Microbiology: An Evolving Science (Fourth Edition)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780393615098
Author: John W. Foster, Joan L. Slonczewski
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
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Chapter 14, Problem 6RQ
Summary Introduction
To review:
The role of substrate dehydrogenase, the quinones, and the cytochrome oxidase in the respiratory ETS.
Introduction:
The respiratory electron transport system (ETS) receives electrons from the NADH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydrogen) as well as FADH2 (flavin adenine dinucleotide dihyrogen) and helps in transferring electrons to oxygen for the production of water. In aerobic respiration, the electron transport chain is the last component. It is part of the glucose
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Provide a simplified schematic presentation of mitochondrial β-oxidation. Include activation, mitochondrial transportation, important coenzymes and enzyme names. (Note that you can simply provide intermediate names or abbreviations here and not structures).
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Chapter 14 Solutions
Microbiology: An Evolving Science (Fourth Edition)
Ch. 14.1 - Prob. 1TQCh. 14.1 - Prob. 2TQCh. 14.2 - Prob. 1TQCh. 14.2 - Prob. 2TQCh. 14.2 - Prob. 3TQCh. 14.3 - Prob. 1TQCh. 14.3 - Prob. 2TQCh. 14.3 - Prob. 3TQCh. 14.4 - Prob. 1TQCh. 14.5 - Prob. 1TQ
Ch. 14.5 - Prob. 2TQCh. 14.6 - Prob. 1TQCh. 14 - Prob. 1RQCh. 14 - Prob. 2RQCh. 14 - Prob. 3RQCh. 14 - Prob. 4RQCh. 14 - Prob. 5RQCh. 14 - Prob. 6RQCh. 14 - Prob. 7RQCh. 14 - Prob. 8RQCh. 14 - Prob. 9RQCh. 14 - Prob. 10RQCh. 14 - Prob. 11RQCh. 14 - Prob. 1TQCh. 14 - Prob. 2TQCh. 14 - Prob. 3TQCh. 14 - Prob. 4TQ
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- Provide a simplified schematic presentation (metabolic map) of mitochondrial beta-oxidation. Include activation, mitochondrial transportation, important coenzymes and enzyme names. (Note that you can simply provide intermediate names here and not structures).arrow_forwardConsider the steps of the krebs cycle and electron carrier chain and answer: a) How many ATPs are produced from 10 Pyruvato molecules? b) How many ATPs are produced from 12 Acetyl CoA molecules?arrow_forwardThe “bridge reaction”, using pyruvate dehydrogenase, is highly exergonic and is essentially irreversible. Name the 3 outcomes (name any activated carriers produced, name the molecule that is produced from losing one carbon atom from pyruvate, and name any modification to the remaining two carbon compound of interest ) of the separate enzyme activities found within the large dehydrogenase complex.arrow_forward
- Identify the Krebs cycle enzyme that consumes a 3-carbon substrate molecule, producing a 2- carbon product molecule (attached to acetyl-CoA), along with NADH, and one molecule of CO2. succinyl CoA synthetase a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase pyruvate dehydrogenase isocitrate dehydrogenase malate dehydrogenasearrow_forwardConsider oleic acid (18:1D9): How many rounds of beta oxidation will omit the enzyme acyl-CoA DH?arrow_forwardCytochrome oxidase and succinate-CoQ oxidoreductase are isolated from mitochondria and are incubated inthe presence of oxygen, along with cytochrome c, coenzyme Q,and succinate. What is the overall oxidation–reduction reactionthat can be expected to take place?arrow_forward
- Why is acetyl-CoA considered a “strategic intermediate” in respiration?arrow_forwardThe diagram on the right compares the O2 uptake activity of mitochondria isolated from cultures of (wt) STHdhQ7/Q7 and mutant STHDHQ111/Q111 striatal neuronal progenitor cells, as introduced in Question 1. Panels A and B be- long to wt mitochondria and Panels C and D be- long to HD mitochondria. The isotonic medium was buffered to pH 7.4 with inorganic phosphate. Respiration is supported initially by addition of py- ruvate (+ malate) at t = 0, followed by additions of ADP (sufficient to consume all of the O2 in the incubation medium), R (rotenone), S (succinate), and O (oligomycin). For Panels A and C, Ca2+ had been added to a concentration of 0.9 µM, Ca2+ 2. B A WT 400 ADP ADP 450 300 - 300 200 Ca2 10 uM 150 100 - C HD 400 ADP R ADP R SO 450 300 - V s Ca2 10 uM 300 200 - 150 100 - while for mitochondria in Panels B and D, had been added to the medium to a final concen- Time 20 min tration of 10 µM, sufficient to require translocation into the mitochondrial matrix by the Ca2+…arrow_forwardHow many moles of ATP are synthesized by adding stearate to TCA through B-oxidation? Why is that? Briefly explain.arrow_forward
- How many protons are shuttled from the matrix to the intermembrane space by the products of the Kreb's Cycle as one molecule of acetyl-CoA and oxaloacetate are converted to one molecule of fumarate?arrow_forwardThe krebs cycle has 8 enzymes: citrate synthase, aconitase, isocitrate dehyrogenase, a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, succinyl –CoA synthease, succinate dehyrogenase, fumarase and malate dehyrogenase. a)Write name the cofactors required by each enzyme reaction. b)For each enzyme determine which of the following deascribes the type of reactions catalyzed: condensation (Carbon-carbon bond formation), dehydration (Loss of water), hydration (addition of water), decarboxylation (loss of CO2), oxidation-reduction; subsrate level phospohorylation; isomerization.arrow_forwardOn what basis can one conclude that the enzyme deficiency is associated with the electrontransfer chain and not with the efficiency of proton translocation for ATP synthesis or translocation ofadenine nucleotides across the inner mitochondrial membrane? Where is the enzyme defect located?arrow_forward
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