right)}_2\left(aq\right)+2\text{NaCl}\left(aq\right)\to {\text{PbCl}}_2\left(s\right)+{\text{NaNO}}_3\left(aq\right)$

It involves the formation of a precipitate, ${\text{PbCl}}_2$ by the reaction of the two ionic compounds $\text{Pb}{\left({\text{NO}}_3\right)}_2$ and $\text{NaCl}$ . So, the reaction is an example of a precipitation reaction.