Chapter 21, Problem 118AE

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The extent of solubility of octanoic acid in $\text{1M}\text{HCl,}\text{1M}\text{NaOH}$, or pure water is to be explained and the treatment of morphine with strong acids is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Octanoic acid $\left({\text{C}}_{\text{8}}{\text{H}}_{\text{16}}{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}\right)$ is a carboxylic acid. Carboxylic acids undergo nucleophilic addition reactions as it contains $\text{-OH}$ nucleophile and formed derivatives of acid. As carboxylic acids are weak acids they partially dissociate to form ${\text{H}}^{\text{+}}$ and ${\text{RCOO}}^{\text{-}}$ ions. Amines react with hydrochloric acid to form soluble compounds.

To determine: The extent of solubility of octanoic acid in $\text{1M}\text{HCl,}\text{1M}\text{NaOH}$, or pure water and the treatment of morphine with strong acids.