Biology
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781260487947
Author: BROOKER
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 12, Problem 10TY
Summary Introduction
Introduction: The initiation of translation requires the binding of the complementary mRNA codon with the anticodon of the tRNA. Hence, tRNA serves as the translator of various codons into the amino acid. The amino acid synthesis begins with the binding of tRNA with mRNA at three sites. The elongation stage of translation is followed by the termination phase of the translation.
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Students have asked these similar questions
What factors are utilized by the cell in order to recognize the stop codon and disassemble the translation machinery?
A. elongation factors
B. release factors
C. transcription factors
D. initiation factors
E. mRNA factors
If a tRNA has an anticodon with the sequence 5′-CAG-3′, which amino acid does it carry?
a. Aspartic acid c. Leucine
b. Valine d. Glutamine
The AUC and AUA codons in mRNA both specify isoleucine. What feature of the genetic code explains this? a. complementarity b. nonsense codons c. universality d. degeneracy
Chapter 12 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 12.1 - What disease would result if a person inherited...Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 12.1 - What is the direction of flow of genetic...Ch. 12.2 - Core Skill: Connections Look back at the role of...Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 12.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 12.4 - Prob. 1EQCh. 12.4 - Prob. 2EQCh. 12.4 - Prob. 3EQCh. 12.5 - Core Skill: Connections Look back at Figure 6.3,...
Ch. 12.5 - Prob. 2CSCh. 12.6 - Prob. 1CCCh. 12 - Which of the following best represents the central...Ch. 12 - A mutation prevents a gene from being transcribed...Ch. 12 - Prob. 3TYCh. 12 - Prob. 4TYCh. 12 - If a eukaryotic mRNA failed to have a cap attached...Ch. 12 - Prob. 6TYCh. 12 - Prob. 7TYCh. 12 - During the initiation of translation, the first...Ch. 12 - Prob. 9TYCh. 12 - Prob. 10TYCh. 12 - Prob. 1CQCh. 12 - Prob. 2CQCh. 12 - Prob. 3CQCh. 12 - Prob. 1COQCh. 12 - Prob. 2COQ
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- What is the correct tRNA anti-codon sequence for the AUG mRNA sequences? a. UGA b. UAC c. CAU d. AUGarrow_forwardWhat is the genetic code? a. The relationship between a three-base codon sequence and an amino acid or the end of translation b. The entire base sequence of an mRNA molecule c. The entire sequence from the promoter to the terminator of a gene d. The binding of tRNA to mRNAarrow_forwardWhich of these features is found in eukaryotes but not bacteria?a. polygene mRNAs b. introns c. stop codon d. AUG codonarrow_forward
- A polypeptide is composed of 4 amino acids. How many nucleotide bases on an mRNA strand are necessary to code for the complete making of this polypeptide from initiation to termination? Be sure to include the "start" and "stop" codons. a. 18 b. 15 c. 12 d. 4arrow_forwardA particular tRNA is mutated so that the amino acid attachment cannot bind with the aminoacyl-tRNA synthase. What happens when an mRNA transcript contains the codon for this tRNA? A. The tRNA will not bind to this codon. B. Translation stops and the protein is released. C The wrong tRNA is added to the protein chain. D. Translation stops and the protein remains bound to the ribosome.arrow_forwardWhich pre-mRNA processing step is important for initiating translation? a. poly-A tail b. RNA editing c. splicing d. 7-methylguanosine caparrow_forward
- Eukaryotes such as humans have linear chromosomes. In order to signal the end of DNA replication, there is a large repetitive sequence of DNA called a telomere. The telomere region of the DNA signals a process called a. detachment b. termination c. elongation d. transcriptionarrow_forwardWhat are the three phases of creating pre-mRNA? a. Initiation, Elongation and Termination b. Replication, Translation and Transliteration c. Initiation, Procession and Graduation d.arrow_forwardRefer to the figure to answer these questions:a. Add labels for mRNA (including the 5′ and 3′ ends) and tRNA. Inaddition, draw in the RNA polymerase enzyme and the ribosomes,including arrows indicating the direction of movement for each.b. What are the next three amino acids to be added to polypeptide b?c. Fill in the nucleotides in the mRNA complementary to thetemplate DNA strand.d. What is the sequence of the DNA complementary to the templatestrand (as much as can be determined from the figure)?e. Does this figure show the entire polypeptide that this geneencodes? How can you tell?f. What might happen to polypeptide b after its release from theribosome?g. Does this figure depict a prokaryotic or a eukaryotic cell? How canyou tell?arrow_forward
- What is the name of the process that adds a modified guanosine nucleotide to the 5’ phosphates of pre-mRNAs in eukaryotes? a. splicing b. polyadenylation c. capping d. nuclear export e. photophosphorylationarrow_forwardHow many mRNA nucleotides does it take to code for a polypeptide that is 30 amino acids long? a. 300 b. 90 c. 30 d. 10arrow_forwardWhat kind of bonds are created between amino acids during the elongation phase of translation? a. covalent phosphodiester bonds O b. ionic bonds c. hydrogen bonds d. covalent peptide bondsarrow_forward
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