Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The configurational isomer of the compound containing
Concept Introduction :
The compounds are named as E-Z based on analysis of the groups at the end of double bond. The naming is done as per the CIP rules wherein the highest priority gets its preference meaning the highest
Configurational isomers are stereoisomers that have same molecular formula but cannot be converted through rotation about the single bond into another form.
(b)
Interpretation:
The nature of the molecule that falls out of the cis/trans naming scheme and comes under the E/Z naming scheme needs to be described.
Concept Introduction :
The compounds are named as E-Z based on analysis of the groups at the end of double bond. The naming is done as per the CIP rules wherein the highest priority.
Compounds are named cis or trans based on the position of the identical group about the double bond.
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Organic Chemistry: A Guided Inquiry
- Draw the stereoisomer with all trans double bonds. Draw the Lewis structures with the formal charges minimized. Do not include formal charges or electron pairs. You do not need to draw hydrogen atoms that are connected to carbon atoms. TIP: For hydrogen atoms, you only need to draw H atoms that are not bonded to carbons (i.e. O-H and N-H). Draw the other optical isomer.arrow_forwardConsider 1,2-dimethylcyclohexane. a.Draw structures for the cis and trans isomers using a hexagon for the sixmembered ring. b. Draw the two possible chair conformations for the cis isomer. Which conformation, if either, is more stable? c. Draw the two possible chair conformations for the trans isomer. Which conformation, if either, is more stable? d.Which isomer, cis or trans, is more stable and why?arrow_forwardHow many stereoisomers estuary for this molecule? Show how you know. A. 8 B. 3 C. 4 D. 6arrow_forward
- The following molecule A is drawn in such a way that its 3D structure is ambiguous. a. Circle the atoms that are stereocenters. b. Based on the number of atoms you circled in part a, what is the maximum number of stereocenters possible for A? Show your calculations. c. Draw all the possible stereoisomer of A (wedge drawings, not Fisher) and label their stereoisomeric relationships (diastereomers, enantiomers). d. Label each stereocenter with its R and S configuration. OH LOCH3 Brarrow_forwardH3C H. NHCH3 NHCH3 H Harrow_forward\Br A. Redraw the bond-line structure of the molecule above on a separate sheet of paper. B. Draw a chair conformation for the molecule. C. Draw the new chair conformation after ring inversion (ring flip). D. Circle the most stable (lowest energy) chair conformation.arrow_forward
- Glucose is a simple sugar with five substituents bonded to a six-membered ring.a. Using a chair representation, draw the most stable arrangement of these substituents on the six-membered ring.b. Convert this representation into one that uses a hexagon with wedges and dashed wedges.c. Draw a constitutional isomer of glucose.d. Draw a stereoisomer that has an axial OH group on one carbon.arrow_forwardpls helparrow_forward2. In aqueous solution d-glucose (or dextrose) exists in equilibrium between a linear and cyclic form shown below. A. Mark all the stereocenters in the linear form of the molecule. Number them 1,2,3, etc. B. Draw out the reaction that converts the linear form to the 6-membered ring using the arrow formalism. C. Identify the stereocenters in the 6-member ring that correspond to the stereocenters in the linear form marking them as 1,2,3, etc. The reaction also created a new stereocenter. Mark it as H -OH HO--H H--OH нон Ho но HO HO H он H-OH H но.arrow_forward
- Construct a model in which a tetrahedral carbon atom has four different colored model atoms attached to it- red, green, orange and white representing 4 different atoms attached to the central atom. a) Does the atom have a plane of symmetry? why or why not? b) Now replace the green atom in your model with a second orange atom. Now two of the groups attached to the carbon atom are identical. Does the model now have a plane of symmetry? Describe it. c)A carbon atom has four different groups attached to the stereogenic center. Draw structural formulas for the following compound and mark stereogenic centers with as asterisk: 1-bromobutane, 2-bromobutane, 1,2-dibromobutane, 1,4-dibromobutane, 2,3-dibromobutane.arrow_forwardSee attached imagearrow_forwardTRUE OR FALSE. Write T if True, F if False. 1. In numbering the longest chain, the first substituent should have the higher number. 2. Alphabetize the names of the substituents, ignoring all prefixes except iso, as in isopropyl and isobutyl. 3. A number is always designated to indicate the location of a single substituent in cyclohexane. 4. For rings with two different substituents, number the ring to assign the lower number to the substituents alphabetically. 5. In naming alkenes, the longest carbon chain is always used as the parent name. 6. Toluene is an IUPAC name. 7. A benzyl group differs from a phenyl group only by an extra CH2 group. 8. Naming of branched molecules depend on the type of C atom removed from the parent chain. 9. An unbranched alkane with a chain of 50 carbons is called pentacontane. 10. Heterocyclic amines still…arrow_forward
- Organic Chemistry: A Guided InquiryChemistryISBN:9780618974122Author:Andrei StraumanisPublisher:Cengage Learning