Concept explainers
Interpretation: The name of isopropyl and sec-butyl in
Concept introduction: Systematic way to name different organic compounds is
Rules for nomenclature of
1 The longest continuous carbon chain is identified first and named in accordance with the number of carbon atoms present in it. For example, hydrocarbon with one carbon atom has prefix “meth”, that with two carbon atoms has prefix “eth”, that with three carbon atoms has prefix “prop” and so on. Suffix used for alkanes is “ane.”
2. Substituents attached to the parent carbon chain are to be identified. These are named by removal of single hydrogen atom from carbon chain end and named by replacement of suffix “ane” by “yl.” For example if
3. Carbons of the parent chain are named in such a way that substituents acquire the lowest numbers.
4. If same substituent is present more than one time in the molecule, it is represented by prefix “di”, “tri” and so on. It depends on number of times substituent occurs in molecule.
5. If two or more substituents are present in the molecule, these are named in alphabetical order.
6. If carbon chains of same length exist in the same molecule, chain with the largest number of side chains, followed by lowest number to substituents, chain with the greatest number of carbon atoms in smaller chain and chain with the least branched side chains are preferred over other ones.
7. Prefix “cyclo” is used if cyclic alkane is present in the molecule.
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Organic Chemistry: A Guided Inquiry
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- (Hint! look at the functional group to 16. How do you form the following compound? By ağding and mixing figure out what the structure below is...e.g. carboxylic acid etc). CH H3C CH2 CH2 CH3 A. Carboxylic acid + water B. Ester + water in the presence of acid C. Ester + water in the presence of base O D. Carboxylic acid + alcoholarrow_forwardName the following alkyne. Be sure to use hyphens (-) not endashes (-). CI-arrow_forwardAn oxidation reaction is done on a) 1-hexanol, b) 2-hexanol, c) 3-hexanol, and d) 2- methyl-2-pentanol. Using skeletal structures, draw the END product for each reaction a-d. Use () to surround functional groups and write after the carbon it is bonded, use the equal sign for a double bond. If there is no reaction, type No RXN.arrow_forward
- What is the correct IUPAC name of the structure presented. (Follow this format “Branch-Carbon Prefix-Functional Group Suffix") e.g. 3-methylhex-2-ene For Disubstituted Aromatic compounds, spell out "ortho", “meta" and "para" OH Brarrow_forwardWhat is the correct IUPAC name of the structure presented. (Follow this format “Branch-Carbon Prefix-Functional Group Suffix") e.g. 3-methylhex-2-ene For Disubstituted Aromatic compounds, spell out "ortho", "meta" and "para" SHarrow_forwardA.) On any clean sheet of paper, draw both the condensed and line-bond structure of the following compounds: 4) bromocyclobutane (Br-, Bromo branch) 5) 5-sec-butylnonane 6) 4-t-butylheptane 7) 4-ethylcycloheptene 8) 4,4-dimethylpent-2-ene 9) 3-chloro-2,7-dimethylnon-4-yne (Cl- Chloro branch) 10) 1-cyclohexylbut-2-ynearrow_forward
- Predict the Major product 3-fluoro-2-methylpentane ---> _____ + HF (For Alkene and Alkyne Naming, follow this format “Branch-Carbon Prefix-Functional Group Suffix”) e.g. 3-methylhex-2-enearrow_forward3) Starting from any alkene, show how you could arrive at molecular entities containing the corresponding functional groups aldehyde, alkyne or ester.arrow_forwardWhat is the correct IUPAC name of the structure presented. (Follow this format “Branch-Carbon Prefix-Functional Group Suffix") e.g. 3-methylhex-2-ene For Disubstituted Aromatic compounds, spell out "ortho", “meta" and “para" НООС HOʻarrow_forward
- Organic Chemistry: A Guided InquiryChemistryISBN:9780618974122Author:Andrei StraumanisPublisher:Cengage Learning