Essentials of Genetics (9th Edition) - Standalone book
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780134047799
Author: William S. Klug, Michael R. Cummings, Charlotte A. Spencer, Michael A. Palladino
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 3, Problem 8PDQ
When working out genetics problems in this and succeeding chapters, alwaysassumethatmembersof the P1 generation are homozygous, unless the information or data you are given require you to do otherwise.
Refer to the Now Solve This Problem 3-2 on p. 39. Are any of the crosses in this problem testcrosses? If so, which one(s)?
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When working out genetics problems in this and succeeding chapters, always assume that members of the P1 generation are homozygous, unless the information or data you are given require you to do otherwise.HOW DO WE KNOW? we focused on the Mendelian postulates, probability, and pedigree analysis. We also considered some of the methods and reasoning by which these ideas, concepts, and techniques were developed. On the basis of these discussions,
what answers would you propose to the followingquestion.
Question: Since experimental crosses are not performed in humans, how do we know how traits are inherited?
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A single-factor cross is one in which the inheritance of only one character and its associated genotypes are followed.
Punnett squares are often used to predict the outcomes of simple genetic crosses. Based on Mendel's laws, the
genotypes of the parents can be used to predict the genes in their gametes and the resulting progeny. A Punnett square
enables you to predict the types of offspring the parents are expected to produce and in what proportions.
Sickle cell anemia is a recessive trait in humans. In a cross between two parents who are heterozygous for the gene, what are the gamete possibilities of the parer
Mother's gamete
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Father's gamete
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Question: On the basis of Mendel's hypothesis and observations, predict the results from the following crosses in garden peas: (a) a tall (dominant and homozygous) variety crossed with a dwarf variety: (b) the progeny of (a) selfed; (c) the progeny from (a) crossed with the original tall parent; (d) the progeny from (a) crossed with the original dwarf-parent variety.
Chapter 3 Solutions
Essentials of Genetics (9th Edition) - Standalone book
Ch. 3 -
CASE STUDY | To test or not to test
Thomas...Ch. 3 -
CASE STUDY | To test or not to test
Thomas...Ch. 3 - CASE STUDY | To test or not to test Thomas first...Ch. 3 -
CASE STUDY | To test or not to test
Thomas...Ch. 3 - When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 - When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 - When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 -
When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 - When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 -
When working out genetics problems in this and...
Ch. 3 - When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 - When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 - When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 - When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 -
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When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 - When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 - Prob. 26PDQCh. 3 -
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- Question: This is a normal 3 point test cross, except that instead of regular phenotypes, you are looking at DNA markers on a gel. One parent, according to the gel, is heterozygous at each marker. The other parent is homozygous for each marker. (Again, this means it is a test cross: AaEeHh x AAEEHH --but don't be confused by that, because these are not "dominant" and "recessive" per se; the phenotype is just a band on a gel). For each offspring, figure out its genotype (homozygous or heterozygous for each gene. Then, figure that one parent made only AEH gametes, so you can cross that out if it helps.) Then treat it pretty much the same as a 3 point test cross.arrow_forwardQuestion- 1. In onions, male sterility is due to the interaction of a chromosomal allele pair hh and “sterile” (S) cytoplasm. All other combinations (i.e. HH/Hh and “sterile” cytoplasm, HH/Hh or hh “fertile” (F) cytoplasm) result in male-fertile plants. The male-sterile trait is incorporated into inbred lines to produce hybrid F1 seed on a commercial scale.a) How would you perpetuate the male-sterile line? Show the cross.b) Briefly outline the method of producing hybrid seed (heterozygote) for the commercial crop. Show the cross.c) Does it matter whether the cytoplasm is fertile or sterile in the male-fertile inbred? Explain.arrow_forwardNow cross two of the F₁ offspring. Parent 1 Gametes F2 Offspring Parent 2 Gametes 24. What is the phenotypic ratio in the F2 generation? 25. In the dihybrid cross you have considered two traits at a time. Although the number of traits has increased by one, what has happened to the number of possible phenotypes of offspring produced in the F2 generation? ni llit asa2013 bhidydenom sih at Simons 1:11 sabrax gatamearrow_forward
- Question 6 Which of the Pedigree Diagrams below is most likely to show a family with Becker muscular dystrophy? B Afected female Normal fenale anecad sale Nermal maie KEY Homozygous Homazygous Heterozygous Heberozygous Wild Type Male Fumale Male Female Male Female Note: Completely red symbol denotes an individual exhibiting the phenotype of interest C OT 12 12 12 IV 1/4 14 Alfected 12. 1/2 Known camer A A B. A, 8.arrow_forwardQUESTION 1 In pea plants, round (R) is dominant to wrinkled (r), yellow (Y) is dominant to green (y), and tall (T) is dominant to short (t). A homozygous round, heterozygous yellow, short pea plant is crossed with a wrinkled, heterozygous yellow, heterozygous tall plant. Show the branching diagram, along with the probabilities of all genotypes. What is the probability (show work) and phenotype of the following genotype: Rryytt. Attach Filearrow_forwardPrinciples of Heredity 667 Activity 1 Working Out Crosses Involving Dominant and Recessive Genes For each of the following crosses, draw your own Punnett square and use the technique outlined above to determine the genotypes and phenotypes of the pea plant offspring 2. Genotypes of parents: Tt (3) × Tt (Q) % of each genotype: 1. Genotypes of parents: Tt (3) × tt (9) % of each phenotype: % tall, % dwarf % of each genotype: 3. Genotypes of parents: TT (3) X Tt (2) % of each phenotype: % tall, % dwarf % of each genotype: % of each phenotype: % tall, % dwarf Incomplete Dominance uhot alleles exnress themselves in the offspring. The crosses arearrow_forward
- QUESTION 6 In Drosophila, sepia eyes (se) and stubble bristles (sb) are recessive to the wildtype eyes and bristles (se* and sb+). A female heterozygous for both genes was test crossed to a male homozygous recessive for both genes. The progeny of this cross are given below: Phenotypes wildtype eyes and wildtype bristles (set, sbt) # of Progeny 334 widltype eyes and stubble bristles (set, sb) 162 sepia eyes and wildtype bristles (se, sb+) 158 sepia eyes and stubble bristles (se, sb) 346 What is the genetic distance (in map units) between these two genes? Are the alleles in the heterozygous female in the cis (coupling) or trans (repulsion) conformation? Are the two genes in this problem unlinked, completely linked or incompletely linked?arrow_forwardO e. Penetrance QUESTION 10 Sickle-cell anemia is a human disorder caused by a recessive allele (HbS) for the hemoglobin gene found on chromosome #11. The normal allele (HbA) is dominant. Mary has sickle-cell anemia, and she marries Steve, who does not have the disease. Mary and Steve have one kid Rosa, who has sickle-cell anemia. What is Steve's genotype? Oa. HbS Ob. HbSHbS O c. HbAHbS O d. HbAHbA Oe. Cannot be determined ck Save and Submit to save and submit. Click Save All Answers to save all answers. 7 20 # 3 $ 4 % 5 MacBook Airarrow_forward11:42 Cancel Markup Done Name: Date: Monohybrid practice problems In pea plants, the traits below exhibit the following dominance patterns: Recessive Expression: Wrinkled Dominant Expression: Round Purple |Yellow Inflated Green Trait: 1. Seed shape (R) 2. Flower color (P) 3. White Green |Constricted Yellow Terminal Short Color of seed coat (Y) Form of ripe pods (I) 4. 5. |Color of unripe pods (G) 6. Position of flowers (A) 7. Length of stem (T) Axial Tall Record the genetvnes f-Der-- = foltrawino deserintins (The first one has been done for you): а. дg A plant with yellow poás- EplancteOZygous for ereen pods N 0)e Owers С. A plant homozvaoue ycilow seeds A plant with white flowers TA piamt wilh areen seeds. Complete the Punnett Square showing the eress between a pea plant with pure round seeds and a plant with wrinkled seeds. Summanze the phenotypes and genotypes for the offspring. Genolynic PorcentadCS. Parental cross PhenolypicPerceniageS 3A pea plant with pure velow seeds is erossed…arrow_forward
- QUESTION 5. The pedigree below follows the appearance of a rare autosomal dominant condition resulting in malformation of limbs through a family. What is the penetrance of this trait? i.e., What is the ratio between the number of individuals in the pedigree who display the trait (numerator) and the number of individuals you know from the pedigree must have the trait-determining genotype (denominator)? Enter your answer in the form of a fraction without any spaces. e.g., If your answer is “one-fourth”, enter: 1/4arrow_forward11:41 Cancel Markup Done Name: Date: Monohybrid practice problems In pea plants, the traits below exhibit the following dominance patterns: Recessive Expression: Wrinkled Dominant Expression: Round Purple |Yellow Inflated Green Trait: 1. Seed shape (R) 2. Flower color (P) 3. White Green Constricted Yellow Terminal Short Color of seed coat (Y) Form of ripe pods (I) 4. 5. |Color of unripe pods (G) 6. Position of flowers (A) 7. Length of stem (T) Axial Tall Record the genotypes for pea plants with the following descriptions (The first one has been done for you: 1. а. дg A plant with yellow pods A planteozygous for ereen pods С. A plant homozvaoue ta vellow seeds A plant with white flowers A plant with areen seeds 2. Complete the Punnett Square showing the cross between a pea plant with pure round seeds and a plant with wrinkled seeds. Summarize the phenotypes and genotypes for the offspring. Parental cross Genotypic Percentages: Phenotypic Percentages: 3. A pea plant with pure yellow…arrow_forwardQUESTION 16 A series of two-point crosses were carried out among seven loci (a, b, c, d, e, f and g), producing the following recombination frequencies. Map the seven loci, showing their likage groups, the order of the loci in each linkage group, and the distances (in map units) between the loci of each group. Use the example given below for how you should format your answer. Your answer may have more or fewer linkage groups. Please format your answer as in the map of mutants o-u below (note: your answer may contain a different number of linkage groups): Linkage group 1: 0_12mu P 4mu_Q8mu Linkage group 2: S Linkage group 3: U 7mu T R Loci a and b % Recombination 50 a and c 50 a and d 50 a and e 50 a and f 50 a and g 50 b and c 50 b and d 35 b and e 50 b and f 50 b and g 50 c and d 50 c and e 24 c and f 50 c and g 10 d and e 50 d and f 20 d and g 50 e and f 50 e and g 15 fand g 50arrow_forward
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How to solve genetics probability problems; Author: Shomu's Biology;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R0yjfb1ooUs;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Beyond Mendelian Genetics: Complex Patterns of Inheritance; Author: Professor Dave Explains;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-EmvmBuK-B8;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY