Microbiology: An Evolving Science (Fourth Edition)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780393615098
Author: John W. Foster, Joan L. Slonczewski
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
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Chapter 1.5, Problem 1TQ
Summary Introduction
To review:
The classification of Archaea as a third domain of life and the arguments supporting the classification of Archaea and bacteria together as prokaryotes.
Introduction:
Three domain systems of biological classification was developed by Carl Woese. According to this system, organisms are classified into Archaea, bacteria, and eukarya. It specifically stresses the division of prokaryotes into two classes that were initially called eubacteria (bacteria) and archaebacteria (Archaea).
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Why were Archaea originally thought to be simply unusual forms of Bacteria? What lines of evidence showed this domain to form a distinct branch on the tree of life?
Which of the following statements is correct for archaea?(a) Archaea resemble eukaryotes in all respects.(b) Archaea have some novel features that are absent inother prokaryotes and eukaryotes.(c) Archaea completely differ from both prokaryotes andeukaryotes.(d) Archaea completely differ from prokaryotes
Please try to break the solutions into as many steps as practically possible and the steps should come one by one and they should be short and crisp and plagiarism-free.
Some prokaryotes, especially archaea, are capable of living in extreme environments, such as deep-sea vents, where temperatures can reach 80°C (176°F). Few organisms can survive at this temperature. What adaptations might archaea possess that allow them to survive in such extreme heat?
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Microbiology: An Evolving Science (Fourth Edition)
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- All of the following statements are true about the3-domain classification system EXCEPT:(a) The three domains are Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.(b) Lateral gene transfer has forced us to rethink our do-main model from a “tree of life” to a “shrub of life.”(c) Domains are higher than the category of kingdoms.(d) Compared to Bacteria, Archaea inhabit the same en-virons and have the same amount of peptidoglycan intheir cell walls.(e) All of the above are true.arrow_forwardHow do bacteria and archaea differ from each other? Contrast prokaryotic cells with eukaryotic cells.arrow_forwardIn the domain system of classification, prokaryotes are divided into two domains: Bacteria and Archaea. The two domains differ in all BUT one feature. Which feature do they have in common? Question options: They both have identical cell walls. They both have prokaryotic cells. They both thrive in extreme environments. They both are able to live only under anaerobic conditions.arrow_forward
- There are three main ways that bacteria and archaea are essential to eukaryotic life. Explain the three different ways and give at least one example of each.arrow_forwardWhat features are similar between Archaea and Eukarya?arrow_forwardWhat features are similar between Bacteria and Eukarya?arrow_forward
- Despite many interesting characteristics and features observed in Archaea, why is there not much study about these organisms?arrow_forwardSelect the choice that identifies the organism described in the following statement: The organism is heterotrophic, has cells with cell walls, and is a eukaryote. Question 24 options: a) Archaea b) Fungi c) The protist called an amoeba d) Plantaearrow_forwardHow many species of Bacteria and Archaea have been named?How many likely exist?arrow_forward
- 19) Which of the trees in this figure groups the domains according to similarities in cellular size and architecture? A) A B) B C) C D) D Bacteria Eukarya Archaea Bacteria Archaea Eukarya Bacteria Eukarya Archaea Eukarya Archaea Bacteriaarrow_forwardWhich of the following is true regarding the diversity of life ? a) Domain Archaea does not contain any disease-causing organisms. b) Bacteria can vary greatly in size and range up to 700 µm in length Microbial Eukarya may have first arisen two billion years ago, well before fungi, plants c) animal d) All of the above are true 7:33 /arrow_forward What were the earliest forms of life on Earth? What was the energy source for the earliest form of life on earth? What are the earliest records of life on Earth? What is able to grow and thrive under conditions that would kill most other organisms (high/low pH, etc)? What are psychrophiles? Describe radioresistant prokaryotes and their habitat preferences. Who developed postulates to identify disease-causing organisms? What percent of bacteria and archaea cannot be cultured? Describe the viable-but-not-culturable state of prokaryotes. Describe planktonic prokaryotes. Why do biofilms form? What holds biofilms together? Structure of Prokaryotes Describe the nucleoid. Describe conjugation. What happens during binary fission? What are cell walls of prokaryotes primarily composed of? What structure of Archaea is different from other domains of life? What is the Bacteria division into two groups based on? Prokaryotic Metabolism Which macronutrient is…arrow_forward
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