Physical Chemistry
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781133958437
Author: Ball, David W. (david Warren), BAER, Tomas
Publisher: Wadsworth Cengage Learning,
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Chapter 10, Problem 10.2E
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The four requirements for any acceptable wave function are to be stated.
Concept introduction:
In
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5. A solution of sucrose is fermented in a vessel until the evolution of CO2 ceases. Then, the
product solution is analyzed and found to contain, 45% ethanol; 5% acetic acid; and 15%
glycerin by weight.
If the original charge is 500 kg, evaluate;
e. The ratio of sucrose to water in the original charge (wt/wt).
f. Moles of CO2 evolved.
g. Maximum possible amount of ethanol that could be formed.
h. Conversion efficiency.
i. Per cent excess of excess reactant.
Reactions:
Inversion reaction: C12H22O11 + H2O →2C6H12O6
Fermentation reaction: C6H12O6 →→2C2H5OH + 2CO2
Formation of acetic acid and glycerin: C6H12O6 + C2H5OH + H₂O→ CH3COOH + 2C3H8O3
Show work. don't give Ai generated solution. How many carbons and hydrogens are in the structure?
13. (11pts total) Consider the arrows pointing at three different carbon-carbon bonds in the
molecule depicted below.
Bond B
2°C. +2°C. cleavage
Bond A
•CH3 + 26.← Cleavage
2°C. +
Bond C
+3°C•
CH3 2C
Cleavage
E
2°C. 26.
weakest bond
Intact molecule
Strongest 3°C 20.
Gund
Largest
argest
a. (2pts) Which bond between A-C is weakest? Which is strongest? Place answers in
appropriate boxes.
C
Weakest
bond
A
Produces
Most
Bond
Strongest
Bond
Strongest Gund
produces least stable
radicals
Weakest
Stable radical
b. (4pts) Consider the relative stability of all cleavage products that form when bonds A,
B, AND C are homolytically cleaved/broken. Hint: cleavage products of bonds A, B,
and C are all carbon radicals.
i. Which ONE cleavage product is the most stable? A condensed or bond line
representation is fine.
13°C. formed in
bound C
cleavage
ii. Which ONE cleavage product is the least stable? A condensed or bond line
representation is fine.
• CH3
methyl radical
Formed in Gund A Cleavage
c.…
Chapter 10 Solutions
Physical Chemistry
Ch. 10 - State the postulates of quantum mechanics...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.2ECh. 10 - State whether the following functions are...Ch. 10 - State whether the following functions are...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.5ECh. 10 - Prob. 10.6ECh. 10 - Evaluate the operations in parts a, b, and f in...Ch. 10 - The following operators and functions are defined:...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.9ECh. 10 - Indicate which of these expressions yield...
Ch. 10 - Indicate which of these expressions yield an...Ch. 10 - Why is multiplying a function by a constant...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.13ECh. 10 - Using the original definition of the momentum...Ch. 10 - Under what conditions would the operator described...Ch. 10 - A particle on a ring has a wavefunction =12eim...Ch. 10 - Calculate the uncertainty in position, x, of a...Ch. 10 - For an atom of mercury, an electron in the 1s...Ch. 10 - Classically, a hydrogen atom behaves as if it were...Ch. 10 - The largest known atom, francium, has an atomic...Ch. 10 - How is the Bohr theory of the hydrogen atom...Ch. 10 - Though not strictly equivalent, there is a similar...Ch. 10 - The uncertainty principle is related to the order...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.24ECh. 10 - Prob. 10.25ECh. 10 - For a particle in a state having the wavefunction...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.27ECh. 10 - A particle on a ring has a wavefunction =eim,...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.29ECh. 10 - Prob. 10.30ECh. 10 - Prob. 10.31ECh. 10 - Normalize the following wavefunctions over the...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.33ECh. 10 - Prob. 10.34ECh. 10 - For an unbound or free particle having mass m in...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.36ECh. 10 - Prob. 10.37ECh. 10 - Prob. 10.38ECh. 10 - Evaluate the expression for the total energies for...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.40ECh. 10 - Verify that the following wavefunctions are indeed...Ch. 10 - In exercise 10.41a, the wavefunction is not...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.43ECh. 10 - Prob. 10.44ECh. 10 - Explain why n=0 is not allowed for a...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.46ECh. 10 - Prob. 10.47ECh. 10 - Prob. 10.48ECh. 10 - Carotenes are molecules with alternating CC and...Ch. 10 - The electronic spectrum of the molecule butadiene,...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.51ECh. 10 - Prob. 10.52ECh. 10 - Show that the normalization constants for the...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.54ECh. 10 - Prob. 10.55ECh. 10 - An official baseball has a mass of 145g. a...Ch. 10 - Is the uncertainty principle consistent with our...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.58ECh. 10 - Prob. 10.59ECh. 10 - Instead of x=0 to a, assume that the limits on the...Ch. 10 - In a plot of ||2, the maximum maxima in the plot...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.62ECh. 10 - Prob. 10.63ECh. 10 - The average value of radius in a circular system,...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.65ECh. 10 - Prob. 10.66ECh. 10 - Prob. 10.67ECh. 10 - Prob. 10.68ECh. 10 - Prob. 10.69ECh. 10 - Assume that for a particle on a ring the operator...Ch. 10 - Mathematically, the uncertainty A in some...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.72ECh. 10 - Prob. 10.73ECh. 10 - Verify that the wavefunctions in equation 10.20...Ch. 10 - An electron is confined to a box of dimensions...Ch. 10 - a What is the ratio of energy levels having the...Ch. 10 - Consider a one-dimensional particle-in-a-box and a...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.78ECh. 10 - Prob. 10.79ECh. 10 - Prob. 10.80ECh. 10 - Prob. 10.81ECh. 10 - What are x,y, and z for 111 of a 3-D...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.83ECh. 10 - Prob. 10.84ECh. 10 - Prob. 10.85ECh. 10 - Prob. 10.86ECh. 10 - Prob. 10.87ECh. 10 - Prob. 10.88ECh. 10 - Substitute (x,t)=eiEt/(x) into the time-dependent...Ch. 10 - Write (x,t)=eiEt/(x) in terms of sine and cosine,...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.91ECh. 10 - Prob. 10.92ECh. 10 - Prob. 10.93ECh. 10 - Prob. 10.95E
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- Hi!! Please provide a solution that is handwritten. Ensure all figures, reaction mechanisms (with arrows and lone pairs please!!), and structures are clearly drawn to illustrate the synthesis of the product as per the standards of a third year organic chemistry course. ****the solution must include all steps, mechanisms, and intermediate structures as required. Please hand-draw the mechanisms and structures to support your explanation. Don’t give me AI-generated diagrams or text-based explanations, no wordy explanations on how to draw the structures I need help with the exact mechanism hand drawn by you!!! I am reposting this—ensure all parts of the question are straightforward and clear or please let another expert handle it thanks!!arrow_forwardHi!! Please provide a solution that is handwritten. Ensure all figures, reaction mechanisms (with arrows and lone pairs please!!), and structures are clearly drawn to illustrate the synthesis of the product as per the standards of a third year organic chemistry course. ****the solution must include all steps, mechanisms, and intermediate structures as required. Please hand-draw the mechanisms and structures to support your explanation. Don’t give me AI-generated diagrams or text-based explanations, no wordy explanations on how to draw the structures I need help with the exact mechanism hand drawn by you!!! I am reposting this—ensure all parts of the question are straightforward and clear or please let another expert handle it thanks!!arrow_forward. (11pts total) Consider the arrows pointing at three different carbon-carbon bonds in the molecule depicted below. Bond B 2°C. +2°C. < cleavage Bond A • CH3 + 26. t cleavage 2°C• +3°C• Bond C Cleavage CH3 ZC '2°C. 26. E Strongest 3°C. 2C. Gund Largest BDE weakest bond In that molecule a. (2pts) Which bond between A-C is weakest? Which is strongest? Place answers in appropriate boxes. Weakest C bond Produces A Weakest Bond Most Strongest Bond Stable radical Strongest Gund produces least stable radicals b. (4pts) Consider the relative stability of all cleavage products that form when bonds A, B, AND C are homolytically cleaved/broken. Hint: cleavage products of bonds A, B, and C are all carbon radicals. i. Which ONE cleavage product is the most stable? A condensed or bond line representation is fine. 人 8°C. formed in bound C cleavage ii. Which ONE cleavage product is the least stable? A condensed or bond line representation is fine. methyl radical •CH3 formed in bund A Cleavagearrow_forward
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