Life: The Science of Biology
Life: The Science of Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781319010164
Author: David E. Sadava, David M. Hillis, H. Craig Heller, Sally D. Hacker
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 41.5, Problem 2R
Summary Introduction

To review:

The response, generated by the immune system when a cell gets infected by a virus and the roles played by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and the T-cell receptors in this type of response.

Introduction:

The viral infection results in the generation of the innate immune responses in the body of the individual. The adaptive immune responses have two components, the humoral and the cell-mediated immune responses. The humoral response kills the virus from the blood and the cell-mediated immunity kill the infected T-cell.

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The classical complement pathway is initiated by C1q binding to the surface of a pathogen. In some cases, C1q can directly bind the pathogen, for instance by recognizing proteins of bacterial cell walls, but in most cases C1q binds to IgM antibodies that are bound to the pathogen surface. How does this IgM-binding feature of C1q contribute to rapid, innate immune responses rather than to slow, adaptive responses? C1q induces B lymphocytes to begin secreting antibody within hours of pathogen exposure. Natural antibody that binds to many microbial pathogens is produced prior to pathogen exposure. C1q binds to C-reactive protein which then binds to IgM on the pathogen surface. C1q directly induces inflammation, recruiting phagocytes and antibodies from the blood into the infected tissue. C1q binds to dendritic cells in the infected tissue, inducing them to secrete inflammatory cytokines.
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In the cell-mediated immune response, there are three types of T cells produced. What are they, and what is the function of each?
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