a.
To determine: The number of variables present in the graph.
Introduction: The parathyroid hormone is located on the dorsal surface of the thyroid gland. The main function of parathyroid hormone is to elevate the concentration of Ca2+ in the plasma. To achieve this increase, parathyroid hormones act on the kidney, bones, and intestine.
b.
To determine: The ways in which the results of the study can be explained.
Introduction: The parathyroid hormone increases the reabsorption of calcium in the distal part of the nephron in each kidney. It enhances the intestinal absorption of calcium via its action on vitamin D3.
c.
To determine: Whether supplements of multivitamins affect the results.
Introduction: The hormone 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol increases the intestinal absorption of calcium. This hormone is also known as vitamin D3 or calcitriol. The body synthesizes calcitriol from vitamin D that has been acquired through diet or formed in the skin through the action of sunlight.
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Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach (8th Edition)
- A70-year-old woman with a long history of systemic lupus erythematosus has been receiving prednisone for the past 3 months. She also has been receiving captopril to treat her hypertension. Which of the following laboratory results would be evident in this patient? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???????? a. Hyperglycemia b. Hyponatremia c. Hypercalcemia d. Hypocholesterolemia e. Hypokalemiaarrow_forwardDifferentiate between the following.give examples where possible.arrow_forwardCancer stem cells (CSCs) are cancer cells (found within tumors or hematological cancers) that possess characteristics associated with normal stem cells, specifically the ability to give rise to all cell types found in a particular cancer sample. There are many biomedical engineering based approaches to detect CSCs. 1) What is the importance and advanatge of detecting CSCs? 2) What kind of systems have been developed to detect CSCs? Describe by giving examples. Please explain in detail with your own words.arrow_forward
- Next, compare blood glucose concentrations of wild type mice fed NCD to Cmah mice fed NCD. Do these data support, contradict or say nothing about the hypothesis that the \textit{Cmah} gene does not affect blood glucose? Explain your answer thoroughly.arrow_forwardFor the following diseases, describe the best technique for diagnosing them. Please make sure you include how you would tell someone with the disease from someone without the disease. A. Hemochromatosis, a recessive genetic disease caused by mutations in the HFE gene, which helps sense iron levels. Mutations in the HFE gene lead to the absorption and storage of excess iron, damaging the liver, heart, and pancreas. The HFE protein is still produced, but does not function properly. B. Factor V Leiden thrombophilia is caused by a point mutation at position 1691 in exon 10 of the Factor V clotting factor gene that changes an arginine into a glutamine. This change removes one of the cleavage sites for activated protein C and leads to an increased tendency to clot. C. Babesiosis is an infection by the parasite Babesia microti that is carried by deer ticks, similar to Lyme disease. The parasite infects red blood cells in humans.arrow_forwardFor the following diseases, describe the best technique for diagnosing them. Please make sure you include how you would tell someone with the disease from someone without the disease. A. Hemochromatosis, a recessive genetic disease caused by mutations in the HFE gene, which helps sense iron levels. Mutations in the HFE gene lead to the absorption and storage of excess iron, damaging the liver, heart, and pancreas. The HFE protein is still produced, but does not function properly.arrow_forward
- In the pathological manifestations of intestinal and brain tissues in NEC neonatal rats section of the results section the authors wrote “The histological score of intestinal tissues revealed a significant difference (P = 0.016) between normal (0 +/- 0) and NEC (2.33 +/- 0.58) groups (Table 1), which further indicated a successful construction of NEC models.” Other than saying there was a significant difference, how do you know that there was a significant difference? link to article: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12868-022-00749-1arrow_forwardWhich of the following is true regarding folate/folic acid: a.Intakes below recommended dietary allowance (RDA) during pregnancy is associated with neural tube defects b.Excess intakes of folic acid (above UL) should be encouraged as there are no associated adverse effects c.Intakes above the tolerable upper intake levels (UL) of 1000 µg/day should be avoided because it may lead to adverse health effects, including masking B-12 deficiency d.a, carrow_forwardB2. During a mass spectrometry experiment, the spectrum of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) was acquired. The absolute error of VEGF-A, having a mass of 1024.5210 Da was 0.06 Da. Calculate the relative error (ppm). (10 marks)arrow_forward
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