Fluid Mechanics: Fundamentals and Applications
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781259696534
Author: Yunus A. Cengel Dr., John M. Cimbala
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 14, Problem 151P
To determine
The power output of the turbine.
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Apply the formulas in designing a hydraulic turbine to select the appropriate type of turbine for the following design considerations:a. Gross head = 200mb. Flow rate = 10m3/s
c. Penstock friction losses = 10% of gross headd. Overall Efficiency = 95%e. Coefficient of velocity, Cv = 0.95f. Peripheral coefficient, Φ = 0.46g. Rotational speed = 3200 rpmCompute Ns and net head to validate the answer. Calculate also the diameter of the turbine wheel.
The original design of a hydraulic turbine has data as follows: flow rate of 1 cumex, effective head of 50 m, and runner diameter of 1.5 m. If the same turbine design is to be used in another application where the available flow is 2.5 cumex and effective head is 75 m, what would be the runner diameter (in meters) for this new application?
Len is asked to design a small water pump for an aquarium. The pump should deliver 18.0 Lpm of water at a net head of 1.6 m at its best efficiency point. A motor that spins at 1200 rpm is available Suppose the pump is modified by attaching a different motor, for which the rpm is 1800 rpm. If the pumps operate at homologous points (namely, at the BEP) for both cases, predict the volume flow rate and net head of the modified pump. Calculate the pump specific speed of the modified pump, and compare to that of the original pump. Discuss.
Chapter 14 Solutions
Fluid Mechanics: Fundamentals and Applications
Ch. 14 - What is the more common term for an...Ch. 14 - What the primary differences between fans,...Ch. 14 - List at least two common examples of fans, of...Ch. 14 - Discuss the primary difference between a porn...Ch. 14 - Explain why there is an “extra” term in the...Ch. 14 - For a turbine, discuss the difference between...Ch. 14 - Prob. 7CPCh. 14 - Prob. 8PCh. 14 - Prob. 9PCh. 14 - Prob. 10CP
Ch. 14 - There are three main categories of dynamic pumps....Ch. 14 - For each statement about cow cetrifugal the...Ch. 14 - Prob. 13CPCh. 14 - Consider flow through a water pump. For each...Ch. 14 - Write the equation that defines actual (available)...Ch. 14 - Consider a typical centrifugal liquid pump. For...Ch. 14 - Prob. 17CPCh. 14 - Consider steady, incompressible flow through two...Ch. 14 - Prob. 19CPCh. 14 - Prob. 20PCh. 14 - Suppose the pump of Fig. P1 4-19C is situated...Ch. 14 - Prob. 22PCh. 14 - Prob. 23EPCh. 14 - Consider the flow system sketched in Fig. PI 4-24....Ch. 14 - Prob. 25PCh. 14 - Repeat Prob. 14-25, but with a rough pipe-pipe...Ch. 14 - Consider the piping system of Fig. P14—24. with...Ch. 14 - The performance data for a centrifugal water pump...Ch. 14 - For the centrifugal water pump of Prob. 14-29,...Ch. 14 - Suppose the pump of Probs. 14-29 and 14-30 is used...Ch. 14 - Suppose you are looking into purchasing a water...Ch. 14 - The performance data of a water pump follow the...Ch. 14 - For the application at hand, the flow rate of...Ch. 14 - A water pump is used to pump water from one large...Ch. 14 - For the pump and piping system of Prob. 14-35E,...Ch. 14 - A water pump is used to pump water from one large...Ch. 14 - Suppose that the free surface of the inlet...Ch. 14 - Calculate the volume flow rate between the...Ch. 14 - Comparing the results of Probs. 14-39 and 14-43,...Ch. 14 - Prob. 45PCh. 14 - The performance data for a centrifugal water pump...Ch. 14 - Transform each column of the pump performance data...Ch. 14 - 14-51 A local ventilation system (a hood and duct...Ch. 14 - Prob. 52PCh. 14 - Repeat Prob. 14-51, ignoring all minor losses. How...Ch. 14 - Suppose the one- way of Fig. P14-51 malfunctions...Ch. 14 - A local ventilation system (a hood and duct...Ch. 14 - For the duct system and fan of Prob. 14-55E,...Ch. 14 - Repeat Prob. 14-55E, ignoring all minor losses....Ch. 14 - A self-priming centrifugal pump is used to pump...Ch. 14 - Repeat Prob. 14-60. but at a water temperature of...Ch. 14 - Repeat Prob. 14-60, but with the pipe diameter...Ch. 14 - Prob. 63EPCh. 14 - Prob. 64EPCh. 14 - Prob. 66PCh. 14 - Prob. 67PCh. 14 - Prob. 68PCh. 14 - Prob. 69PCh. 14 - Two water pumps are arranged in Series. The...Ch. 14 - The same two water pumps of Prob. 14-70 are...Ch. 14 - Prob. 72CPCh. 14 - Name and briefly describe the differences between...Ch. 14 - Discuss the meaning of reverse swirl in reaction...Ch. 14 - Prob. 75CPCh. 14 - Prob. 76CPCh. 14 - Prob. 77PCh. 14 - Prob. 78PCh. 14 - Prob. 79PCh. 14 - Prob. 80PCh. 14 - Wind ( =1.204kg/m3 ) blows through a HAWT wind...Ch. 14 - Prob. 82PCh. 14 - Prob. 84CPCh. 14 - A Francis radial-flow hydroturbine has the...Ch. 14 - Prob. 87PCh. 14 - Prob. 88PCh. 14 - Prob. 89PCh. 14 - Prob. 90CPCh. 14 - Prob. 91CPCh. 14 - Discuss which dimensionless pump performance...Ch. 14 - Prob. 93CPCh. 14 - Prob. 94PCh. 14 - Prob. 95PCh. 14 - Prob. 96PCh. 14 - Prob. 97PCh. 14 - Prob. 98PCh. 14 - Prob. 99PCh. 14 - Prob. 100EPCh. 14 - Prob. 101PCh. 14 - Calculate the pump specific speed of the pump of...Ch. 14 - Prob. 103PCh. 14 - Prob. 104PCh. 14 - Prob. 105PCh. 14 - Prob. 106PCh. 14 - Prob. 107EPCh. 14 - Prob. 108PCh. 14 - Prob. 109PCh. 14 - Prob. 110PCh. 14 - Prove that the model turbine (Prob. 14-109) and...Ch. 14 - Prob. 112PCh. 14 - Prob. 113PCh. 14 - Prob. 114PCh. 14 - Prob. 115CPCh. 14 - Prob. 116CPCh. 14 - Prob. 117CPCh. 14 - Prob. 118PCh. 14 - For two dynamically similar pumps, manipulate the...Ch. 14 - Prob. 120PCh. 14 - Prob. 121PCh. 14 - Prob. 122PCh. 14 - Calculate and compare the turbine specific speed...Ch. 14 - Prob. 124PCh. 14 - Prob. 125PCh. 14 - Prob. 126PCh. 14 - Prob. 127PCh. 14 - Prob. 128PCh. 14 - Prob. 129PCh. 14 - Prob. 130PCh. 14 - Prob. 131PCh. 14 - Prob. 132PCh. 14 - Prob. 133PCh. 14 - Prob. 134PCh. 14 - Prob. 135PCh. 14 - A two-lobe rotary positive-displacement pump moves...Ch. 14 - Prob. 137PCh. 14 - Prob. 138PCh. 14 - Prob. 139PCh. 14 - Prob. 140PCh. 14 - Which choice is correct for the comparison of the...Ch. 14 - Prob. 142PCh. 14 - In a hydroelectric power plant, water flows...Ch. 14 - Prob. 144PCh. 14 - Prob. 145PCh. 14 - Prob. 146PCh. 14 - Prob. 147PCh. 14 - Prob. 148PCh. 14 - Prob. 149PCh. 14 - Prob. 150PCh. 14 - Prob. 151P
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- Len is asked to design a small water pump for an aquarium. The pump should deliver 18.0 Lpm of water at a net head of 1.6 m at its best efficiency point. A motor that spins at 1200 rpm is available. What kind of pump (centrifugal, mixed, or axial) should Len design? Show all your calculations and justify your choice. Estimate the maximum pump efficiency Len can hope for with this pump.arrow_forwardExplain the basic working principles, main parameters, performance, efficiency, etc., of pumps in your words minimum 200 words, Result Analysis, Discussion & Conclusions From your results, describe the link between flow rate with efficiency, head and power. Discuss the point where the pump is most efficient? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pj7qs2-dvVwarrow_forwardA proposed hydro-electric power plant has the following data:Elevation of normal headwater surface = 194 mElevation of normal tailwater surface = 60 mLoss of head due to friction = 6.5 mTurbine discharge at full gate opening = 5 m³/secTurbine efficiency at rated capacity = 90%Turbine is to be connected to a 60 cycle AC generator.Find the number of poles of the generator? ANSWER: 10 polesarrow_forward
- Using the performance curve of pump A given in Example VIc.3.2 (41.5” and 710 rpm) and find: a) total dynamic head of a similar pump (pump B), at peak efficiency, having a diameter of 35 inches. Assume that both pumps A and B are operating at the same speed. b) pump head if pump B is now operating at 1170 rpm. [Ans.: a) H = 192 ft and b) H = 521.5 ft].arrow_forwardFrom a very large tank with an absolute pressure of 3 bar, the water is discharged to the atmosphere by means of 2 smooth pipes of 100 m length, 1 m and 50 m long, connected in series. The height difference between the water level in the tank and the outlet is 50m, and the diameters of the pipes are 50mm and 100mm, respectively. In addition, a 500kPa turbine is placed on the 2nd Pipe. a) Draw the system roughly, show the dimensions on it.b) Calculate the exit velocity of the water from the 2nd pipe, ignoring the local losses.arrow_forwardA hydroelectric generation facility has a gross head of 120 m and a consistent yearlong water flow rate of 20 m3/s. The route the facility selected to direct the water to the turbines will require a 1200 m long pipeline. The installed turbines require an intake speed of at least 5 m/s to generate the rated power. If the facility has hired you as a consultant to design the pipeline and they told you that they will only tolerate a head loss of only 10 meters. What will be the diameter and the material (best option) of the pipeline that you will recommend the facility to install? Consider an average water temperature of 10 °C throughout the pipeline.arrow_forward
- A pump is needed to drain an excavation at a construction site. The excavation has alength of 50m, width of 50m, and a depth of 4m. The surface of the water in the excavation lies at adepth, H=3m, from the top the of the excavation. An old, radial flow, 1000W pump is immediatelyavailable for use; however, the total pump-motor efficiency, e, is only 50%. Estimate the drawdown inthe excavation in the first 4 hours of pumping. Neglect the change in H with increasing time. Neglectany head loss in the hose/pipe connected to the pump. (Hint: utilize the Pout equation, consider analternative definition of discharge as a change in volume over a change in time). Assume a specificweight of 9.79kN/m 3 .arrow_forwardB-A pump has the following parameters N=2133.5 RPM, Ns = 40 RPM, D= 37.1 cm and is used to pump water up to 90 m(H) at maximum efficiency operation: write the answer only (a) At what speed should the pump be operated to pump water up to (76 m)? (b) What is the discharge in each case? (c) What is pumping power needed in each case? (d) What is consumed electrical power in each case if max = 90%? e- A pump discharges liquid at the rate of Q against a head of H. If specific weight of the liquid is w, find the expression for the pumping power.arrow_forwardIt is required to construct a hydraulic turbine (inward Francis type) for a hydraulic power plant to operate under the following conditions: rotating speed N = 110 rpm, discharge Q = 11 m3/s, the radial velocity at the inlet Cr1 = 2 m/s, the radial velocity at exit Cr2 = 9.5 m/s and the physical data are: the outside diameter D1 = 4.5 m, the absolute inlet angle a1 = 15°, the absolute exit angle a2 = 90° (radial flow at exit). Assume that the potential energy is constant (Z1 = Z2), the pressure head at exit equal 6 m, the hydraulic losses are 2 m, and no draft tube. Calculate the following: A) The Head subjected on the turbine in meters. B) The specific speed. 39.4 19.7 78.8 142.0 2.9 2.9 19.7 78.8 142.0 39.4 C) The pressure head at entrance in kg/cm2. D) It is required to construct a prototype to predict the actual machine performance, the assumed outside diameter D2 of the prototype was 0.3 m and the hydraulic circuit in the laboratory has the following specification: Available head…arrow_forward
- A hydro-electric power station has reservoir area of 2.4 km2 and capacity 5 x 106 M3.The effective head of water is 100M.The penstock, turbine and generator efficiencies are respectively 95%,90% and 85%.Find;(i) The total electrical energy that can be generated from the power station.(ii)If a load of 15,000 kw has been supplied for 3hrs, find the fall in reservoir level.arrow_forwardAn aqueduct is required to supply water to the community.Data: Families = 12 Average members per family = 3 people Breakfast, lunch and dinner = 15 total liters / family Showers = 10lt / person, one daily shower Kitchen wash = 13lts / day Total distance of the pipeline to the storage tank = 1200 meters Total height H from the pump point to delivery to the tank = 70 meters Determine: Estimation of the total volume of the recommended tank, an autonomy of at leas 2 days of storage. It is required to propose a pump that allows at least filling the tank between 5 to 12 hours operation, it must include details of the pump, as well as its curve Image: schematic detail of the proposed systemarrow_forwardConsider a desired pump operating condition which adds 35 psi at a flow rate of 500 gpa to water. Ignore any changes in Kinetic or potential energy and assume isothermal flow (ie. Internal energy is constant, this is normal assumption we make when analyzing fluid flows in piping systems). Apply the energy balance only across the pump starting with full energy balance and simplifying to solve for the pump head symbolically. Then begin careful of unit, solve for pump head in feet. Given erosion 500 gpm P=62 lbs/ft^3 A- 10.5 ft B- 100.8 ft C- 50.1 ft D-80.7 ftarrow_forward
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