Campbell Essential Biology with Physiology (6th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780134711751
Author: Eric J. Simon, Jean L. Dickey, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 24, Problem 10SQ
Once vaccinated, you have had a primary exposure to specific antigens. If you ever encounter these antigens again, your body will mount a rapid immune response. The cells that account for this rapid secondary response are called ______. The process that produces these long-lived cells is called _____.
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Chapter 24 Solutions
Campbell Essential Biology with Physiology (6th Edition)
Ch. 24 - Prob. 1SQCh. 24 - Classify each of the following components of the...Ch. 24 - Prob. 3SQCh. 24 - What makes a secondary immune response faster than...Ch. 24 - Prob. 5SQCh. 24 - Prob. 6SQCh. 24 - Prob. 7SQCh. 24 - Prob. 8SQCh. 24 - Prob. 9SQCh. 24 - Once vaccinated, you have had a primary exposure...
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- The Adaptive Immune Response Is a Specific Defense Against Infection Compare the general inflammatory response, the complement system, and the specific immune response.arrow_forwardAn antigen acts is a molecule that acts like a name tag, allowing the immune system to recognize the cell it is attached to. The name tag might say: "Hello I'm... a deadly virus," or “Hello I'm... a healthy human cell." It is very important that an antigen for a deadly virus and a healthy human cell are very different, so that the immune system does not make a mistake and attack healthy human body cells. Which of the following molecules do you think would make good antigens for recognizing a pathogen? Justify your answer. You may choose more than one. 1) a cell wall protein 2) a piece of DNA inside a cell 3) a protein that is part of a flagella 4) a uniquely shaped protein that is part of a virus 5) a protein that is only made by prokaryotic cells 6) a protein that is only made by eukaryotic cellsarrow_forwardOne beautiful warm day in June, you are on a picnic and are stung on your finger by a bee. Although it hurt a little, you are soon enjoying the early summer day. The next morning you wake up to fi nd that your finger is swollen, quite stiff, red, and warmer than the rest of your fi ngers. In addition, you seem to have a bit of a fever.a. Which parts of the immune system seem to be activated?b. Which classic responses to injury did you experience?c. Explain which cytokines and cell types were probably most responsible for manyof your symptoms.arrow_forward
- Following a primary immune response, the B-cells and T-cells that remain dormant but are able to respond to antigens encountered in the future are called _________.arrow_forwardStatement 1: Phagocytosis is one of the mechanisms performed by multicellular organisms as a defense against invading microorganisms and also to remove old and/or damaged cells from the body. Statement 2: Some types of white blood cells in humans are professional phagocytes. A Both statements are true. Statement 1 is true. Statement 2 is false. Both statements are false. D Statement 1 is false. Statement 1 is true.arrow_forwardThe immune system can be split into two major categories, the innate immune system and the adaptive immune system. Compare and contrast these two systems and their response to a bacterial pathogen that entered the body through a cut in the skin. In your answer describe two ways in which the innate immune system protects against this pathogen, as well as two ways that the adaptive immune system protectS against this pathogen. Be sure to name any cells/organs/tissues/structures that may be involved in each of these processes in order to receive full marks. This can be done as a list in point form.arrow_forward
- John frequently encountered bacterial infections. Tests for immune cells showed the presence of mature B and T cells in his blood. Extensive analysis showed that John was lacking a gene responsible for a protein for complement factor C5. 1. Which immune response will be inhibited because of C5 deficiency? 2. How would it affect John’s ability to fight infections? Specifically what type of infections is he likely to have difficulty fighting? Please explain in detail. 3. What would have been the implications if he was lacking the C3 complement component?arrow_forwardPhagocytes are drawn to the area of cell damage by histamine by a process called ___.arrow_forwardVaccines work to protect us against future infections by a bacteria or virus we may not have even encountered yet. In the space below, describe how a vaccine can protect against a future infection by a particular virus. In your answer explain what the vaccine is made of, the effects on any cells of the adaptive immune system involved, and explain how this can protect against a future infection by that virus.arrow_forward
- If our immune system can recognize any foreign antigen, why is it necessary to vaccinate a person?arrow_forwardWhich statement is true? is it both true? or is it both incorrect? Statement 1: Major histocompatibility complex proteins help the immune system recognize 'self' vs 'non-self'. Statement 2: Self immunity refers to the ability of the immune system to recognize foreign antigens.arrow_forwardTuberculosis is a chronic respiratory condition caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a high contagious bacterium. People with tuberculosis will often have a persistent (sometimes bloody) cough, fatigue, weight loss, and fever. M. tuberculosis produces a protein we will call “X”. A new test for tuberculosis checks for X antibodies in a person’s blood. If the antibodies are present, the result is “positive.” Why would X antibodies be present in someone’s blood? What specific kind of cells would produce them?arrow_forward
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