Chemistry for Engineering Students3rd EditionLawrence S. Brown, Tom Holme Publisher: Cengage LearningISBN: 9781285199023
Chemistry for Engineering Students
Solutions for Chemistry for Engineering Students
Problem 3CO:
Draw pictures to illustrate simple chemical phenomena (like the differences among solids, liquids,...Problem 1.1PAE:
Use the web to determine the mass of a steel beverage can from the 1970s and the mass of a modern...Problem 1.3PAE:
Where does the scientific method start? What is the first step?Problem 1.4PAE:
Use the web to determine the amount of aluminum used in the United States in a single year. What is...Problem 1.5PAE:
Use the web to find current prices offered for aluminum for recycling. Is there variation in the...Problem 1.6PAE:
Use the web to determine the differences in the amounts of aluminum recycled in states where there...Problem 1.7PAE:
When we make observations in the laboratory, which perspective of chemistry are we normally using?Problem 1.8PAE:
Which of the following items are matter and which are not? (a) a flashlight, (b) sunlight, (c) an...Problem 1.9PAE:
Which macroscopic characteristics differentiate solids, liquids, and gases? (List as many as...Problem 1.10PAE:
How can a liquid be distinguished from a fine powder? What type of experiment or observation might...Problem 1.11PAE:
Some farmers use ammonia, NHS, as a fertilizer. This ammonia is stored in liquid form. Use the...Problem 1.12PAE:
1.10 Do the terms element and atom mean the same thing? If not, how do they differ?Problem 1.13PAE:
1.11 Label each of the following as either a physical process or a chemical process. (a) rusting of...Problem 1.14PAE:
1.12 Why do physical properties play a role in chemistry if they do not involve any chemical change?Problem 1.15PAE:
1.13 Physical properties may change because of a chemical change. For example, the color of an egg...Problem 1.16PAE:
1.14 Which part of the following descriptions of a compound or element refers to its physical...Problem 1.17PAE:
Use a molecular level description to explain why gases are less dense than liquids or solids.Problem 1.18PAE:
All molecules attract each other to some extent, and the attraction decreases as the distance...Problem 1.19PAE:
1.15 We used the example of attendance at a football game to emphasize the nature of observations....Problem 1.20PAE:
1.16 Complete the following statement: Data that have a small random error but otherwise fall in a...Problem 1.21PAE:
1.17 Complete the following statement: Data that have a large systematic error can still he (a)...Problem 1.22PAE:
1.18 Two golfers are practicing shots around a putting green. Each golfer takes 20 shots. Golfer 1...Problem 1.24PAE:
1.20 Suppose that you are waiting at a corner for a bus. Three different routes pass this particular...Problem 1.25PAE:
1.21 When a scientist looks at an experiment and then predicts the results of other related...Problem 1.26PAE:
1.22 What is the difference between a hypothesis and a question?Problem 1.27PAE:
1.23 Should the words theory and model be used interchangeably in the context of science? Defend...Problem 1.29PAE:
1.25 Describe a miscommunication that can arise because units are not included as part of the...Problem 1.31PAE:
1.27 Identify which of the following units are base units in the SI system: grams, meters, joules,...Problem 1.32PAE:
1.28 What is a “derived” unit?Problem 1.33PAE:
1.29 Rank the following prefixes in order of increasing size of the number they represents : centi-,...Problem 1.34PAE:
1.30 The largest computers now include disk storage space measured in petabytes. How many bytes are...Problem 1.36PAE:
1.32 Use the web to determine how the Btu was initially established. For the engineering...Problem 1.37PAE:
1.33 How many micrograms are equal to one gram?Problem 1.38PAE:
1.34 Convert the value 0.120 ppb into ppm.Problem 1.39PAE:
1.35 How was the Fahrenheit temperature scale calibrated? Describe how this calibration process...Problem 1.40PAE:
Superconductors are materials that have no resistance to the flow of electricity, and they hold...Problem 1.41PAE:
1.37 Express each of the following temperatures in Kelvins. (a) -10.°C, (b) 0.00 °C, (c) 280 °C, (d)...Problem 1.42PAE:
1.38 Express (a) 275 oC in K, (b) 25.55 K in oC, (c) -47.0 oC in oF, and (d) 100 oF in K.Problem 1.43PAE:
1.39 Express each of the following numbers in scientific notation. (a) 62.13, (b) 0.000414, (c)...Problem 1.44PAE:
1.40 How many significant figures are there in each of the following? (a) 0.136 m, (b) 0.0001050 g,...Problem 1.45PAE:
1.41 How many significant figures are present in these measured quantities? (a) 1374 kg, (b) 0.00348...Problem 1.46PAE:
Perform these calculations and express the result with the proper number of significant figures. (a)...Problem 1.47PAE:
1.43 Calculate the following to the correct number of significant figures. Assume that all these...Problem 1.48PAE:
1.44 In an attempt to determine the velocity of a person on a bicycle, an observer uses a stopwatch...Problem 1.49PAE:
1.45 A student finds that the mass of an object is 4.131 g and its volume is 7.1 mL. What density...Problem 1.50PAE:
1.46 Measurements indicate that 23.6% of the residents of a city with a population of 531,314 are...Problem 1.51PAE:
1.47 A student weighs 10 quarters and finds that their total mass is 56.63 grams. What should she...Problem 1.52PAE:
1.48 A rock is placed on a balance and its mass is determined as 12.1 g. When the rock is then...Problem 1.53PAE:
1.49 A package of eight apples has a mass of 1.00 kg. What is the average mass of one apple in...Problem 1.55PAE:
1.51 A person measures 173 cm in height. What is this height in meters? Feet and inches?Problem 1.56PAE:
1.52 The distance between two atoms in a molecule is 148 pm. What is this distance in meters?Problem 1.57PAE:
1.53 Carry out the following unit conversions. (a) 3.47106g to g , (b) 2.73104L to mL, (c) 725 ns to...Problem 1.58PAE:
1.54 Carry out each of the following conversions. (a) 25.2 m to km, (b) 36.3 km to m, (c) 487 kg to...Problem 1.60PAE:
1.56 If a vehicle is travelling 92 m/s, what is its velocity in miles per hour? (0.62 miles=1.00 km)Problem 1.61PAE:
1.57 A load of asphalt weights 245 lb. and occupies a volume of 55.0 L. What is the density of this...Problem 1.62PAE:
1.58 One square mile contains exactly 640 acres. How many square meters are in one acre?Problem 1.63PAE:
1.59 A sample of crude oil has a density of 0.87 g/mL. What volume in liters does a 3.6-kg sample of...Problem 1.65PAE:
1.61 The area of the 48 contiguous states is 3.02106mi2 . Assume that these states are completely...Problem 1.66PAE:
1.62 The dimensions of aluminium foil in a box for sale in supermarkets are 66 yards by 12 inches....Problem 1.68PAE:
1.64 Wire is often sold in pound spools according to the wire gauge number. That number refers to...Problem 1.69PAE:
1.65 An industrial engineer is designing a process to manufacture bullets. The mass of each bullet...Problem 1.70PAE:
1.66 An engineer is working with archaeologists to create a realistic Roman village in a museum. The...Problem 1.73PAE:
1.67 On average, Earth’s crust contains about 8.1 % aluminium by mass. If a standard I 2-ounce soft...Problem 1.75PAE:
1.69 The “Western Stone” in Jerusalem is one of the largest stone building blocks ever to have been...Problem 1.76PAE:
A load of bauxite has a density of 3.15 g/cm3. If the mass of the load is 115 metric tons, how many...Problem 1.82PAE:
Use the web to research the elastic modulus and yield strength of carbon fiber composites. How do...Problem 1.84PAE:
1.84 A student was given two metal cubes that looked similar. One was 1.05 cm on an edge and had a...Problem 1.85PAE:
1.85 Battery acid has a density of 1.285 g/mL and contains 38.0% sulfuric acid by mass. Describe how...Problem 1.86PAE:
1.86 Unfermented grape juice used to make wine is called a ‘must.” The sugar content of the must...Problem 1.87PAE:
1.87 A solution of ethanol in water has a volume of 54.2 mL and a mass of 49.6 g. what information...Problem 1.88PAE:
1.88 Legend has it that Archimedes, a famous scientist of Ancient Greece, was once commanded by the...Browse All Chapters of This Textbook
Chapter 1 - Introduction To ChemistryChapter 2 - Atoms And MoleculesChapter 3 - Molecules, Moles, And Chemical EquationsChapter 4 - StoichiometryChapter 5 - GasesChapter 6 - The Periodic Table And Atomic StructureChapter 7 - Chemical Bonding And Molecular StructureChapter 8 - Molecules And MaterialsChapter 9 - Energy And ChemistryChapter 10 - Entropy And The Second Law Of Thermodynamics
Book Details
Reflecting Cengage Learning's commitment to offering flexible teaching solutions and value for students and instructors, this new hybrid version features the instructional presentation found in the printed text while delivering all the end-of chapter exercises online in OWLv2, the leading online learning system for chemistry. The result--a briefer printed text that engages students online! Help your students improve their grades and understanding of concepts with this value-packed Hybrid Edition. An access code to OWLv2 with MindTap Reader, is included with the text, providing students with powerful online resources that include tutorials, simulations, randomized homework questions, videos, a complete interactive electronic version of the textbook, and more! Enhanced with a remarkable number of new problems and applications, the Third Edition of CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS provides a concise, thorough, and relevant introduction to chemistry that prepares students for further study in any engineering field. Updated with even more questions and applications specifically geared toward engineering students, the book emphasizes the connection between molecular properties and observable physical properties and the connections between chemistry and other subjects studied by engineering students, such as mathematics and physics. This new edition is now fully supported by OWL, the most widely-used online learning system for chemistry.
Sample Solutions for this Textbook
We offer sample solutions for Chemistry for Engineering Students homework problems. See examples below:
The increase in application of the aluminum is due to its properties such as strength,...Chapter 1, Problem 1.46PAEChapter 1, Problem 1.47PAEChapter 1, Problem 1.59PAEChapter 1, Problem 1.89PAEChapter 2, Problem 1CODue to isotopes of an element we cannot define atomic mass of the element. Each isotope is present...Place the ion in proper manner cation first then anion. Formation of cation from calcium atom:...Chapter 2, Problem 2.19PAE
In the periodic table, elements increase in metallic nature when approaching the “left” side of the...Chapter 3, Problem 1COChapter 3, Problem 3.16PAEChapter 3, Problem 3.34PAEChapter 3, Problem 3.35PAEChapter 3, Problem 3.43PAEChapter 3, Problem 3.64PAEChapter 3, Problem 3.65PAEChapter 3, Problem 3.66PAEMolarity is defined as the number of moles of solute in 1 L of solution. The final solution is 0.45...Chapter 3, Problem 3.98PAEChapter 4, Problem 1COChapter 4, Problem 4.7PAEChapter 4, Problem 4.10PAEChapter 4, Problem 4.14PAEChapter 4, Problem 4.15PAEChapter 4, Problem 4.26PAEChapter 4, Problem 4.31PAEChapter 4, Problem 4.49PAEChapter 4, Problem 4.72PAEGiven information: Total mass of Alloy = 7.264 g Total mass of H2(g) released out = 0.3284 g...Chapter 4, Problem 4.87PAEReactions given below take place to result the given products....The physical properties of gases are as follows: The gases have no fixed shape and volume. The...Chapter 5, Problem 5.33PAEChapter 5, Problem 5.43PAEChapter 5, Problem 5.47PAEChapter 5, Problem 5.65PAENo of moles of gas =mass of gas molar mass of CH4 =15.0 g16.0 g/m ( mass of CH4( given)=15.0 g)molar...The ideal gas equation is as follows: PV=nRT Or, PV=(mM) RT Or, M=mRT/PV =( 2.298 g)( 0.0821 atm...Chapter 5, Problem 5.89PAEThus, total number of moles = [0.40+0.50+0.30] mol = 1.20 mol = N1 As given total pressure = P = 740...Step 1: Write the chemical equation The SO2 and O2 react to produce SO3 according to the equation: 2...Chapter 5, Problem 5.103PAEChapter 6, Problem 1COChapter 6, Problem 16COPauli’s exclusion principle and Hund’s rule are useful in writing electronic configurations of atoms...Chapter 6, Problem 6.17PAEλ=( hCE)h=6.634×10−34JsC=3×108m/sE=6.0×10−19J Putting these values in above equation you get λ=(...Chapter 6, Problem 6.42PAEAtomic radius is the distance between center of nucleus and outermost electron shell. Atomic radius...Chapter 6, Problem 6.85PAEChapter 6, Problem 6.86PAEChapter 7, Problem 1COChapter 7, Problem 7.72PAEThe electronic configuration of I is [Kr]4d105s25p5. In the excited state, the configuration becomes...The electronic configuration of P is 3s23p33d0. In the excited state, the configuration becomes...The electronic configuration of Xeis 4d105s25p65d0. In the excited state, the configuration becomes...Chapter 7, Problem 7.76PAEIn the structure of diamond each carbon atom is linked to four other carbon atoms forming a three...1 metric ton of silicon = 106 gm of silicon. On conversion of 106 gm of silicon to moles of silicon,...1 metric ton of silicon = 106 gm of silicon. On conversion of 106 gm of silicon to moles of silicon,...Chapter 9, Problem 1COChapter 9, Problem 9.15PAEChapter 9, Problem 9.16PAEChapter 9, Problem 9.37PAEChapter 9, Problem 9.48PAEChapter 9, Problem 9.52PAEChapter 9, Problem 9.55PAEChapter 9, Problem 9.58PAEChapter 9, Problem 9.79PAEChapter 9, Problem 9.85PAEThe given reaction is: 3CO2(g)+Si3N4(s)→2SiO2(s)+2N2(g)+3C(s) Reaction enthalpy can be calculated...1 barrel of oil can produce 19.5 gallons = 73815.5 mL of gasoline We know, 1 gallon = 3785.41 mL...The causes to obstacles in the recovery and recycling of plastic solid waste in terms of economic,...Based on the thermodynamics third law, ’At absolute zero of temperature, the entropy of every...Chapter 10, Problem 10.47PAEChapter 10, Problem 10.69PAEThe change in Gibbs free energy of a reaction is calculated as follows: ΔG0 = sum of ΔG0 (product) -...Chapter 10, Problem 10.75PAEChapter 10, Problem 10.76PAEChapter 10, Problem 10.84PAEChapter 10, Problem 10.88PAEChapter 10, Problem 10.91PAEChapter 10, Problem 10.101PAEChapter 10, Problem 10.102PAEOzone also formed at ground level but the mechanism and kinetics are very different from that in...Chapter 11, Problem 11.6PAEChapter 11, Problem 11.20PAEChapter 11, Problem 11.24PAEChapter 11, Problem 11.30PAEChapter 11, Problem 11.33PAEChapter 11, Problem 11.35PAEChapter 11, Problem 11.36PAEChapter 11, Problem 11.49PAEGiven Information: The table containing the total pressures in the reaction vessel during the...Chapter 11, Problem 11.57PAEO(g)+N2(g)→NO(g)+ N(g) The rate of the equation for the reaction can be written as follows. R= −k...Chapter 11, Problem 11.70PAE(a) The molar ratio of the reactant molecules, products in balance equation is called stoichiometry....Chapter 12, Problem 1COUsing the formula K = [C]eqc[D]eqd[A]eqa[B]eqb we can calculate the values of equilibrium constants...Chapter 12, Problem 12.36PAEWhen the salt is dissolved in water, it forms the ions. When AgBr is dissolved in water, it...Let solubility of ZnCO3 is 3 then ZnCO 3 ( S ) Zn2+(aq)M C O 3 2− ( aq )M Initial concentration...AgCN(S)⇌Ag+(aq)+CN−(aq)KSP=[Ag+][CN−] Solubility of AgCN is 7.73×10−9M, it means that Concentration...Chapter 12, Problem 12.65PAEChapter 12, Problem 12.67PAECH3COOH(aq)+H2O(l)→CH3COO−(aq)+H3O+(aq) Rate of equilibrium expression...NH3(g)+H2O(l)→NH4+(aq)+OH−(aq) Apply the concept aA+bB⇌cC+dD Rate of equilibrium reaction...The given reaction is as follows:H2(g)+Cl2(g)⇌2HCl(g) First step is to calculate the value of...Here, sulfur dioxide, sodium chloride and water are formed when sodium hydrogen sulfite is reacted...For reaction S(s)+O2(g)⇌SO2(g) Enthalpy change (ΔH0)=ΔHf0[Product]−ΔHf0[Reactants]...There are different types of corrosion: Pitting corrosion: is the most destructive type of...Chapter 13, Problem 3COCell potential in standard condition: Measurement of standard electrode potential of Zn2+/Zn...Chapter 13, Problem 13.26PAEChapter 13, Problem 13.29PAEChapter 13, Problem 13.32PAEIn this reaction, Half-cell reaction at the anode Ga(s)→Ga3+(aq)+3e− Half-cell reaction at the...Chapter 13, Problem 13.39PAEChapter 13, Problem 13.43PAEChapter 13, Problem 13.49PAEChapter 13, Problem 13.104PAEUse the given data to calculate the following: 1st Step: Calculate the total amount of charge...Cosmic rays are divided into mainly three types: galactic cosmic rays, extragalactic cosmic rays and...Because this is an alpha decay, the helium nucleus is ejected with decrease in mass number by 4 and...Atomic numbers of thorium and radium are 90 and 88, respectively. Consider the transformation:...The 232Th radioactive series beginning with 232Th and ending with 208Pb. The sequence occurs as...Given information: The experimentally determined mass of 14C is 14.003242 u. Formula used: E =...Given information: Experimentally determined mass of 7Li is 7.016004 u. Formula used: E = (Δm)c2Δm =...Given information: Experimentally determined mass of 14N is 14.003074 u. Formula used: E = (Δm)c2...Formula used: E = (Δm)c2Δm = Mass defectc = Velocity of light Calculation: Let’s calculate the...92235U+01n→52137Te+4097Zr+201n Apply Einstein’s equation E=Δmc2 Δm= Mass of product − mass of...Write the balanced nuclear reaction. 92235U+01n→3890Sr+54143NP+301n Mass of reactant =mu+mn (putting...The total amount of electrical energy generated by all the nuclear reactors is...Calculating decay constant for A26l as follows: k=0.693t 1 2 k=0.6937.17× 105 yr=9.66×10−7 yr−1 Now,...
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