Concepts of Biology
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168116
Author: Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise
Publisher: OpenStax College
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Chapter 4, Problem 3ACQ
Figure 4.16 Tremetol, a metabolic poison found in white snake root plant, prevents the
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Chapter 4 Solutions
Concepts of Biology
Ch. 4 - Figure 4.6 Look at each of the processes shown and...Ch. 4 - Figure 4.15 Cyanide inhibits cytochrome c oxidase,...Ch. 4 - Figure 4.16 Tremetol, a metabolic poison found in...Ch. 4 - Which of the following is not an example of an...Ch. 4 - Which of the following is not true about enzymes?...Ch. 4 - Energy is stored long-term in the bonds of _____...Ch. 4 - The energy currency used by cells is _____. a. ATP...Ch. 4 - The glucose that enters the glycolysis pathway is...Ch. 4 - What do the electrons added to NAD do? a. They...Ch. 4 - Chemiosmosis involves a. the movement of electrons...
Ch. 4 - Which of the following fermentation methods can...Ch. 4 - The cholesterol synthesized by cells uses which...Ch. 4 - Beta oxidation is ______. a. the breakdown of...Ch. 4 - Does physical exercise to increase muscle mass...Ch. 4 - Explain in your own terms the difference between a...Ch. 4 - With regard to enzymes, why are vitamins and...Ch. 4 - Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms carry...Ch. 4 - We inhale oxygen when we breathe and exhale carbon...Ch. 4 - When muscle cells run out of oxygen, what happens...Ch. 4 - Would you describe metabolic pathways as...
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- (Figure 7.14) Tremetol, a metabolic poison found in the white snake root plant, prevents the metabolism of lactate. When cows eat this plant, tremetol is concentrated in the milk they produce. Humans who consume the milk can become seriously ill. Symptoms of this disease, which include vomiting, abdominal pain, and tremors, become worse after exercise. Why do you think this is the case?arrow_forwardThe hormone insulin enhances the transport of glucose (sugar) from the blood into most body cells. Its secretion is controlled by a negative-feedback system between the concentration of glucose in the blood and the insulin-secreting cells. Therefore, which of the following statements is correct? A decrease in blood glucose concentration stimulates insulin secretion, which in turn further towers blood glucose concentration. An increase in blood glucose concentration stimulates insulin secretion, which in turn lowers blood glucose concentration. A decrease in blood glucose concentration stimulates insulin secretion, which in turn increases blood glucose concentration. An increase in blood glucose concentration stimulates insulin secretion, which in turn further increases blood glucose concentration. None of the preceding is correct.arrow_forwardIn order to use lipids to produce ATP the first step is beta oxidation of fatty acids which occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell TRUE or FALSE If glucose stores are getting low, non-carbohydrate molecules such as lipids and proteins will be used to make ATP. This is referred to as glucose sparing TRUE or FALSE Our dietary source of carbohydrates comes predominantly from plants. TRUE or FALSE Essential nutrients can be produced in the liver by the interconversion of different macromolecules in the liver. TRUE or FALSE The major lipid in the american diet is triglycerides. TRUE or FALSE All proteins from animal products are complete proteins. TRUE or FALSEarrow_forward
- Gluconeogenesis is a metabolic pathway that is mainly active in ________ (read all of the choices and pick the best answer). a. liver b. kidney c. brain d. skeletal muscle e. both a and b are correct answersarrow_forwardIn the Alanine Cycle, different organs work together to produce glucose from protein. Which statement below best describes what happens in which organ? a)In liver, pyruvate is transaminated to alanine; in the muscle, alanine is deaminated and pyruvate is used for ATP synthesis. b)In muscle, pyruvate is transaminated to alanine; in the liver, alanine is deaminated and pyruvate is used for gluconeogenesis. c)The liver exports glucose for use by the brain; in the muscle, alanine is deaminated by the urea cycle for use in ATP generation. d)In muscle, pyruvate is transaminated to alanine; in the liver, alanine enters the urea cycle for excretion.arrow_forwardHow might virus infection lead to increase energy production in the cell? Group of answer choices All answers are correct Stimulation of glucose uptake Increased glycolysis Increased utilization of fatty acids Increased utilization of glutaminearrow_forward
- Please construct a model to show that the digestive, respiratory, and circulatory systems work together to supply the body cells with the glucose and oxygen needed for aerobic cellular respiration. Feel free to use words, diagrams, arrows, flowcharts, etc. to get your ideas across. Make sure you include the following information: Digestion of starch into glucose and the location(s) of digestion. Absorption of glucose into the blood and the location of absorption. Blood transporting glucose from the absorption site to the tissues. Glucose entering the tissue cells from the blood. O2 entering the blood in the lungs and the specific location of entrance in the lungs. Blood transporting O2 from the lungs into the tissues. O2 enters the tissues from the blood.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about glucose metabolism is correct? A. Glucagon increases the rate of glycolysis B. Glycolysis requires NADP+ C. In glycolysis, glucose is cleaved into two three-carbon product D. The end-product of glycolysis in red blood cells is pyruvate E. Glycogen is synthesized in the liver in response to insulin and exported to other tissues for use as a metabolic fuelarrow_forwardIndividuals who develop scurvy suffer from sore and bleeding gums and loss of teeth. Which of the following describes the mechanism by which the vitamin C they are lacking acts to prevent this disease? Question 79 options: a) As a matrix for the deposition of minerals such as calcium and phosphorus b) As a coenzyme involved in collagen biosynthesis c) As an enzyme involved in ligament formation d) As an antioxidant that prevents tissue damage from free radicalsarrow_forward
- Millions of people take drugs called statins to lower serum cholesterol levels. In a small percentage of people taking these drugs, muscle pain, termed myopathy, is an adverse effect. In a small percentage of these individuals, the condition progresses to rhabdomyolysis, in which the sarcolemma breaks down. a. Physicians can measure a patient’s levels of creatine phosphokinase to track the safety of using a statin. Enzyme levels that exceed ten times what is normal indicate possible rhabdomyolysis. Explain what this elevated enzyme level indicates about the physiology of the muscle cell. b. Explain why a dusky, dark color in the urine, resulting from the presence of myoglobin, also indicates muscle breakdown. HINT When muscle cells break down, where do the molecules that were inside the cell go?arrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT a physiological role of phosphorus? Select one: a. Required for ossification of bones during embryonic development b. Required for enzymatic conversions in glycolysis c. Links together ribose sugars and their associated nitrogenous bases d. Important compound required to inhibit auto-oxidation of fatty acidsarrow_forwardCompared to most cells in the body, heart muscle cells are much more vulnerable to ______." A Decreases in blood glucose level B Reductions in oxygen delivery C Both decreases in blood glucose and oxygen delivery; glucose is the only energy source heart muscle cells can use and they need oxygen to metabolize itarrow_forward
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