John frequently encountered bacterial infections. Tests for immune cells showed the presence of mature B and T cells in his blood. Extensive analysis showed that John was lacking a gene responsible for a protein for complement factor C5. 1. Which immune response will be inhibited because of C5 deficiency? 2. How would it affect John’s ability to fight infections? Specifically what type of infections is he likely to have difficulty fighting? Please explain in detail. 3. What would have been the implications if he was

John frequently encountered bacterial infections. Tests for immune cells showed the presence of mature B and T cells in his blood. Extensive analysis showed that John was lacking a gene responsible for a protein for complement factor C5. 1. Which immune response will be inhibited because of C5 deficiency? 2. How would it affect John’s ability to fight infections? Specifically what type of infections is he likely to have difficulty fighting? Please explain in detail. 3. What would have been the implications if he was

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285866932

Author:Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood

Chapter12: Body Defenses

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 14RE

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The T lymphocytes as macrophages, secrete a number of polypeptides (cytokines) generally called lymphokines that serve as autocrine regulators of the immune system.a. Identify any five (5) lymphokines and explain their functions.b. Briefly state a function for each of the following immune cells. Monocytes Mast Cells B Lymphocytes Cytotoxic, T Lymphocytes Helper T Lymphocytes
Suppose a person recovers normally from viral infections, but then gets the same viral infections over and over again- unlike the rest of us. A. What is probably wrong –B cells, helper T cells and/or cytotoxic T cells? B. Should this person be at a higher risk of cancer than the rest of us? C. Should this person be able to lyse bacterial cells as well as the rest of us? D. Should this person tolerate a graft (from an unreated person) better than you are me?
The T lymphocytes as macrophages, secrete a number of polypeptides (cytokines) generally called lymphokines that serve as autocrine regulators of the immune system. Identify any five (5) lymphokines and explain their functions.
The emphasis in innate immunity is that it is non-specific. Explain how two different factors/parts of the human innate immune system are not specific to a particular pathogen.” “2. Antibodies are a crucial part of adaptive immunity. Discuss the structure of an antibody and how the adaptive immune system is capable of producing different antibodies for a wide variety of antigens.” “3. The innate and adaptive immune systems typically communicate with each other. Which system acts first and then communicates with the other? Why would this be advantageous?
Different MHC I molecules between donor and recipient cells can lead to the rejection of a transplanted organ or tissue. Suggest a reason for this. 2. If a series of genetic mutations prevented some, but not all, of the complement proteins from binding antibodies or pathogens, would the entire complement system be compromised? Explain 3. The Rh antigen is found on Rh-positive red blood cells. An Rh-negative female can usually carry an Rh-positive fetus to term without difficulty. However, if she has a second Rh-positive fetus, her body may launch an immune attack that causes hemolytic disease of the newborn. Why do you think hemolytic disease is only a problem during the second or subsequent pregnancies?
match the cytokine with its description. 1.Interleukin-1 2.Interleukin-2 3.Interleukin-12 a. Stimulates formation of TH1 helper T lymphocytes b. Stimulates ACTH secretion c.Stimulates proliferation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes d.Stimulates proliferation of B lymphocytes
A friend was recently diagnosed with strep throat. One week after his treatment, he redeveloped the infection. In conversation, your friend tells you, “I must have become immune to the drug the doctor gave me!” a. Discuss the validity of your friend’s statement, providing evidence in support of or refuting his claim. b. After further conversation, your friend tells you that he stopped taking his initial antibiotics after 2 days because he “felt 100% better.” Explain how this action might have played a role in the redevelopment of his infection. c. When he returned to his physician, she ordered a test to determine which antibiotic should be prescribed to treat his reinfection. Summarize a test that could be used to obtain this information.
One beautiful warm day in June, you are on a picnic and are stung on your finger by a bee. Although it hurt a little, you are soon enjoying the early summer day. The next morning you wake up to fi nd that your finger is swollen, quite stiff, red, and warmer than the rest of your fi ngers. In addition, you seem to have a bit of a fever.a. Which parts of the immune system seem to be activated?b. Which classic responses to injury did you experience?c. Explain which cytokines and cell types were probably most responsible for manyof your symptoms.
Statement 1: Phagocytosis is one of the mechanisms performed by multicellular organisms as a defense against invading microorganisms and also to remove old and/or damaged cells from the body. Statement 2: Some types of white blood cells in humans are professional phagocytes. A Both statements are true. Statement 1 is true. Statement 2 is false. Both statements are false. D Statement 1 is false. Statement 1 is true.
Olajumoke is a 49-year-old lady with a history of obesity, she is currently attending a weight loss clinic and receiving treatment for her leg ulcers. She has an infected ulcer in her thigh and has been reporting that she feels feverish. She has explained to her key worker that she no longer wants to live “as its all too hard”. a. Explain your understanding of the immune system and phagocytosis (including the different stages). b. Explain how Olujamoke’s physical health and mental health presentation may be interrelated and affect her mental health. c. What interventions would you suggest (Please provide a rationale)?
Helper T cells can be activated by macrophages(which engulf everything indiscriminately) or by B cells (which only engulf antigens that stick to their receptors). A. What properties so macrophages and B cells have ibn common that allows them both to activate T cells? B. It has been suggested that macrophages probably do most to fhte T cell activating in the primary response but B cells do most of it in the secondary response. Why does this make sense?
44) Concerning the functions of macrophages, which of the following statements is CORRECT: a. Macrophages can phagocytose pathogens and produce antibodies b. Macrophages can help T cells to stimulate complement c. Macrophages can phagocytose pathogens and are antigen presentation cells d. Macrophages activate the clotting cascade e. None of the above