Human Biology: Concepts and Current Issues (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134042435
Author: Michael D. Johnson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 3, Problem 3TY
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Transport takes place in cells through various physical and chemical processes. Sometimes the transport of molecules requires specialized channels, sometimes it happens because of the concentration gradient of the substance to be transported. In certain cases, it requires the input of energy.
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Cells transport sodium ions out of the cell against the sodium concentration gradient. This is an example of: a. facilitated diffusion b. simple diffusion c. diffusion via channel proteins d. endocytosis e. active transport
For the following modes of transport for membranes, tell whether the flow is with or against chemical potenial. Meaning +deltaG or -deltag
A. Passive Diffusion
B.Faciliated Diffusion
C.Active Transport
secondary active transport depends on which of the following principles?
a. sodium is pumped out of the cell against a concentration gradient by primary active transport
b. sodium moves out of the cell with a concentration gradient
c. primary active transport is necessary to pump sodium into the cell from a higher to lower concentration
d. diffusion causes sodium to move out of the cell
Chapter 3 Solutions
Human Biology: Concepts and Current Issues (8th Edition)
Ch. 3 -
1. What is your opinion on this controversy? What...Ch. 3 - Suppose that you held frozen embryos at a private...Ch. 3 - Prob. 1CRCh. 3 - Prob. 2CRCh. 3 - Describe how phospholipids are oriented in the...Ch. 3 - Define passive transport and name the three...Ch. 3 - Compare and contrast endocytosis and exocytosis.Ch. 3 - Describe the activity of the sodium-potassium pump...Ch. 3 - Prob. 7CRCh. 3 - Prob. 8CR
Ch. 3 -
9. What are the four stages of ATP production...Ch. 3 -
10. Describe what happens to a cell’s ability to...Ch. 3 -
1. Which of the following adaptations would...Ch. 3 - Which of the following is always at the same...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3TYCh. 3 - Red blood cells placed in distilled water will: a....Ch. 3 - Which organelles are most active during vigorous...Ch. 3 - Phagocytic white blood cells engulf and digest...Ch. 3 - Prob. 7TYCh. 3 -
8. Which organelles would be active in liver...Ch. 3 - Prob. 9TYCh. 3 -
10. Which of the following is/are the most...Ch. 3 - Prob. 11TYCh. 3 - Prob. 12TYCh. 3 -
13. In which stage of cell respiration does...Ch. 3 - Which of the following is/are recycled during...Ch. 3 - Most of the ATP produced during cell respiration...Ch. 3 - Imagine that you are shown two cells under the...Ch. 3 - The sodium-potassium pump is a large protein...Ch. 3 - Mitochondria resemble a bacterial cell in a number...Ch. 3 - Prob. 4AWKCh. 3 - Recently, a young man from Derby in the United...Ch. 3 - You have been selected to serve on a jury for a...Ch. 3 - Although normal physiological processes produce...
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- The passive, non-mediated movement of particles into or out of a cell following the particle’s concentration gradient is called A. osmosis B. vesicular transport C. filtration D. diffusion E. facilitated diffusion F. active transportarrow_forwardGlucose is transported across the cell membrane of intestinal cells. The cells lining the small intestine, however, rapidly move large quantities of glucose from the glucose-rich food into their glucose-poor cytoplasm. Using this information, which transport mechanism is most probably functioning in the intestinal cells? A facilitated diffusion B simple diffusion C osmosis D concentration gradientarrow_forwardWhat is the Description and Examples in the body of these Cell transport? Explain in 2-3 sentencesDescription:Examples in the body: a. Diffusion b. Osmosis c. Facilitated Diffusionarrow_forward
- How does each of the following molecule pass through the plasma membrane in the described scenarios? A. Both simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion B. facilitated diffusion C. simple diffusion D. active transport 1. Molecular oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) traveling downtheir concentration gradient. 2. inorganic ions traveling down their concentration gradient 3. glucose traveling against its concentration gradient 4. water molecules (H2O) traveling down their concentration gradientarrow_forwardThe main force driving movement in diffusion across membranes is due to A. concentration gradients B. Size of the molecules C. Membrane surface area D. Temperature Questionarrow_forwardone reason active transport has a limited maximum transport rate at which it can progress is due to the fact that a. energy required is not available inside the cell b. carrier proteins are not on the surface of the cell membrane c. ion channels are limited in size d. the number of carrier proteins is limited and therefore they can become saturatedarrow_forward
- secondary active transport depends on which of the following principals a. sodium is pumped pout of the cells against a concentration gradient by [primary active transport b. sodium moves out the cells with a concentration gradient c. primary active transport is necessary to pump sodium into the cell from higher to lower concentration d. diffusion causes sodium to move our of the cellarrow_forwardWhich of the following scenarios is an example of diffusion? A. A glass of water is spilled, and the water flows all over the place B. Sodium and chloride ions from salt dissipate through a glass of water, passing through a membrane in the process C. Water flows through a membrane based on the amount of solute on either side of the membrane D. A cloud of hairspray dissipates throughout a room E. All of the answer choices are correctarrow_forwardWhich of the following is incorrect regarding facilitated diffusion?a. It is a passive process.b. It allows the movement of molecules from areas of lowconcentration to areas of high concentration.c. It may use either channel or carrier proteins.d. It allows the rapid transport of glucose across the membrane.arrow_forward
- The image illustrates passive and active transport across the cell membrane. (Use the diagram to answer questions A-D) A. 1. Which section represents facilitated diffusion?2. Explain why or how can you tell?3. Does the cell expend energy in this transport?4. Why or why not?5. What type of solute molecules may be moved by this type of transport? B. 1. Which section shows active transport?2. Explain why or how can you tell?3. Does the cell expend energy in this transport?4. Why or why not? C. 1. Which section shows diffusion?2. What type of solute molecules may be moved by this type of transport? D. Which of these sections are considered passive transport? Explain.arrow_forwardWhich is common between active transport and facilitated diffusion A Both uses metabolic energy B Both processes happen with the aid of transport proteins C Both of them transport molecules from lower to higher concentration D Both of them transport molecules from higher to lower concentrationarrow_forwardThis graph shows facilitated diffusion of a compound across a cytoplasmic membrane and into a cell. As the external concentration of the compound is increased, the rate of uptake increases until it reaches a point where it slows and then begins to plateau. This is not the case with passive diffusion, where the rate of uptake continually increases as the solute concentration increases. Why does the rate of uptake slow and then eventually plateau with facilitated diffusion?arrow_forward
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