Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The mechanism for the given conversion reaction is to be explained.
Concept introduction:
The preparation of
A nucleophile is the Lewis base that donates a pair of an electron to form a covalent bond with the electrophile. An electrophile is the Lewis acid that accepts the electron to form a bond with the nucleophile.
The good leaving groups are the weak base. They can be an anion or neutral molecule.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 27 Solutions
General Chemistry: Principles and Modern Applications (11th Edition)
- Alkyne anions react with the carbonyl groups of aldehydes and ketones to form alkynyl alcohols, as illustrated by the following sequence. HCI CH,C=C Na* + H-C-H [CH,C=C-CH,O Na*] H,O → CH,C=C-CH,OH Propose a mechanism for the formation of the bracketed compound, using curved arrows to show the flow of electron pairs in the course of the reaction.arrow_forwardA compound with formula C7H12O is treated with sodium borohydride in methanol to yield 2,2-dimethylcylopentanol. Write a reaction scheme showing the structures of the reactant, the reagents, and the product. Will the product be optically active? Explain.arrow_forward2-chloropropane is a major product of the reaction of chlorine with propane under ultraviolet light. Write the mechanism for this reaction including the initiation step and the two propagation steps.arrow_forward
- Disiamylborane adds only once to alkynes by virtue of its two bulky secondary isoamylgroups. Disiamylborane is prepared by the reaction of BH3 # THF with an alkene.(a) Draw the structural formulas of the reagents and the products in the preparation ofdisiamylboranearrow_forwardGive the name of the major organic product formed by the following reaction:arrow_forwardAlkenes can be converted to alcohols by reaction with mercuric acetate to form a ß-hydroxyalkylmercury(II) acetate compound, a reaction called oxymercuration. Subsequent reduction with NaBH reduces the C-Hg bond to a C-H bond, forming the alkyl alcohol, a reaction called demercuration. Draw the structure of the Hg-containing compound and the final alcohol product formed in the reaction sequence. CH3 Hg(OOCCH3)2 NaBH4 HO™ Oxymercuration product Demercuration Product H₂O, THF Draw the alcohol product of demercuration. Draw the neutral product of oxymercuration. Omit byproducts. OH Hg Incorrectarrow_forward
- The reaction of ozone with 2-butene leads to -10 formation of aldehyde + ketone 0 aldehyde + alcohol 0 two molecules of carboxylic acid 0arrow_forward5B In the following reactions, mixtures of alkenes and ethyl ethers are formed. Draw their structures. Explain which is or are likely to be the main product(s) in each reaction. In case of formation of two isomers of alkenes, explain which is formed in greater proportion CH3 CH3 H3C-C H -Br CH3 EtOHarrow_forwardPredict which member of each group is most soluble in water, and explain the reasons for your predictions.(a) butan-1-ol, pentan-1-ol, or propan-2-ol(b) chlorocyclohexane, cyclohexanol, or cyclohexane-1,2-diol(c) phenol, cyclohexanol, or 4-methylcyclohexanolarrow_forward
- CH3 CH3 H cyclopentamine The synthesis of cyclopentamine, an amphetamine-like central nervous system stimulant, from materials of five carbons or fewer involves several steps, one of which is shown below. Draw the structure(s) of the major organic product(s) of the following reaction: Mg, dry ether Br productarrow_forward3. Ethanoic acid (vinegar) when diluted to low concentrations by water can be prepared from ethene by a) reduction with H2, followed by reaction with a strong oxidizer b) addition of HCL followed by reaction with H20 c) addition of H20 followed by reaction with a strong oxidizer d) addition of Br2 e) followed by reduction with H2arrow_forwardWrite down the common (not IUPAC) names of the organic molecules that would be released if this molecule were hydrolyzed: CH2−O−C—(CH2);–CH=CH–CH2–CH=CH—(CH2)4—CH3 CH-O-C-(CH2)14-CH3 O 11 CH2−O−C— (CH2)14 — CH3 Separate each name with a comma. You will find useful information in the ALEKS Data resource. 1 010 Continue O a X 000 Y F8 F9 Submiarrow_forward
- ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage LearningChemistryChemistryISBN:9781259911156Author:Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby ProfessorPublisher:McGraw-Hill EducationPrinciples of Instrumental AnalysisChemistryISBN:9781305577213Author:Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. CrouchPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9780078021558Author:Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.Publisher:McGraw-Hill EducationChemistry: Principles and ReactionsChemistryISBN:9781305079373Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. HurleyPublisher:Cengage LearningElementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind...ChemistryISBN:9781118431221Author:Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. BullardPublisher:WILEY