Foundations in Microbiology
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781259705212
Author: Kathleen Park Talaro, Barry Chess Instructor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 20.3, Problem 11ELO
Explain the importance of the three major surface antigens seen in gram-negative enteric rods.
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Explain the importance of the three major surface antigens seen ingram-negative enteric rods.
are Large numbers of gram-negative rods in the blood a form primary or seondary type of infection? and is it latent or chronic?

A 27-year-old man has had a fever and cough for four months . Auscultation of the chest discloses crepitant crackles confined to the apex that persist despite coughing. An x-ray off the chest shows enlarged hilar lymph nodes. Acid fast stain of the sputum is positive. Which of the following characterizes the cellular host reaction?
A) Humoral antibody formation of B lymphocytes
B) interferon gamma production by CD4 T lymphocytes
C) interferon gamma production by CD8 T lymphocytes
D) macrophage lysis by B lymphocytes
E) macrophage lysis by CD4 T lymphocytes 
Chapter 20 Solutions
Foundations in Microbiology
Ch. 20.1 - Explain the effect of the virulence factor common...Ch. 20.1 - Identify those people most at risk of developing a...Ch. 20.1 - Briefly describe the human infections caused by...Ch. 20.1 - How can antibiotic treatment of a gram-negative...Ch. 20.2 - Name the genera of bacteria that are...Ch. 20.2 - Outline the pathology and epidemiology of...Ch. 20.2 - Explain the epidemiology of Francisella tularensis...Ch. 20.2 - Prob. 6ELOCh. 20.2 - Prob. 7ELOCh. 20.2 - Prob. 8ELO
Ch. 20.2 - List the four genera of bacteria that cause...Ch. 20.2 - Prob. 4CYPCh. 20.2 - Prob. 5CYPCh. 20.2 - Prob. 6CYPCh. 20.2 - What is unusual about the reservoir of Legionella?...Ch. 20.3 - Recall the medically important members of the...Ch. 20.3 - Prob. 10ELOCh. 20.3 - Explain the importance of the three major surface...Ch. 20.3 - Name the key characteristics shared by the...Ch. 20.3 - Explain what is meant by IMViC.Ch. 20.3 - Prob. 10CYPCh. 20.3 - Prob. 11CYPCh. 20.3 - Briefly describe the methods used to isolate and...Ch. 20.3 - Prob. 13CYPCh. 20.4 - Differentiate among the major enteric pathologies...Ch. 20.4 - Explain the role of E. coli in infantile and...Ch. 20.4 - Prob. 14ELOCh. 20.4 - Prob. 15ELOCh. 20.4 - Prob. 14CYPCh. 20.4 - Prob. 15CYPCh. 20.4 - Justify treating E. coli Ol57:H7 differently from...Ch. 20.4 - Prob. 17CYPCh. 20.4 - Prob. 18CYPCh. 20.5 - Differentiate between true noncoliform enteric...Ch. 20.5 - Distinguish the pathologies of typhoidal and...Ch. 20.5 - Identify the possible sources of Shigella...Ch. 20.5 - Prob. 19ELOCh. 20.5 - Prob. 20ELOCh. 20.5 - Prob. 19CYPCh. 20.5 - Prob. 20CYPCh. 20.5 - Make a comparison chart for Shigella and...Ch. 20.5 - What are the Five F’s and how do they relate to...Ch. 20.5 - Prob. 23CYPCh. 20.5 - Which body systems are commonly infected by...Ch. 20.5 - Describe the epidemiology and pathology of...Ch. 20.L1 - A unique characteristic of many isolates of...Ch. 20.L1 - Prob. 2MCQCh. 20.L1 - Prob. 3MCQCh. 20.L1 - A classic symptom of pertussis is a. labored...Ch. 20.L1 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 20.L1 - Prob. 6MCQCh. 20.L1 - Prob. 7MCQCh. 20.L1 - Which of the following is a major difference...Ch. 20.L1 - A complication/complications of typhoid fever...Ch. 20.L1 - Prob. 10MCQCh. 20.L1 - Prob. 11MCQCh. 20.L1 - Haemophilus influnzae is ____________ and requires...Ch. 20.L1 - Prob. 13MCQCh. 20.L1 - Prob. 14MCQCh. 20.L1 - Single Matching. Match the infectious agent with...Ch. 20.L1 - Prob. 1CSRCh. 20.L1 - Prob. 2CSRCh. 20.L1 - Prob. 3CSRCh. 20.L1 - Prob. 1WCCh. 20.L1 - What are unique features in the epidemiology of E....Ch. 20.L1 - Explain several practices an individual can use to...Ch. 20.L1 - Prob. 4WCCh. 20.L1 - Briefly outline the zoonotic infections in this...Ch. 20.L2 - What is the logic behind testing for E. coli to...Ch. 20.L2 - Identify the genera with the following...Ch. 20.L2 - Given that so many infections arc caused by...Ch. 20.L2 - Prob. 4CTCh. 20.L2 - Students in our classes sometimes ask how it is...Ch. 20.L2 - Explain lhe reasons for an increase in numbers of...Ch. 20.L2 - Compare and contrast the pathology, diagnosis, and...Ch. 20.L2 - Prob. 8CTCh. 20.L2 - Prob. 9CTCh. 20.L2 - Prob. 10CTCh. 20.L2 - "There is no circumstance [in which] you can cook...Ch. 20.L2 - Use figure 20.5 a, b as a reference guideline for...
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- Which virulence factor description among A-E is false? view Later A) O Adhesins: fimbriae or pili are examples of this B) O Invasins: virulence factor of intracellular pathogens C) O Kinases: breaks apart a blood clot; streptokinase is an example. D) O Hyaluronidases: dissolves connections between cells of a tissue E) O Coagulases: found in certain Staphylococcus pathogens; induces clot formation in the body F) O None of A-E is false; all are true 12 Review Later O Type here to search 13 * 12 * esc 立arrow_forwardare Large numbers of gram-negative rods in the blood primary or seondary type of infection? and what are its reservoir?arrow_forwardExplain the Action of the complement system against abacterium ?arrow_forward
- Which of the following is NOT true about strep throat?(a) It is caused by group A β-hemolytic Streptococcuspyogenes. (b) It can be acquired through droplet nuclei inhalationfrom active cases, healthy carriers, and family pets, aswell as from contaminated food, milk, and water.(c) Active cases can have inflamed and sore throat, swollenadenoids and lymph nodes in neck, pus-filled tonsillarlesions, fever, chills, headache, nausea, and vomiting.(d) Coughing and nasal discharge are common hallmarks ofstrep throat.(e) If immediate treatment with an antibiotic is not given,the patient has a risk of also getting rheumatic fever.arrow_forwardAll of the following are true concerning the Alere HIV test except: a)this test can detect infection 10 days post exposure b)the presence of three lines on the test indicates a positive reaction for anitgen and antibody against HIV c)unlike Oraquick the test is run with blood sample only and not oral fluid d)the presence of a single line indicates that a person has antibodies but no antigen for HIV e)this is a test that is considered both a direct and indirect test for HIV diagnosisarrow_forwardDescribe several specific adhesins by which bacterial pathogens attach to host cellsarrow_forward
- Your father, age 74, has been recovering in a rehabilitation center from a hip fracture. He has developed C. diff and is in isolation. Explain the process of how this disease occurs. What preventive measures need to be taken to prevent the spread of this condition?arrow_forwardWhat are the portals of entry AND exit of salmonella Typhi? (specific body parts – name both portals)arrow_forwardDescribe the immunological response to chlamydiae.arrow_forward
- What are the the host immune defenses that the Bordetella pertussis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Corynebacterium diphtheriae would have to overcome to be successful at causing disease?arrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT true of bacterial endotoxin? 1. None of the other four answers (All are true of bacterial endotoxin) 2. Can cause life-threatening drop in blood pressure (shock) 3. Composed of proteins produced by bacteria and released into surrounding environment 4. Composed of lipid A, a component of the gram-negative bacterial outer membrane 5. Stimulates macrophages to produce a substance (TNF) that damages capillariesarrow_forward14) When considering virulence factors, which class of virulence factor would be most likely to increase the severity of disease caused by the pathogen possessing the virulence factor, due to this class of virulence factor most likely causing the death of cells? A) extracellular enzymes C) anti-phagocytic factors B) toxins D) adherence factors 15) Which of the following classes of virulence factor is absolutely needed for nearly every infection? In fact, if the organism lacks this factor, it is most likely going to be avirulent (not disease-causing). A) extracellular enzyme B) adherence factor D) anti-phagocytic factor C) exotoxin 16) Which of the following is an iron-binding protein produced by pathogens to access the body's store of iron? A) ferritin B) siderophores C) hemolysin D) transferrin 17) The complement cascade and its by-products contribute to A) attracting phagocytes to sites of infection. B) triggering release of interferons. C) triggering inflammation. D) triggering…arrow_forward
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