Essentials of Genetics (9th Edition) - Standalone book
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780134047799
Author: William S. Klug, Michael R. Cummings, Charlotte A. Spencer, Michael A. Palladino
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 3, Problem 16PDQ
When working out genetics problems in this and succeeding chapters, alwaysassumethatmembersof the P1 generation are homozygous, unless the information or data you are given require you to do otherwise.
A geneticist, in assessing data that fell into two
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Question: On the basis of Mendel's hypothesis and observations, predict the results from the following crosses in garden peas: (a) a tall (dominant and homozygous) variety crossed with a dwarf variety: (b) the progeny of (a) selfed; (c) the progeny from (a) crossed with the original tall parent; (d) the progeny from (a) crossed with the original dwarf-parent variety.
When working out genetics problems in this and succeeding chapters, always assume that members of the P1 generation are homozygous, unless the information or data you are given require you to do otherwise.HOW DO WE KNOW? we focused on the Mendelian postulates, probability, and pedigree analysis. We also considered some of the methods and reasoning by which these ideas, concepts, and techniques were developed. On the basis of these discussions,
what answers would you propose to the followingquestion.
Question: Since experimental crosses are not performed in humans, how do we know how traits are inherited?
Required information
A single-factor cross is one in which the inheritance of only one character and its associated genotypes are followed.
Punnett squares are often used to predict the outcomes of simple genetic crosses. Based on Mendel's laws, the
genotypes of the parents can be used to predict the genes in their gametes and the resulting progeny. A Punnett square
enables you to predict the types of offspring the parents are expected to produce and in what proportions.
Sickle cell anemia is a recessive trait in humans. In a cross between two parents who are heterozygous for the gene, what are the gamete possibilities of the parer
Mother's gamete
possibilities
Father's gamete
possibilities
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Chapter 3 Solutions
Essentials of Genetics (9th Edition) - Standalone book
Ch. 3 -
CASE STUDY | To test or not to test
Thomas...Ch. 3 -
CASE STUDY | To test or not to test
Thomas...Ch. 3 - CASE STUDY | To test or not to test Thomas first...Ch. 3 -
CASE STUDY | To test or not to test
Thomas...Ch. 3 - When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 - When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 - When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 -
When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 - When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 -
When working out genetics problems in this and...
Ch. 3 - When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 - When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 - When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 - When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 -
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When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 - When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 - When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 -
When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 - When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 -
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When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 - When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 - Prob. 26PDQCh. 3 -
When working out genetics problems in this and...
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- Question GROUP A: Genetics Problems In humans, red-green color blindness is caused by a recessive allele on the X chromosome. A male with normal vision and his color-blind wife have a child. If the child is male what is the probability that he will be color-blind? The female in the previous problem has a daughter that is color-blind. The husband claims that this cannot be his child. Can you support or refute his argument?arrow_forwardQuestion: This is a normal 3 point test cross, except that instead of regular phenotypes, you are looking at DNA markers on a gel. One parent, according to the gel, is heterozygous at each marker. The other parent is homozygous for each marker. (Again, this means it is a test cross: AaEeHh x AAEEHH --but don't be confused by that, because these are not "dominant" and "recessive" per se; the phenotype is just a band on a gel). For each offspring, figure out its genotype (homozygous or heterozygous for each gene. Then, figure that one parent made only AEH gametes, so you can cross that out if it helps.) Then treat it pretty much the same as a 3 point test cross.arrow_forwardQuestion- 1. In onions, male sterility is due to the interaction of a chromosomal allele pair hh and “sterile” (S) cytoplasm. All other combinations (i.e. HH/Hh and “sterile” cytoplasm, HH/Hh or hh “fertile” (F) cytoplasm) result in male-fertile plants. The male-sterile trait is incorporated into inbred lines to produce hybrid F1 seed on a commercial scale.a) How would you perpetuate the male-sterile line? Show the cross.b) Briefly outline the method of producing hybrid seed (heterozygote) for the commercial crop. Show the cross.c) Does it matter whether the cytoplasm is fertile or sterile in the male-fertile inbred? Explain.arrow_forward
- 11:41 Cancel Markup Done Name: Date: Monohybrid practice problems In pea plants, the traits below exhibit the following dominance patterns: Recessive Expression: Wrinkled Dominant Expression: Round Purple |Yellow Inflated Green Trait: 1. Seed shape (R) 2. Flower color (P) 3. White Green Constricted Yellow Terminal Short Color of seed coat (Y) Form of ripe pods (I) 4. 5. |Color of unripe pods (G) 6. Position of flowers (A) 7. Length of stem (T) Axial Tall Record the genotypes for pea plants with the following descriptions (The first one has been done for you: 1. а. дg A plant with yellow pods A planteozygous for ereen pods С. A plant homozvaoue ta vellow seeds A plant with white flowers A plant with areen seeds 2. Complete the Punnett Square showing the cross between a pea plant with pure round seeds and a plant with wrinkled seeds. Summarize the phenotypes and genotypes for the offspring. Parental cross Genotypic Percentages: Phenotypic Percentages: 3. A pea plant with pure yellow…arrow_forwardQuestion 1 Given that the passing of alleles into gametes is random, if we observe one gamete (egg or sperm) of an individual at a specific gene/locus: What is the probability that the allele in that gamete is the one from the father of the individual making the gametes? 2. What is the probability that the allele in that gamete is the one from the mother of the individual making the gametes?arrow_forward1:31 1 Drive For each of the problems below, please make sure to... Write a DETAILED KEY that explains all of your symbols used. Show your work on problems that ask. That means make sure that you are showing at least one Punnett square. Interpret your answer. A Punnett square alone will not suffice. Indicate which types of problems or vocabulary are difficult for you so that we can review them in discussion. Monohybrid cross: A single trait is crossed with only two variations of the allele. with 2. In humans, brown eyes are usually dominant over blue eyes. Suppose a blue-eyed man marries a brown-eyed woman whose father was blue eyed. What proportion of their children would you predict would have blue eyes? A brown-eyed man whose father was brown eyed and whose mother was blue eyed married a blue eyed woman whose father and mother were both brown-eyed. The couple has a blue-eyed son. For which of the individuals mentioned can you be sure 3. of the genotypes? What are their genotypes?…arrow_forward
- 11:42 Cancel Markup Done Name: Date: Monohybrid practice problems In pea plants, the traits below exhibit the following dominance patterns: Recessive Expression: Wrinkled Dominant Expression: Round Purple |Yellow Inflated Green Trait: 1. Seed shape (R) 2. Flower color (P) 3. White Green |Constricted Yellow Terminal Short Color of seed coat (Y) Form of ripe pods (I) 4. 5. |Color of unripe pods (G) 6. Position of flowers (A) 7. Length of stem (T) Axial Tall Record the genetvnes f-Der-- = foltrawino deserintins (The first one has been done for you): а. дg A plant with yellow poás- EplancteOZygous for ereen pods N 0)e Owers С. A plant homozvaoue ycilow seeds A plant with white flowers TA piamt wilh areen seeds. Complete the Punnett Square showing the eress between a pea plant with pure round seeds and a plant with wrinkled seeds. Summanze the phenotypes and genotypes for the offspring. Genolynic PorcentadCS. Parental cross PhenolypicPerceniageS 3A pea plant with pure velow seeds is erossed…arrow_forwardNow cross two of the F₁ offspring. Parent 1 Gametes F2 Offspring Parent 2 Gametes 24. What is the phenotypic ratio in the F2 generation? 25. In the dihybrid cross you have considered two traits at a time. Although the number of traits has increased by one, what has happened to the number of possible phenotypes of offspring produced in the F2 generation? ni llit asa2013 bhidydenom sih at Simons 1:11 sabrax gatamearrow_forwardGenetic Problems Read the following genetic problems, and then complete the activities and questions for each problem 1. In the pea plant, the green pod color allele is dominant to the yellow pod color allele. o Set-up a monohybrid cross between a pea plant that is heterozygous and a true-breeding yellow pod pea plant. o What percentage of the offspring produced from this cross would you expect to have yellow pods? 2. Within a mouse population, the black fur allele (B) is dominant to the white fur allele (b) and the short whisker allele (S) is dominant to the ngs long-whisker allele (s). o A heterozygous black-furred short-whiskered mouse is crossed with a homozygous white-furred long-whiskered mouse. o What percentage of the offspring will be black-furred with long whiskers? 3. A physician is examining the blood types of children from a family. o Child 1 has blood type AB, Child 2 has blood type B, Child 3 has blood type B, and Child 4 has blood type A. o Based on the phenotypes of…arrow_forward
- help needed with all of them please A pesticide resistance allele was at a frequency of 50% in a population of flies. The pesticide was no longer effective because of the prevalence of resistant flies. Ranchers decided to stop using the pesticide, and in 20 years the resistance allele dropped to a frequency of 5%. The allele is autosomal, affects fitness in an additive fashion, and there are two fly generations per year. a) Explain in 1—2 sentences why natural selection may have caused a decrease in the frequency of the resistance allele. b) What is the selection coefficient acting against homozygotes for the resistance allele (in the absence of the pesticide)? c) What was the frequency of the resistance allele one generation after ranchers stopped using the pesticide (i.e., after one generation of viability selection)? Assume that the population was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium when ranchers stopped using the pesticide and the population underwent random mating. d) The effective…arrow_forwardquestion- Color blindness is inherited as a sex-linked recessive disease. A normal male marries a female who is heterozygous for the trait. What percentage of their sons will exhibit color blindness?arrow_forwardProblem 4: Here are four human pedigrees. The black symbols represent an abnormal phenotype inherited in a simple Mendelian manner. 2 SODOCTO 566 7 588 166 560 a. For each pedigree, state whether the abnormal condition is dominant or recessive. Try to state the logic behind your answer. b. For each pedigree, describe the genotypes of as many persons as possible.arrow_forward
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How to solve genetics probability problems; Author: Shomu's Biology;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R0yjfb1ooUs;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Beyond Mendelian Genetics: Complex Patterns of Inheritance; Author: Professor Dave Explains;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-EmvmBuK-B8;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY