Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.
a. Respiratory acidosis is caused by hypoventilation.
b. Renal compensation for acid-base disturbances begins within minutes, whereas respiratory compensation begins within several hours.
c. Respiratory compensation for
d. Renal compensation for metabolic alkalosis consists of reabsorption of hydrogen ions and secretion of bicarbonate ions.
e. You would expect to find an elevated
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Chapter 25 Solutions
Human Anatomy & Physiology (2nd Edition)
- Which of the following is characterized as metabolic alkalosis?a. increased pH, decreased pCO2, decreased HCO3–b. increased pH, increased pCO2, increased HCO3–c. decreased pH, decreased pCO2, decreasedHCO3–d. decreased pH, increased pCO2, increased HCO3–arrow_forwarda patient with diabetes has been diagnosed with metabolic acidosis. identify the mechanisms by which the body will adapt, CHECK ALL THAT APPLY a. reabsorption of H ions from proximal convoluted tubule b. increased respiratory rate c. decreased filtration of HCO3 in glomerular capsule d. reabsorption of filtered HCO3 from the proximal convoluted tubule e. secretion of H ions by the intercalated cellsarrow_forwardHyperchloremia is most likely to result ina. alkalosis.b. acidosis.c. hypernatremia.d. hyperkalemia.e. hypovolemiaarrow_forward
- A patient with a urine pH of 4.5, a blood pH of 7.3 and a PCO2 of 32 mmHg. Identify the acid base imbalance with its compensation. A. respiratory acidosis with metabolic alkalosis B. metabolic alkalosis with respiratory acidosis C. respiratory alkalosis with metabolic acidosis D. metabolic acidosis with respiratory alkalosisarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements regarding the role of the respiratory system in the acid-base status of the body is NOT TRUE? A. Non-volatile acids are excreted by ventilation B. Volatile acids are excreted by ventilation. OC. Hyperventilation can result in a respiratory alkalosis. D. Hypoventilation can result in a respiratory acidosis OE. Ventilation adjusts the PCO2-bicarbonate buffer system.arrow_forwardAll the following are expected to cause water-retention induced hyponatremia EXCEPT: O a. Renal failure. O b. Congestive cardiac failure (CCF). Oc. Cushing's syndrome. O d. SIADarrow_forward
- Describe what happens with H+ levels in the urine and HCO3- levels in the urine during respiratory alkalosis. Explain how this compensation mechanism helps with respiratory alkalosis.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is correct about chloride reabsorption from the loop of Henle? Group of answer choices A. Cl– is reabsorbed to the blood through the channels in the basolateral cell membrane of the thick segment of loop of Henle B. Cl– is reabsorbed through Na–K–2Cl cotransporter in the basolateral membrane of the thick segment of loop of Henle C. Cl– is reabsorbed through chloride/bicarbonate cotransporters D. Some Chloride is allowed through the Para cellular gaps E. Both A and B are correctarrow_forwardDescribe what happens with H+ levels in the urine and HCO3- levels in the urine during respiratory alkalosis. Explain how this compensation mechanism helps with respiratory acidosis.arrow_forward
- Metabolic acidosis is often treated by administering hydrogen carbonate intravenously. Explain how this treatment can increase blood plasma pH.arrow_forwardcircle the term that does not belong in each of the following groupings 2. Acidosis Carbonic acid Hypoventilation CO2 buildup 3. Acidosis Hyperventilation Hypoventilation CO2 buildup 4. Apnea Cyanosis ↑ O2 ↓ O2 5. ↓ pH ↑ blood CO2 Acidosis blood H+arrow_forwardMr. Jones has COPD, an obstructive respiratory disorder. An arterial blood gas (ABG) sample was taken and she had an elevated arterial PCO2. Answer the following questions: What happens to H+ concentrations? What happens to pH? What type of acid-base imbalance is created? (Hint: Select one of these choices: metabolic acidosis, metabolic alkalosis, respiratory acidosis, or respiratory alkalosis) What type of compensation occurs? What does the body do during this type of compensation?arrow_forward