The name and chemical formula of charged form of ammonia. Introduction: Most of the solutes that are present in the cytosolic system and that move into and out of the cell exist in either an ionized form or protonated form. These forms also possess protonated or ionized functional groups which help in the transport of various substances in and out of the plasma membrane.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 8, Problem 8.9PS

(a)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The name and chemical formula of charged form of ammonia.

Introduction: Most of the solutes that are present in the cytosolic system and that move into and out of the cell exist in either an ionized form or protonated form. These forms also possess protonated or ionized functional groups which help in the transport of various substances in and out of the plasma membrane.

(b)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The form among protonated and ionized forms that will predominate in a solution with a high acidic pH.

Introduction: Most of the solutes that are present in the cytosolic system and that move into and out of the cell exist in either an ionized form or protonated form. These forms also possess protonated or ionized functional groups which help in the transport of various substances in and out of the plasma membrane.

(c)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The form among protonated and ionized forms for which uptake across cell membrane be affected by the concentration gradient of respective forms on inside and outside of cells. Also, determine that uptake of which form is affected by the membrane potential of the plasma membrane.

Introduction: Most of the solutes that are present in the cytosolic system and that move into and out of the cell exist in either an ionized form or protonated form. These forms also possess protonated or ionized functional groups which help in the transport of various substances in and out of the plasma membrane.

(d)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether or not uptake of charged form require more or less energy as compared to uptake of uncharged form in case of ammonia.

Introduction: Most of the solutes that are present in the cytosolic system and that move into and out of the cell exist in either an ionized form or protonated form. These forms also possess protonated or ionized functional groups which help in the transport of various substances in and out of the plasma membrane.

(e)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The charged form in case of acetic acid. Also, determine the form among protonated and ionized forms for which uptake across cell membrane be affected by concentration gradient of respective forms on inside and outside of cells. Also, determine that uptake of which form is affected by membrane potential of the plasma membrane.

Introduction: Most of the solutes that are present in cytosolic system and that move into and out of the cell exist in either an ionized form or protonated form. These forms also possess protonated or ionized functional groups which help in the transport of various substances in and out of the plasma membrane.

(f)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether or not, in case of cells that take up acetic acid from the environment, uptake of charged form require more or less energy as compared to uptake of uncharged form

Introduction: Most of the solutes that are present in the cytosolic system and that move into and out of the cell exist in either an ionized form or protonated form. These forms also possess protonated or ionized functional groups which help in the transport of various substances in and out of the plasma membrane.

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 8, Problem 8.9PS

(a)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The name and chemical formula of charged form of ammonia.

Introduction: Most of the solutes that are present in the cytosolic system and that move into and out of the cell exist in either an ionized form or protonated form. These forms also possess protonated or ionized functional groups which help in the transport of various substances in and out of the plasma membrane.

(b)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The form among protonated and ionized forms that will predominate in a solution with a high acidic pH.

Introduction: Most of the solutes that are present in the cytosolic system and that move into and out of the cell exist in either an ionized form or protonated form. These forms also possess protonated or ionized functional groups which help in the transport of various substances in and out of the plasma membrane.

(c)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The form among protonated and ionized forms for which uptake across cell membrane be affected by the concentration gradient of respective forms on inside and outside of cells. Also, determine that uptake of which form is affected by the membrane potential of the plasma membrane.

Introduction: Most of the solutes that are present in the cytosolic system and that move into and out of the cell exist in either an ionized form or protonated form. These forms also possess protonated or ionized functional groups which help in the transport of various substances in and out of the plasma membrane.

(d)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether or not uptake of charged form require more or less energy as compared to uptake of uncharged form in case of ammonia.

Introduction: Most of the solutes that are present in the cytosolic system and that move into and out of the cell exist in either an ionized form or protonated form. These forms also possess protonated or ionized functional groups which help in the transport of various substances in and out of the plasma membrane.

(e)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The charged form in case of acetic acid. Also, determine the form among protonated and ionized forms for which uptake across cell membrane be affected by concentration gradient of respective forms on inside and outside of cells. Also, determine that uptake of which form is affected by membrane potential of the plasma membrane.

Introduction: Most of the solutes that are present in cytosolic system and that move into and out of the cell exist in either an ionized form or protonated form. These forms also possess protonated or ionized functional groups which help in the transport of various substances in and out of the plasma membrane.

(f)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether or not, in case of cells that take up acetic acid from the environment, uptake of charged form require more or less energy as compared to uptake of uncharged form

Introduction: Most of the solutes that are present in the cytosolic system and that move into and out of the cell exist in either an ionized form or protonated form. These forms also possess protonated or ionized functional groups which help in the transport of various substances in and out of the plasma membrane.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 8, Problem 8.9PS

(a)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The name and chemical formula of charged form of ammonia.

Introduction: Most of the solutes that are present in the cytosolic system and that move into and out of the cell exist in either an ionized form or protonated form. These forms also possess protonated or ionized functional groups which help in the transport of various substances in and out of the plasma membrane.

(b)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The form among protonated and ionized forms that will predominate in a solution with a high acidic pH.

Introduction: Most of the solutes that are present in the cytosolic system and that move into and out of the cell exist in either an ionized form or protonated form. These forms also possess protonated or ionized functional groups which help in the transport of various substances in and out of the plasma membrane.

(c)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The form among protonated and ionized forms for which uptake across cell membrane be affected by the concentration gradient of respective forms on inside and outside of cells. Also, determine that uptake of which form is affected by the membrane potential of the plasma membrane.

Introduction: Most of the solutes that are present in the cytosolic system and that move into and out of the cell exist in either an ionized form or protonated form. These forms also possess protonated or ionized functional groups which help in the transport of various substances in and out of the plasma membrane.

(d)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether or not uptake of charged form require more or less energy as compared to uptake of uncharged form in case of ammonia.

Introduction: Most of the solutes that are present in the cytosolic system and that move into and out of the cell exist in either an ionized form or protonated form. These forms also possess protonated or ionized functional groups which help in the transport of various substances in and out of the plasma membrane.

(e)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The charged form in case of acetic acid. Also, determine the form among protonated and ionized forms for which uptake across cell membrane be affected by concentration gradient of respective forms on inside and outside of cells. Also, determine that uptake of which form is affected by membrane potential of the plasma membrane.

Introduction: Most of the solutes that are present in cytosolic system and that move into and out of the cell exist in either an ionized form or protonated form. These forms also possess protonated or ionized functional groups which help in the transport of various substances in and out of the plasma membrane.

(f)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether or not, in case of cells that take up acetic acid from the environment, uptake of charged form require more or less energy as compared to uptake of uncharged form

Introduction: Most of the solutes that are present in the cytosolic system and that move into and out of the cell exist in either an ionized form or protonated form. These forms also possess protonated or ionized functional groups which help in the transport of various substances in and out of the plasma membrane.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 8, Problem 8.9PS

(a)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The name and chemical formula of charged form of ammonia.

Introduction: Most of the solutes that are present in the cytosolic system and that move into and out of the cell exist in either an ionized form or protonated form. These forms also possess protonated or ionized functional groups which help in the transport of various substances in and out of the plasma membrane.

(b)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The form among protonated and ionized forms that will predominate in a solution with a high acidic pH.

Introduction: Most of the solutes that are present in the cytosolic system and that move into and out of the cell exist in either an ionized form or protonated form. These forms also possess protonated or ionized functional groups which help in the transport of various substances in and out of the plasma membrane.

(c)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The form among protonated and ionized forms for which uptake across cell membrane be affected by the concentration gradient of respective forms on inside and outside of cells. Also, determine that uptake of which form is affected by the membrane potential of the plasma membrane.

Introduction: Most of the solutes that are present in the cytosolic system and that move into and out of the cell exist in either an ionized form or protonated form. These forms also possess protonated or ionized functional groups which help in the transport of various substances in and out of the plasma membrane.

(d)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether or not uptake of charged form require more or less energy as compared to uptake of uncharged form in case of ammonia.

Introduction: Most of the solutes that are present in the cytosolic system and that move into and out of the cell exist in either an ionized form or protonated form. These forms also possess protonated or ionized functional groups which help in the transport of various substances in and out of the plasma membrane.

(e)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The charged form in case of acetic acid. Also, determine the form among protonated and ionized forms for which uptake across cell membrane be affected by concentration gradient of respective forms on inside and outside of cells. Also, determine that uptake of which form is affected by membrane potential of the plasma membrane.

Introduction: Most of the solutes that are present in cytosolic system and that move into and out of the cell exist in either an ionized form or protonated form. These forms also possess protonated or ionized functional groups which help in the transport of various substances in and out of the plasma membrane.

(f)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether or not, in case of cells that take up acetic acid from the environment, uptake of charged form require more or less energy as compared to uptake of uncharged form

Introduction: Most of the solutes that are present in the cytosolic system and that move into and out of the cell exist in either an ionized form or protonated form. These forms also possess protonated or ionized functional groups which help in the transport of various substances in and out of the plasma membrane.

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Answer 5

Chapter 8, Problem 8.9PS

(a)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The name and chemical formula of charged form of ammonia.

Introduction: Most of the solutes that are present in the cytosolic system and that move into and out of the cell exist in either an ionized form or protonated form. These forms also possess protonated or ionized functional groups which help in the transport of various substances in and out of the plasma membrane.

(b)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The form among protonated and ionized forms that will predominate in a solution with a high acidic pH.

Introduction: Most of the solutes that are present in the cytosolic system and that move into and out of the cell exist in either an ionized form or protonated form. These forms also possess protonated or ionized functional groups which help in the transport of various substances in and out of the plasma membrane.

(c)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The form among protonated and ionized forms for which uptake across cell membrane be affected by the concentration gradient of respective forms on inside and outside of cells. Also, determine that uptake of which form is affected by the membrane potential of the plasma membrane.

Introduction: Most of the solutes that are present in the cytosolic system and that move into and out of the cell exist in either an ionized form or protonated form. These forms also possess protonated or ionized functional groups which help in the transport of various substances in and out of the plasma membrane.

(d)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether or not uptake of charged form require more or less energy as compared to uptake of uncharged form in case of ammonia.

Introduction: Most of the solutes that are present in the cytosolic system and that move into and out of the cell exist in either an ionized form or protonated form. These forms also possess protonated or ionized functional groups which help in the transport of various substances in and out of the plasma membrane.

(e)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The charged form in case of acetic acid. Also, determine the form among protonated and ionized forms for which uptake across cell membrane be affected by concentration gradient of respective forms on inside and outside of cells. Also, determine that uptake of which form is affected by membrane potential of the plasma membrane.

Introduction: Most of the solutes that are present in cytosolic system and that move into and out of the cell exist in either an ionized form or protonated form. These forms also possess protonated or ionized functional groups which help in the transport of various substances in and out of the plasma membrane.

(f)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether or not, in case of cells that take up acetic acid from the environment, uptake of charged form require more or less energy as compared to uptake of uncharged form

Introduction: Most of the solutes that are present in the cytosolic system and that move into and out of the cell exist in either an ionized form or protonated form. These forms also possess protonated or ionized functional groups which help in the transport of various substances in and out of the plasma membrane.

Answer 6

Chapter 8, Problem 8.9PS

(a)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The name and chemical formula of charged form of ammonia.

Introduction: Most of the solutes that are present in the cytosolic system and that move into and out of the cell exist in either an ionized form or protonated form. These forms also possess protonated or ionized functional groups which help in the transport of various substances in and out of the plasma membrane.

Answer 7

Chapter 8, Problem 8.9PS

(a)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The name and chemical formula of charged form of ammonia.

Introduction: Most of the solutes that are present in the cytosolic system and that move into and out of the cell exist in either an ionized form or protonated form. These forms also possess protonated or ionized functional groups which help in the transport of various substances in and out of the plasma membrane.

Answer 8

(b)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The form among protonated and ionized forms that will predominate in a solution with a high acidic pH.

Introduction: Most of the solutes that are present in the cytosolic system and that move into and out of the cell exist in either an ionized form or protonated form. These forms also possess protonated or ionized functional groups which help in the transport of various substances in and out of the plasma membrane.

Answer 9

(b)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The form among protonated and ionized forms that will predominate in a solution with a high acidic pH.

Introduction: Most of the solutes that are present in the cytosolic system and that move into and out of the cell exist in either an ionized form or protonated form. These forms also possess protonated or ionized functional groups which help in the transport of various substances in and out of the plasma membrane.

Answer 10

(c)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The form among protonated and ionized forms for which uptake across cell membrane be affected by the concentration gradient of respective forms on inside and outside of cells. Also, determine that uptake of which form is affected by the membrane potential of the plasma membrane.

Introduction: Most of the solutes that are present in the cytosolic system and that move into and out of the cell exist in either an ionized form or protonated form. These forms also possess protonated or ionized functional groups which help in the transport of various substances in and out of the plasma membrane.

Answer 11

(c)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The form among protonated and ionized forms for which uptake across cell membrane be affected by the concentration gradient of respective forms on inside and outside of cells. Also, determine that uptake of which form is affected by the membrane potential of the plasma membrane.

Introduction: Most of the solutes that are present in the cytosolic system and that move into and out of the cell exist in either an ionized form or protonated form. These forms also possess protonated or ionized functional groups which help in the transport of various substances in and out of the plasma membrane.

Answer 12

(d)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether or not uptake of charged form require more or less energy as compared to uptake of uncharged form in case of ammonia.

Introduction: Most of the solutes that are present in the cytosolic system and that move into and out of the cell exist in either an ionized form or protonated form. These forms also possess protonated or ionized functional groups which help in the transport of various substances in and out of the plasma membrane.

Answer 13

(d)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether or not uptake of charged form require more or less energy as compared to uptake of uncharged form in case of ammonia.

Introduction: Most of the solutes that are present in the cytosolic system and that move into and out of the cell exist in either an ionized form or protonated form. These forms also possess protonated or ionized functional groups which help in the transport of various substances in and out of the plasma membrane.

Answer 14

(e)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The charged form in case of acetic acid. Also, determine the form among protonated and ionized forms for which uptake across cell membrane be affected by concentration gradient of respective forms on inside and outside of cells. Also, determine that uptake of which form is affected by membrane potential of the plasma membrane.

Introduction: Most of the solutes that are present in cytosolic system and that move into and out of the cell exist in either an ionized form or protonated form. These forms also possess protonated or ionized functional groups which help in the transport of various substances in and out of the plasma membrane.

Answer 15

(e)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The charged form in case of acetic acid. Also, determine the form among protonated and ionized forms for which uptake across cell membrane be affected by concentration gradient of respective forms on inside and outside of cells. Also, determine that uptake of which form is affected by membrane potential of the plasma membrane.

Introduction: Most of the solutes that are present in cytosolic system and that move into and out of the cell exist in either an ionized form or protonated form. These forms also possess protonated or ionized functional groups which help in the transport of various substances in and out of the plasma membrane.

Answer 16

(f)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether or not, in case of cells that take up acetic acid from the environment, uptake of charged form require more or less energy as compared to uptake of uncharged form

Introduction: Most of the solutes that are present in the cytosolic system and that move into and out of the cell exist in either an ionized form or protonated form. These forms also possess protonated or ionized functional groups which help in the transport of various substances in and out of the plasma membrane.

Answer 17

(f)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether or not, in case of cells that take up acetic acid from the environment, uptake of charged form require more or less energy as compared to uptake of uncharged form

Introduction: Most of the solutes that are present in the cytosolic system and that move into and out of the cell exist in either an ionized form or protonated form. These forms also possess protonated or ionized functional groups which help in the transport of various substances in and out of the plasma membrane.

Answer 18

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Answer 19

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Answer 20

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Answer 21

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Solution Summary: The author explains the name and chemical formula of the charged form of ammonia.

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