Microbiology: An Evolving Science (Fourth Edition)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780393615098
Author: John W. Foster, Joan L. Slonczewski
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
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Chapter 14, Problem 11RQ
Summary Introduction
To review:
1. The differences and common features of photosystem I (PS I) and photosystem II (PS II).
2. The two photosystems combine in the Z pathway.
3. The reason behind the generation of oxygen by the Z pathway while PS I and PS II are not able to do so.
Introduction:
Photosystems are the functional units of photosynthesis that are responsible to carry out absorption and transfer of light energy. Photosystems are of two types, photosystem I and photosystem II. ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is the energy currency of all cells that is produced by these photosystems.
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Excited electrons (and hydrogen ions) in Photosystem 2 go through an electron transport system, but these electrons (and hydrogen ions) must be replaced in the pigments. How are these electrons (and hydrogen ions) replaced? In other words, what is the ultimate origin of these electrons (and hydrogen ions) and what is the important byproduct of the reaction that provides these electrons (and hydrogen ions)?
What is implied about the energyrequirements of photosystems I and II by the fact that there is a difference in the minimum wavelength of light needed for them tooperate (700 nm for photosystem I and 680 nm for photosystem II)?
Identify the chemical basis for ApH and AY across the chloroplast
thylakoid membrane by dragging the descriptions to their targets. Be sure
to notice that the upper arrow iindicates ApH and the lower arrow
indicates ΔΨ.
ATP synthase
complex
H+
N
ADP
+ P₁
Light
energy
ATP
H*N
Photosystem I/II-
Chloroplast
N side
Aus
PN
ApH
T
+
Thylakoid
membrane
HTp
H+p
Lumen
Stroma
P side
Proton
circuit
A
B
High H
concentration
Low positive
charge
High positive
charge
Low H+
concentration
Within the image, identify the types of proton translocation by dragging
each label to its target.
O
XH₂
2H+ + Z
2 H*
ZH₂
O
XH₂
Z
2H+
ZH₂ 2H+
C
A
B
Proton pump
Redox loop
Chapter 14 Solutions
Microbiology: An Evolving Science (Fourth Edition)
Ch. 14.1 - Prob. 1TQCh. 14.1 - Prob. 2TQCh. 14.2 - Prob. 1TQCh. 14.2 - Prob. 2TQCh. 14.2 - Prob. 3TQCh. 14.3 - Prob. 1TQCh. 14.3 - Prob. 2TQCh. 14.3 - Prob. 3TQCh. 14.4 - Prob. 1TQCh. 14.5 - Prob. 1TQ
Ch. 14.5 - Prob. 2TQCh. 14.6 - Prob. 1TQCh. 14 - Prob. 1RQCh. 14 - Prob. 2RQCh. 14 - Prob. 3RQCh. 14 - Prob. 4RQCh. 14 - Prob. 5RQCh. 14 - Prob. 6RQCh. 14 - Prob. 7RQCh. 14 - Prob. 8RQCh. 14 - Prob. 9RQCh. 14 - Prob. 10RQCh. 14 - Prob. 11RQCh. 14 - Prob. 1TQCh. 14 - Prob. 2TQCh. 14 - Prob. 3TQCh. 14 - Prob. 4TQ
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- Provide an overview of photosynthesis by describing the purpose of the light and dark reactions. How do the light and dark reaction contribute to photosynthesis? Describe the products and by products of the light reactions and the general concept of the system. What part of the system does the DCPIP substitute?arrow_forward1) The light reactions begin with sunlight striking a photosystem. Which photosystem is this and what happens to the electrons there? 2) What happens to this first photosystem to prepare it to become activated by additional sunlight? 3) Why are there two different photosystems in the light reactions. 4) Where do these electron reside at the end of the Calvin Cycle (dark reactions)?arrow_forwardAsaparrow_forward
- Choose the CORRECT order of reactions that are conducted by photosystem I. P700 is activated by two photons → two Chl A0 accept two high-energy electrons → one quinone A1 is fully reduced → two electrons are passed on one 4Fe–4S cluster → two molecules of ferredoxin are reduced → ferredoxin–NADP+ reductase takes two protons from the stroma and reduces one NADP+ P680 is activated by two photons → two Chl A0 accept two high-energy electrons → two molecules of ferredoxin are reduced → ferredoxin–NADP+ reductase oxidizes one ferredoxin at a time to reduce FAD to FADH- and then to FADH2 → the proton-motive force is created P700 is activated by a photon → Chl A0 accepts two high-energy electrons → one plastoquinone QA is fully reduced → two electrons are passed on one 4Fe–4S cluster → two molecules of ferredoxin are reduced → ferredoxin–NADP+ reductase takes two protons from the stroma and reduces one FAD P700 is activated by a photon → pheophytin accepts two high-energy electrons →…arrow_forward1. A) For the schematic of a chloroplast shown in the image attached, match the major input and output molecules of photosynthesis to the letters shown. Molecules: CO2, H2O, O2, sugar A: B: C: D: B) In the image attached, the light reactions are shown to take place in the thylakoid. Where specifically do these reactions take place? C) Where does the Calvin cycle take place?arrow_forwardWhich of the following approaches would be the best way to detect the lack of photosystem II in some photosynthetic organisms? Determine whether they have thylakoid membranes. Determine whether they consume CO2 in the dark. Determine whether they produce O2 in the light. Determine the action spectrum for photosynthesis in these organisms.arrow_forward
- In photosynthetic organisms that have two photosystems, a key reason to increase non-cyclic electron flow through photosystem complexes is to:arrow_forwardDescribe the purpose of the light dependent reaction and light independent reaction (carbon fixation reaction) in photosynthesis. In addition, explain how the products of the light dependent reaction are used in the light independent reaction (carbon fixation reaction)arrow_forwardATP is produced by chemiosmosis in photosynthesis". Identify where and how this chemical gradient is formed?how this is driving the ATP synthesis. Mention where the light dependent and light independent reactions of photosynthesis take place along with the functional end product(s) of these two stages. Dark and light reactions of photosynthesis are interconnected, how?arrow_forward
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