Essentials of Genetics (9th Edition) - Standalone book
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780134047799
Author: William S. Klug, Michael R. Cummings, Charlotte A. Spencer, Michael A. Palladino
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 3, Problem 4PDQ
When working out genetics problems in this and succeeding chapters, alwaysassumethatmembersof the P1 generation are homozygous, unless the information or data you are given require you to do otherwise.
Albinism in humans is inherited as a simple recessive trait. Determine the genotypes of the parents and offspring for the following families. When two alternative genotypes are possible, list both.
(a) Two nonalbino (normal) parents have five children, four normal and one albino.
(b) A normal male and an albino female have six children, all normal.
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When working out genetics problems in this and succeeding chapters, always assume that members of the P1 generation are homozygous, unless the information or data you are given require you to do otherwise.HOW DO WE KNOW? we focused on the Mendelian postulates, probability, and pedigree analysis. We also considered some of the methods and reasoning by which these ideas, concepts, and techniques were developed. On the basis of these discussions,
what answers would you propose to the followingquestion.
Question: Since experimental crosses are not performed in humans, how do we know how traits are inherited?
Required information
A single-factor cross is one in which the inheritance of only one character and its associated genotypes are followed.
Punnett squares are often used to predict the outcomes of simple genetic crosses. Based on Mendel's laws, the
genotypes of the parents can be used to predict the genes in their gametes and the resulting progeny. A Punnett square
enables you to predict the types of offspring the parents are expected to produce and in what proportions.
Sickle cell anemia is a recessive trait in humans. In a cross between two parents who are heterozygous for the gene, what are the gamete possibilities of the parer
Mother's gamete
possibilities
Father's gamete
possibilities
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Monohybrid practice problems
In pea plants, the traits below exhibit the following dominance patterns:
Recessive
Expression:
Wrinkled
Dominant
Expression:
Round
Purple
|Yellow
Inflated
Green
Trait:
1. Seed shape (R)
2. Flower color (P)
3.
White
Green
Constricted
Yellow
Terminal
Short
Color of seed coat (Y)
Form of ripe pods (I)
4.
5.
|Color of unripe pods (G)
6.
Position of flowers (A)
7. Length of stem (T)
Axial
Tall
Record the genotypes for pea plants with the following descriptions (The first one has been done for
you:
1.
а. дg
A plant with yellow pods
A planteozygous for ereen pods
С.
A plant homozvaoue ta vellow seeds
A plant with white flowers
A plant with areen seeds
2. Complete the Punnett Square showing the cross between a pea plant with pure round seeds and a
plant with wrinkled seeds. Summarize the phenotypes and genotypes for the offspring.
Parental cross
Genotypic Percentages:
Phenotypic Percentages:
3. A pea plant with pure yellow…
Chapter 3 Solutions
Essentials of Genetics (9th Edition) - Standalone book
Ch. 3 -
CASE STUDY | To test or not to test
Thomas...Ch. 3 -
CASE STUDY | To test or not to test
Thomas...Ch. 3 - CASE STUDY | To test or not to test Thomas first...Ch. 3 -
CASE STUDY | To test or not to test
Thomas...Ch. 3 - When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 - When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 - When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 -
When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 - When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 -
When working out genetics problems in this and...
Ch. 3 - When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 - When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 - When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 - When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 -
When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 -
When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 -
When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 - When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 -
When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 - When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 - When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 -
When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 - When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 -
When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 - When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 -
When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 - When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 -
When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 - When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 - Prob. 26PDQCh. 3 -
When working out genetics problems in this and...
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- 11:42 Cancel Markup Done Name: Date: Monohybrid practice problems In pea plants, the traits below exhibit the following dominance patterns: Recessive Expression: Wrinkled Dominant Expression: Round Purple |Yellow Inflated Green Trait: 1. Seed shape (R) 2. Flower color (P) 3. White Green |Constricted Yellow Terminal Short Color of seed coat (Y) Form of ripe pods (I) 4. 5. |Color of unripe pods (G) 6. Position of flowers (A) 7. Length of stem (T) Axial Tall Record the genetvnes f-Der-- = foltrawino deserintins (The first one has been done for you): а. дg A plant with yellow poás- EplancteOZygous for ereen pods N 0)e Owers С. A plant homozvaoue ycilow seeds A plant with white flowers TA piamt wilh areen seeds. Complete the Punnett Square showing the eress between a pea plant with pure round seeds and a plant with wrinkled seeds. Summanze the phenotypes and genotypes for the offspring. Genolynic PorcentadCS. Parental cross PhenolypicPerceniageS 3A pea plant with pure velow seeds is erossed…arrow_forwardNow cross two of the F₁ offspring. Parent 1 Gametes F2 Offspring Parent 2 Gametes 24. What is the phenotypic ratio in the F2 generation? 25. In the dihybrid cross you have considered two traits at a time. Although the number of traits has increased by one, what has happened to the number of possible phenotypes of offspring produced in the F2 generation? ni llit asa2013 bhidydenom sih at Simons 1:11 sabrax gatamearrow_forwardPedigree Demonstrating the Inheritance of an Autosomal Recessive Trait GOOF GOD If individuals Il-1 and II-2 have another child, the probability that they will inherit the recessive trait is %. (Record your 2 digits answer)arrow_forward
- Question GROUP A: Genetics Problems In humans, red-green color blindness is caused by a recessive allele on the X chromosome. A male with normal vision and his color-blind wife have a child. If the child is male what is the probability that he will be color-blind? The female in the previous problem has a daughter that is color-blind. The husband claims that this cannot be his child. Can you support or refute his argument?arrow_forwardHi, I'm having trouble with my study guide for my upcoming genetics exam. If someone could please help with work shown and an explanation it would help so much! Thank you!! 2a. The pedigree below represents inheritance of rare condition. What pattern of inheritance is most consistent with the data? Assign alleles to all individuals to support your answer. If an allele is unknown, assign it a ? symbol. NOTE: Individuals whose phenotype or genotype cannot be determined are assumed to be unaffected and homozygous, unless otherwise indicated. 2b. In addition to the alleles you’ve indicated, describe 2 overall features of the pedigree that make it consistent with your chosen form of inheritance. 2c. Based on your mode of inheritance, what is the probability that the child of couple IV-4 x IV-5 will be affected? Show your work. attached is the pedigreearrow_forwardInstruction - Please answer them correctly - Please answer all of them, they are connected. PEDIGREE ANALYSIS and SYMBOLOGY Examine the pedigree which has X linked Dominant inheritance of disorder. Use letter X* (asterisk denotes disorder) as genotype of the individuals which can be XX, XY, X*X*, X*X and X*Y. a. What is the genotype of IV-6? b. What is the genotype of III-6? c. What is the genotype of II-3? d. What is the genotype of III-8? e. If couple I-1 and I-2 will have a son, what is the probability of having the disorder? f. If couple III-8 and III-9 will have another child, what is the probability of having the disorder? g. Theoretically, if individual IV-3 and individual IV-5 will marry and will have a child, what is the probability of having a child without the X-linked disorder?arrow_forward
- I. ACTIVITIES AND EXERCISES-Let's Try Thesef () Solve for the following completely by following the step by step process in solving for Punnett Squares. Place your answers on the corresponding blanks. White skin tone is incompletely dominant with Dark Skin tone. A heterozygous skin tone allele will form Tan colored skin. What is/are the possible phenotype/s of the children from a white skin toned man and a tan skin toned woman? Traits: White Phenotype/s: Dark => Tan == Test Cross: Punnett Square 14) 2) 3) 8) 9) 5) 10) 12) 7) 11) Teacher: 13)arrow_forwardQuestion- 1. In onions, male sterility is due to the interaction of a chromosomal allele pair hh and “sterile” (S) cytoplasm. All other combinations (i.e. HH/Hh and “sterile” cytoplasm, HH/Hh or hh “fertile” (F) cytoplasm) result in male-fertile plants. The male-sterile trait is incorporated into inbred lines to produce hybrid F1 seed on a commercial scale.a) How would you perpetuate the male-sterile line? Show the cross.b) Briefly outline the method of producing hybrid seed (heterozygote) for the commercial crop. Show the cross.c) Does it matter whether the cytoplasm is fertile or sterile in the male-fertile inbred? Explain.arrow_forwardMonohybrid Problems llustrating Codominamce 5. Another type of monohybrid inheritance involves the expression of both phenotypes in the heterozy- gous situation. This is called codominance. One well-known example of codominance occurs in the coat color of Shorthorn cattle. Those with reddish-gray roan coats are heterozygous (RR'), and result from a mating between a red (RR) Shorthorn and one that's white (R'R'). Roan cattle don't have roan-colored hairs, as would be expected with incom- plete dominance, but rather appear roan as a result of having both red and white hairs. Thus, the roan col- oration is not a consequence of pigments blending in each hair. Because the R and R' alleles are both fully expressed in the heterozygote, they are codominant. a. If a roan Shorthorn cow is mated with a white bull, what will be the genotypic and phenotypic ratios in the F, generation? genotypic ratio . phenotypic ratio b. List the parental genotypes of crosses that could produce at least some…arrow_forward
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