(a)
Interpretation:
The osmotic pressure of
Concept Introduction:
The pressure that is needed to stop the flow of solvent is known as Osmotic pressure.
The osmotic pressure of dilute solution is related to the molar concentration of the solute in the solution. The osmotic pressure can be calculated by using the following equation:
(b)
Interpretation:
The osmotic pressure of
Concept Introduction:
Refer to part (a).
(c)
Interpretation:
The osmotic pressure of
Concept Introduction:
Refer to part (a).
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 5 Solutions
Chemical Principles: The Quest for Insight
- Actually, the carbon in CO2(g) is thermodynamically unstable with respect to the carbon in calcium carbonate(limestone). Verify this by determining the standardGibbs free energy change for the reaction of lime,CaO(s), with CO2(g) to make CaCO3(s).arrow_forwardUse the following data to calculate the enthalpy of solution of sodium perchlorate, NaClO4: fH(s)=382.9kJ/mol and fH(aq,1m)=369.5kJ/molarrow_forwardThe density of a 3.75 M aqueous sulfuric acid solution in a car battery is 1.225 g/mL. Express the concentration of the solution in molality, mole fraction H2SO2, and mass percentage of H2SO4.arrow_forward
- Estimate the mean ionic activity coefficient of NaCl in a solution that is 0.020 mol kg−1 NaCl(aq) and 0.035 mol kg−1 Ca(NO3)2(aq) at 25 °C.arrow_forwardWrite the formula for hypoiodous acid. formula: || SPECIAL ΔΣΩ λμπ x" Xo x (s) (1) (aq) (g) () [] CLRarrow_forwardb) Determine the standard enthalpy change and std. Gibbs free energy change of reaction at 400 k for the reaction СO(g) +2H2(g) — CHОН (g) At 298.15 K, AH.co (0)= -26.41 kcal/mol, AH AG.co (9)= -32.8079 kcal/mol, AG cH,oh(9)= -38.69 kcal/mol, °.CH20H(9)= -48.08 kcal/mol, The standard heat capacity of various components is given by, CO = a + bT + cT² + dT³, where C, is in cal/mol-K and T is in K b x10² с х105 d x10° Соmponent CH3OH а 4.55 2.186 -0.291 -1.92 CO 6.726 0.04 0.1283 -0.5307 H2 6.952 -0.0457 0.09563 -0.2079arrow_forward
- Assuming 100% dissociation, calculate the freezing point (?f) and boiling point (?b) of 3.29 ? AgNO3(aq).arrow_forwardThe sealed containers of fizzy drinks contain dissolved CO2. This dissolved CO2 is in equilibrium with a small quantity of gaseous CO2 at the top of the container. (a) The partial pressure of CO2 gas in a 250 cm3 can of fizzy drink is 3.0 atm at 25 0C. What is the concentration of CO2 in the fizzy drink? (b) If the can contain only the mass of CO2 calculated in part (ii) as a gas, calculate the pressure in the can when it is stored at 25 0C. (c) The maximum pressure that a can of fizzy drink can withstand is 7 atm. Using the graph below, determine the maximum temperature at which a can, can be stored safely. (concentration=0.093M)arrow_forward4. The standard Gibbs energy of formation of PH3(g) is l3.4 kJ/mol at 298 K. Note that the standard state of phosphorus at 298 K is P4(s). If H2(g) and PH3(g) are treated as perfect gases, and their partial pressures are both 2.0 bar: (a) What is the reaction quotient, Q? (b) What is the corresponding reaction Gibbs energy for the reaction corresponding to the standard Gibbs energy of formation of PH3(g)? (c) What is the spontaneous direction of the reaction?arrow_forward
- The phase diagram for SO2 is shown here. (a) What doesthis diagram tell you about the enthalpy change in thereaction SO2(l) ---->SO2(g)? (b) Calculate the equilibriumconstant for this reaction at 100 °C and at 0 °C.(c) Why is it not possible to calculate an equilibrium constantbetween the gas and liquid phases in the supercriticalregion? (d) At which of the three points marked in reddoes SO2(g) most closely approach ideal-gas behavior?(e) At which of the three red points does SO2(g) behaveleast ideally?arrow_forwardThe emission of NO, by fossil fuel combustion can be prevented by injecting gaseous urea into the combustion mixture. The urea reduces NO (which oxidizes in air to form NO2) according to the reaction: 2 CO(NH;)»(3) + 4 NO(3) + O2(8) 4 Na(8) + 2 CO;(g) + 4 H¿O(g) Suppose that the exhaust stream of an automobile has a flow rate of 2.55 L/s at 655 Kand contains a partial pressure of NO of 12.4 torr. What total mass of urea is necessary to react complete- ly with the NO formed during 8.0 hours of driving?arrow_forwardCamphor 1C10H16O2 melts at 179.8 °C, and it has a particularly large freezing-point-depression constant, Kf = 40.0 °C>m. When 0.186 g of an organic substance of unknown molar mass is dissolved in 22.01 g of liquid camphor, the freezing point of the mixture is found to be 176.7 °C. What is the molar mass of the solute?arrow_forward
- Chemistry: Principles and PracticeChemistryISBN:9780534420123Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward MercerPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781337399074Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Chemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781133949640Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage Learning