In the elongation stage of translation, which of the following options is correct? the polypeptide chain grows from the C terminus to the N terminus. O the mRNA is read in a 3'-to-5' direction. O rRNA is catalytically active. O tRNA is catalytically active. O peptidyl transferase activity is catalyzed by a ribosomal protein.

In the elongation stage of translation, which of the following options is correct? the polypeptide chain grows from the C terminus to the N terminus. O the mRNA is read in a 3'-to-5' direction. O rRNA is catalytically active. O tRNA is catalytically active. O peptidyl transferase activity is catalyzed by a ribosomal protein.

Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305251052

Author:Michael Cummings

Publisher:Michael Cummings

Chapter9: Gene Expression And Gene Regulation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 17QP: Given the following mRNA, write the double-stranded DNA segment that served as the template....

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Briefly describe the function of the following in protein synthesis. a. rRNA b. tRNA c. mRNA
Given the following mRNA, write the double-stranded DNA segment that served as the template. Indicate both the 5 and the 3 ends of both DNA strands. Also write out the tRNA anticodons and the amino acid sequence of the protein encoded by the mRNA message. DNA: mRNA: 5-CCGCAUGUUCAGUGGGCGUAAACACUGA-3 protein: tRNA:
Which of the following statements about translation is false? In eukaryotes, the 5' cap and the 3' poly(A) tail are involved in translation initiation. Peptidyl-transferase activity during translation is the property of a ribozyme. A base at the first position of an anticodon on the tRNA would pair with a base at the third position of the mRNA. The growing peptide chain is transferred from the tRNA in the P site to the tRNA in the A site. Ribosomes move along an mRNA in the 3’ → 5' direction.
Which of the following best describes a sequence of events that happens during the elongation phase of translation? Group of answer choices A charged tRNA enters the P site of a ribosome; a tRNA bound to a peptide moves to the A site; an tRNA bound to a peptide exits the E site. None of these is an accurate description A charged tRNA enters the A site of a ribosome; a tRNA bound to a peptide moves to the P site; an uncharged tRNA exits the E site. An uncharged tRNA enters the A site of a ribosome; a tRNA bound to a peptide moves to the P site; a charged tRNA exits the E site. A charged tRNA enters the A site of a ribosome; a tRNA bound to a peptide moves to the E site; an tRNA bound to a peptide exits the A site.
Which of the following is NOT an event associated with translation termination? A stop codon enters the A site on the ribosome. A Release Factor enters the A site A terminal amino acid is added to the polypeptide to signal the end of translation. Release Factor mediates the hydrolysis of the polypeptide from the tRNA at the P site. The polypeptide and tRNA are released and the ribosomal subunits are separated.
Which of the following interactions in E. coli ensures that the start codon of an mRNA is accurately positioned in a ribosome at the initiation of translation? O binding between the mRNA Shine-Dalgarno sequence and ribosomal proteins base-pairing between the mRNA Shine-Dalgarno sequence and rRNA of the small ribosomal subunit O binding between ribosomal proteins and the initiation factor that base-pairs with the start codon O base-pairing between the mRNA Shine-Dalgarno sequence and rRNA of the large ribosomal subunit
Consider this list (below) of steps involved in translation. These steps are out of order. TRANSLATION: 1. the small and large ribosomal sub-units unite2. two amino acids join together.3. another tRNA anti-codon bonds with another mRNA codon 4. an initial tRNA bearing a specific amino acid arrives at the ribosome 5. the process continues until a protein molecule is completed6. at the synthesis site, initial mRNA codons are inserted
Indicate which of the following items are associated with transcription or translation. This could be in prokaryotes or eukaryotes, or both. Group of answer choices: Translation OR Transcription Sigma binds to the promoter mRNA binds to the small ribosomal subunit Spliceosomes remove introns and splice together exons Nucleotides are added from the 5' to 3' end tRNA anticodon binds to the corresponding mRNA codon STOP codon results in termination
Which of the following events would NOT result in ribosomes stalling on an MRNA during translation? The MRNA in a given region is very highly folded, and the ribosome stalls because the RNA structure blocks its movement. O The correct tRNA is scarce because it is not transcribed very much in the prevailing conditions. The ribosome stalls while waiting for one of the scarce tRNAS to diffuse into the A site. O the release tactor enters the A site, decodes a stop codon and transfers an oxxYgen from water to the carboxyl group of the peptidyl-tRNA in the P site, causing stalling O Starvation for amino acids will reduce the amount of amino-acylated (charged) tRNA the ribosome will stall while waiting for a charged tRNA to enter the A site to decode the next codon
The initial step in the protein translation is described by: release of the initiation factors upon assembly of the initiation complex binding of mRNA to the smaller subunit of the ribosome delivery of an aminoacyl-tRNA to the A site of the ribosome formation of the aminoacyl-tRNA
Which of the following statements concerning translation is NOT correct? O b. O c. Polypeptide chain is extended from the C- terminus to the N-terminus. O d. The first codon of protein synthesis is AUG. Prokaryotic transcription and translation are coupled (i.e. they occur almost at the same time and at the same place). O e. Protein synthesis takes place in ribosome. During protein synthesis, the mRNA is read from 5' to 3' direction.
Which of the following does NOT happen during translation initiation? The mRNA binds to the small ribosomal subunit Next, the initiator tRNA binds to mRNA The tRNA’s anticodon binds the mRNA codon The next tRNA enters the ribosome next to the initiator tRNA What ends translation during translation termination? (Circle all that apply) mRNA binds the large ribosomal subunit Stop codon is reached Release factor binds to stop codon Release factor binds to Ribosome