Concepts of Biology
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168116
Author: Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise
Publisher: OpenStax College
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Chapter 4, Problem 14CTQ
Does physical exercise to increase muscle mass involve anabolic and/or catabolic processes? Give evidence for your answer.
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Chapter 4 Solutions
Concepts of Biology
Ch. 4 - Figure 4.6 Look at each of the processes shown and...Ch. 4 - Figure 4.15 Cyanide inhibits cytochrome c oxidase,...Ch. 4 - Figure 4.16 Tremetol, a metabolic poison found in...Ch. 4 - Which of the following is not an example of an...Ch. 4 - Which of the following is not true about enzymes?...Ch. 4 - Energy is stored long-term in the bonds of _____...Ch. 4 - The energy currency used by cells is _____. a. ATP...Ch. 4 - The glucose that enters the glycolysis pathway is...Ch. 4 - What do the electrons added to NAD do? a. They...Ch. 4 - Chemiosmosis involves a. the movement of electrons...
Ch. 4 - Which of the following fermentation methods can...Ch. 4 - The cholesterol synthesized by cells uses which...Ch. 4 - Beta oxidation is ______. a. the breakdown of...Ch. 4 - Does physical exercise to increase muscle mass...Ch. 4 - Explain in your own terms the difference between a...Ch. 4 - With regard to enzymes, why are vitamins and...Ch. 4 - Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms carry...Ch. 4 - We inhale oxygen when we breathe and exhale carbon...Ch. 4 - When muscle cells run out of oxygen, what happens...Ch. 4 - Would you describe metabolic pathways as...
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- If you find a patient who seems too fatigue very easily after exercise. You take a sample of their muscle tissue and run a genetics test. You find that they have a mutation in the gene that encodes for triose phosphate isomerase. Explain how this causes extreme fatigue after exercise.arrow_forwardI played field hockey for 1 hour and my Fitbit Watch says that I expended 1,085 Calories. If triglycerides in my adipose (fat) cells powered all that activity, how may grams of fat were consumed in powering that exercise? (Hint: the Calorie Content of Fats you determined in Lab Exercise 9A was 8.9 Calories/g): Show your calculation…arrow_forwardIf fatty acids are a more efficient storehouse of energy than glucose or glycogen, why aren't they used immediately to drive muscle contraction?arrow_forward
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- In muscles, where it has been studied extensively, inorganic phosphate has been shown to significantly influence: Select one: O a. ATP synthesis O b. pyruvate availability O c. lactic acid mediated reduction in neuronal activity O d. muscle contractionarrow_forwardYou are studying energy production and metabolic activities of prostate cancer cells in the lab. You compare energy metabolism in these cancer cells with normal cells. Which of the following would you observe? Select all that apply Oxidative phosphorylation is reduced in cancer cells compared to normal cells Glycolysis is reduced in cancer cells compared to normal cells Oxidative phosphorylation is enhanced in cancer cells compared to normal cells Glycolysis is enhanced in cancer cells compared to normal cellsarrow_forwardBodybuilders that take anabolic steroids such as androstenedione and testosterone often suffer from gynecomasty (enlarged breasts) as a side effect. Knowing that in women breast growth is stimulated by estrogens, explain why this happens to bodybuilders using the law of mass action. Again, make sure to mention the substrate and product of the reaction. View keyboard shortcutsarrow_forward
- You are a researcher seeking to determine if an experimental drug can effectively treat hyperglycemia, a condition characterized by excess glucose in the blood, often associated with Type I diabetes. You select 24 hyperglycemia patients to study, and you give half of them a pill containing the drug you are testing and the other half a placebo (a pill that lacks the drug ingredient). After an evening of fasting, you measure the amount of glucose in their blood the next morning. Write the null and alternative hypotheses appropriate for your study. Which treatment is your control group, and why does your experimental design require a control group? Describe the structure of a carbohydrate, and what are the functions of carbohydrates in the body? What test that we have used before in lab could you use to measure the amount of glucose in their blood? Describe how you would use this test to measure the amounts of glucose in their blood serum samples. Identify the dependent variable…arrow_forwardWhich of the following can be used to synthesize glucose by gluconeogenesis in the liver?a. fatty acidb. triglyceridec. glycerold. glycogene. ATParrow_forwardA 16-year-old female is recently diagnosed with a deficiency of muscle glycogen phosphorylase. She and her family are concerned and ask the following questions. Based on what you know about skeletal muscle glycogenolysis and muscle metabolism, please respond to each question with a thoughtful answer that describes the metabolism in these various scenarios in language that your patient will understand, while also being sure to include the role of the relevant metabolic pathways, specific enzymes, and stimulus for their activity: I’m not sure I understand the issue. Can you explain how muscle glycogen is used normally during exercise? I really like to take long walks; will Istill be able to do this with my friends? As a result of this deficiency, will I need to get up at night to eat to maintain my blood glucose levels? Do I need to worry about producing excessive lactate during intense anaerobic exercise?arrow_forward
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