Chapter 24.4, Problem 6P

Interpretation Introduction

a) p-Nitroaniline, p-aminobenzaldehyde, p-bromoaniline

Interpretation:

The compounds p-nitroaniline, p-aminobenzaldehyde and p-bromoaniline are to be arranged in the increasing order of their basicity.

Concept introduction:

Amines are basic as they can donate the lone pair if electrons on the N atom. Generally aryl amines are less basic than alkyl amines. An electron withdrawing substituent present on the aromatic ring reduces the base strength while an electron releasing substituent present on the aromatic ring enhances the base strength.

Interpretation Introduction

b) p-Chloroaniline, p-aminoacetophenone, p-methylaniline

Interpretation:

The compounds p-chloroaniline, p-aminoacetophenone and p-methylaniline are to be arranged in the increasing order of their basicity.

Concept introduction:

Amines are basic as they can donate the lone pair if electrons on the N atom. Generally aryl amines are less basic than alkyl amines. An electron withdrawing substituent present on the aromatic ring reduces the base strength while an electron releasing substituent present on the aromatic ring enhances the base strength.

Interpretation Introduction

c) p-(trifluoromethyl)aniline, p-methylaniline, p-(fluoromethyl)aniline

Interpretation:

The compounds p-(trifluoromethyl)aniline, p-methylaniline and p-(fluoromethyl) aniline are to be arranged in the increasing order of their basicity.

Concept introduction:

Amines are basic as they can donate the lone pair if electrons on the N atom. Generally aryl amines are less basic than alkyl amines. An electron withdrawing substituent present on the aromatic ring reduces the base strength while an electron releasing substituent present on the aromatic ring enhances the base strength.