Biochemistry: Concepts and Connections (2nd Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780134641621
Author: Dean R. Appling, Spencer J. Anthony-Cahill, Christopher K. Mathews
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 16, Problem 3P
Calculate the number of ATPs generated by the complete
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See the oligopeptide below. Compare the quantities of high energy molecules (e.g. ATP/ADP/AMP, NAD+/NADH, NADP+/NADH, FAD/FADH2, FMN/FMNH2, etc.) absorbed and produced throughout their catabolism — from absorption to ATP synthesis. What is the net ATP yield from the chosen glucogenic and ketogenic amino acid breakdown?
Compare the ATP yield from the complete oxidation of glucose, a sixcarbon carbohydrate, and hexanoic acid, a six-carbon fatty acid. Hexanoic acid is also called caprioic acid and is responsible for the “aroma” of goats. Why are fats better fuels than carbohydrates?
Consider fatty acids from the hydrolysis of the given TAG in a liver cell where amino acid and nucleotide biosynthesis is very active
For each fatty acid given, determine the following.
Gross ATP from b-oxidation cycles
Gross ATP from acetyl CoA produced
Gross ATP from conversion of propionyl CoA (if applicable)
Total number of ATP deducted
Total net ATP
Chapter 16 Solutions
Biochemistry: Concepts and Connections (2nd Edition)
Ch. 16 - Prob. 1PCh. 16 - If palmitic acid is subjected to complete...Ch. 16 - Calculate the number of ATPs generated by the...Ch. 16 - Prob. 4PCh. 16 - Prob. 5PCh. 16 - Under conditions where ketone bodies are being...Ch. 16 - Prob. 7PCh. 16 - 2-Bromopalmitoyl-CoA inhibits the oxidation of...Ch. 16 - When the identical subunits of chicken liver fatty...Ch. 16 - Prob. 10P
Ch. 16 - Prob. 11PCh. 16 - Prob. 12PCh. 16 - Prob. 13PCh. 16 - Prob. 14PCh. 16 - Prob. 15PCh. 16 - What would be the effect on fatty acid synthesis...Ch. 16 - Prob. 17PCh. 16 - Identify and briefly discuss each mechanism...Ch. 16 - Prob. 19PCh. 16 - Prob. 20PCh. 16 - Prob. 21PCh. 16 - Prob. 22PCh. 16 - Prob. 23PCh. 16 - 24. If mevalonate labeled with 14C in the carboxyl...Ch. 16 - Prob. 25PCh. 16 - Identify a pathway for utilization of the four...Ch. 16 - Prob. 27PCh. 16 - cis-Vaccenate is an 18-carbon unsaturated fatty...Ch. 16 - 29. Briefly describe how cyclic AMP controls...Ch. 16 - Prob. 30PCh. 16 - Prob. 31PCh. 16 - In addition to the pathway described in Figure...Ch. 16 - Prob. 33P
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- What will be the approximate energy yield through aerobic metabolism, of a 16-carbon fatty acid? Describe each of the major major reactions involved. Identify the important molecules produced by each reaction, and how the total energy yield is determined.arrow_forwardHow many ATP are produced from a triglyceride containing three 14 carbon fatty acids? NOTE: Assume that glycerol is converted to Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate (step 6 of glycolysis).arrow_forwardCalculate the total ATP produced by the complete oxidation of a triglyceride composed of three palmitic acids in the liver. Be sure to indicate the specific steps involved and their corresponding ATP (or ATP equivalent).arrow_forward
- How many total (NOT NET) molecules of ATP are synthesized from ADP via glycolysis of a single molecule of glucose? Explain by detailing the reactions (steps) involved.arrow_forwardupon digestion of starch maltose, one of its degradation products is further hydrolyzed into its monosaccharide components prior to intestinal absorption and entry into the glycolysis. calculate the number of ATP molecules produced from the digestion and complete oxidation of 1 molecule of maltose considering the glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle. question: 9. what is the total number of net ATP molecules produced after complete oxidation?arrow_forwardCalculate the ATP yield from complete oxidation of maltose by the reaction of glycolysis, citric acid cycle, electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation.arrow_forward
- Consider a 17:0 fatty acid in a mammalian cell where propionyl CoA is completely oxidized. For each fatty acid given, determine the following. Gross ATP from b-oxidation cycles Gross ATP from acetyl CoA produced Gross ATP from conversion of propionyl CoA (if applicable) Total number of ATP deducted Total net ATParrow_forwardCalculate the energy savings (in ATP molecules per glucose monomer)achieved by breaking down glycogen by phosphorolysis rather thanhydrolysis to begin the process of glycolysis.arrow_forwardUpon digestion of starch, isomaltose (an isomer of maltose), one of its degradation products, is further hydrolyzed into its monosaccharide components prior to intestinal absorption and entry into the glycolysis. Calculate the number of ATP molecules produced from the digestion and complete oxidation of 4 molecules of isomaltose considering the glycerol 3-phosphate shuttle. Answer the following items using numerical value only (e.g. 1, not "1 ATP") which will help you arrive at the final answer for this question. a. Total number of glucose molecules entering glycolysis: b. Total number of pyruvate molecules produced at the end of glycolysis: c. Total number of mitochondrial NADH produced after pyruvate is acted upon by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex: d. Total number of CO, released right after the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex reaction: e. Total number of acetyl CoA molecules entering the citric acid cycle:arrow_forward
- upon digestion of starch maltose, one of its degradation products is further hydrolyzed into its monosaccharide components prior to intestinal absorption and entry into the glycolysis. calculate the number of ATP molecules produced from the digestion and complete oxidation of 1 molecule of maltose considering the glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle. question: 1. what is the total number of glucose molecules entering glycolysis?arrow_forwardCalculate the ATP yield from oxidation of palmitic acid, taking into account the energy needed to activate the fatty acid and transport it into mitochondria. Do the same for stearic acid, linoleic acid, and oleic acid.arrow_forwardThe removal of fatty acids from triacylglycerols leaves glycerol. Show how the actions of glycerol kinase and glycerol-3-phosphatedehydrogenase on glycerol produce an intermediate of glycolysis.arrow_forward
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