Essentials of Genetics (9th Edition) - Standalone book
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780134047799
Author: William S. Klug, Michael R. Cummings, Charlotte A. Spencer, Michael A. Palladino
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 3, Problem 11PDQ
When working out genetics problems in this and succeeding chapters, always assume that members of the P1 generation are homozygous, unless the information or data you are given require you to do otherwise.
Distinguish between homozygosity and heterozygosity.
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When working out genetics problems in this and succeeding chapters, always assume that members of the P1 generation are homozygous, unless the information or data you are given require you to do otherwise.HOW DO WE KNOW? we focused on the Mendelian postulates, probability, and pedigree analysis. We also considered some of the methods and reasoning by which these ideas, concepts, and techniques were developed. On the basis of these discussions,
what answers would you propose to the followingquestion.
Question: Since experimental crosses are not performed in humans, how do we know how traits are inherited?
Question GROUP A: Genetics Problems
In humans, red-green color blindness is caused by a recessive allele on the X chromosome. A
male with normal vision and his color-blind wife have a child. If the child is male what is the
probability that he will be color-blind?
The female in the previous problem has a daughter that is color-blind. The husband claims that
this cannot be his child. Can you support or refute his argument?
Required information
A single-factor cross is one in which the inheritance of only one character and its associated genotypes are followed.
Punnett squares are often used to predict the outcomes of simple genetic crosses. Based on Mendel's laws, the
genotypes of the parents can be used to predict the genes in their gametes and the resulting progeny. A Punnett square
enables you to predict the types of offspring the parents are expected to produce and in what proportions.
Sickle cell anemia is a recessive trait in humans. In a cross between two parents who are heterozygous for the gene, what are the gamete possibilities of the parer
Mother's gamete
possibilities
Father's gamete
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Chapter 3 Solutions
Essentials of Genetics (9th Edition) - Standalone book
Ch. 3 -
CASE STUDY | To test or not to test
Thomas...Ch. 3 -
CASE STUDY | To test or not to test
Thomas...Ch. 3 - CASE STUDY | To test or not to test Thomas first...Ch. 3 -
CASE STUDY | To test or not to test
Thomas...Ch. 3 - When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 - When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 - When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 -
When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 - When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 -
When working out genetics problems in this and...
Ch. 3 - When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 - When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 - When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 - When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 -
When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 -
When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 -
When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 - When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 -
When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 - When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 - When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 -
When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 - When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 -
When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 - When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 -
When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 - When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 -
When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 - When working out genetics problems in this and...Ch. 3 - Prob. 26PDQCh. 3 -
When working out genetics problems in this and...
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- 1:31 1 Drive For each of the problems below, please make sure to... Write a DETAILED KEY that explains all of your symbols used. Show your work on problems that ask. That means make sure that you are showing at least one Punnett square. Interpret your answer. A Punnett square alone will not suffice. Indicate which types of problems or vocabulary are difficult for you so that we can review them in discussion. Monohybrid cross: A single trait is crossed with only two variations of the allele. with 2. In humans, brown eyes are usually dominant over blue eyes. Suppose a blue-eyed man marries a brown-eyed woman whose father was blue eyed. What proportion of their children would you predict would have blue eyes? A brown-eyed man whose father was brown eyed and whose mother was blue eyed married a blue eyed woman whose father and mother were both brown-eyed. The couple has a blue-eyed son. For which of the individuals mentioned can you be sure 3. of the genotypes? What are their genotypes?…arrow_forwardQuestion: This is a normal 3 point test cross, except that instead of regular phenotypes, you are looking at DNA markers on a gel. One parent, according to the gel, is heterozygous at each marker. The other parent is homozygous for each marker. (Again, this means it is a test cross: AaEeHh x AAEEHH --but don't be confused by that, because these are not "dominant" and "recessive" per se; the phenotype is just a band on a gel). For each offspring, figure out its genotype (homozygous or heterozygous for each gene. Then, figure that one parent made only AEH gametes, so you can cross that out if it helps.) Then treat it pretty much the same as a 3 point test cross.arrow_forwardQuestion: On the basis of Mendel's hypothesis and observations, predict the results from the following crosses in garden peas: (a) a tall (dominant and homozygous) variety crossed with a dwarf variety: (b) the progeny of (a) selfed; (c) the progeny from (a) crossed with the original tall parent; (d) the progeny from (a) crossed with the original dwarf-parent variety.arrow_forward
- Genetic Problems Read the following genetic problems, and then complete the activities and questions for each problem 1. In the pea plant, the green pod color allele is dominant to the yellow pod color allele. o Set-up a monohybrid cross between a pea plant that is heterozygous and a true-breeding yellow pod pea plant. o What percentage of the offspring produced from this cross would you expect to have yellow pods? 2. Within a mouse population, the black fur allele (B) is dominant to the white fur allele (b) and the short whisker allele (S) is dominant to the ngs long-whisker allele (s). o A heterozygous black-furred short-whiskered mouse is crossed with a homozygous white-furred long-whiskered mouse. o What percentage of the offspring will be black-furred with long whiskers? 3. A physician is examining the blood types of children from a family. o Child 1 has blood type AB, Child 2 has blood type B, Child 3 has blood type B, and Child 4 has blood type A. o Based on the phenotypes of…arrow_forwardProblem 4: Here are four human pedigrees. The black symbols represent an abnormal phenotype inherited in a simple Mendelian manner. 2 SODOCTO 566 7 588 166 560 a. For each pedigree, state whether the abnormal condition is dominant or recessive. Try to state the logic behind your answer. b. For each pedigree, describe the genotypes of as many persons as possible.arrow_forwardhelp needed with all of them please A pesticide resistance allele was at a frequency of 50% in a population of flies. The pesticide was no longer effective because of the prevalence of resistant flies. Ranchers decided to stop using the pesticide, and in 20 years the resistance allele dropped to a frequency of 5%. The allele is autosomal, affects fitness in an additive fashion, and there are two fly generations per year. a) Explain in 1—2 sentences why natural selection may have caused a decrease in the frequency of the resistance allele. b) What is the selection coefficient acting against homozygotes for the resistance allele (in the absence of the pesticide)? c) What was the frequency of the resistance allele one generation after ranchers stopped using the pesticide (i.e., after one generation of viability selection)? Assume that the population was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium when ranchers stopped using the pesticide and the population underwent random mating. d) The effective…arrow_forward
- question- Color blindness is inherited as a sex-linked recessive disease. A normal male marries a female who is heterozygous for the trait. What percentage of their sons will exhibit color blindness?arrow_forwardPROBLEM SOLVING: 1. What is the probability of a woman who will have 5 children giving to four girls and 1 boy in that order? (Apply product or Sum Law of Probability). 5 points 2. If two parents, both heterozygous carriers of the autosomal recessive gene causing cystic fibrosis, have five children, what is the probability that exactly three will be normal? (Use binomial formula) 5 pointsarrow_forwardQuestion 6 Which of the Pedigree Diagrams below is most likely to show a family with Becker muscular dystrophy? B Afected female Normal fenale anecad sale Nermal maie KEY Homozygous Homazygous Heterozygous Heberozygous Wild Type Male Fumale Male Female Male Female Note: Completely red symbol denotes an individual exhibiting the phenotype of interest C OT 12 12 12 IV 1/4 14 Alfected 12. 1/2 Known camer A A B. A, 8.arrow_forward
- Need help figuring out the chi-square analysis. The ratio is 3:3:1:1. See attached spreadsheet.arrow_forwardMonohybrid Practice Problems For each of the following, show the Punnett Square and give the Genotype AND Phenotype for each on your own paper! 1. In human, brown eyes are dominant over blue eyes. What type of offspring would you expect if you crossed a heterozygous brown eyed person to a heterozygous brown eyed person? 2. A widow's peak hairline is dominant to straight hairline. Cross a heterozygous widow's peak hairline person to a straight hairline person. 3. In humans premature gray hair is dominant over normal hair coloring. Cross a homozygous premature gray haired person to a homozygous normal haired person. 4. In humans tongue rolling is dominant to non-tongue rolling. What would be the expected type of offspring if a homozygous tongue roller was crossed to a heterozygous tongue roller? 5. Brown hair is dominant over light colored hair. Cross two light haired people. 6. In a certain plant yellow fruit is dominant to white fruit. A heterozygous plant with yellow fruit is crossed…arrow_forward11:41 Cancel Markup Done Name: Date: Monohybrid practice problems In pea plants, the traits below exhibit the following dominance patterns: Recessive Expression: Wrinkled Dominant Expression: Round Purple |Yellow Inflated Green Trait: 1. Seed shape (R) 2. Flower color (P) 3. White Green Constricted Yellow Terminal Short Color of seed coat (Y) Form of ripe pods (I) 4. 5. |Color of unripe pods (G) 6. Position of flowers (A) 7. Length of stem (T) Axial Tall Record the genotypes for pea plants with the following descriptions (The first one has been done for you: 1. а. дg A plant with yellow pods A planteozygous for ereen pods С. A plant homozvaoue ta vellow seeds A plant with white flowers A plant with areen seeds 2. Complete the Punnett Square showing the cross between a pea plant with pure round seeds and a plant with wrinkled seeds. Summarize the phenotypes and genotypes for the offspring. Parental cross Genotypic Percentages: Phenotypic Percentages: 3. A pea plant with pure yellow…arrow_forward
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How to solve genetics probability problems; Author: Shomu's Biology;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R0yjfb1ooUs;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Beyond Mendelian Genetics: Complex Patterns of Inheritance; Author: Professor Dave Explains;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-EmvmBuK-B8;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY