Foundations in Microbiology
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781259705212
Author: Kathleen Park Talaro, Barry Chess Instructor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 20.L2, Problem 3CT
Given that so many infections arc caused by gram-negative opportunists what would you predict will happen as the number of compromised patients increases, and on what do you base these predictions?
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
What are the key assumptions in simple SIR modeling of infection dynamics? (check all that are
correct):
No vaccines are in use.
more than one type of host can be incorporated (vector, animal, etc.)
V All hosts can fit into one of the three compartments
ONo hosts are susceptible.
Recovered subjects cannot be reinfected.
O Hosts die and are removedrom the model.
O The population is static (not increasing or decreasing).
Infection rates for many STIs continue to be highest among young people (typically defined as around 15–24 years old). What are some reasons for this? What would you recommend to increase prevention or encourage testing or treatment among this group?
Why is virulence expected to increase with vector or water-borne transmission, relative to direct transmission? Using the concept of a “cost of virulence”, explain how vertical transmission or transmission in a hospital is thought to affect the level of virulence favored by natural selection?
Chapter 20 Solutions
Foundations in Microbiology
Ch. 20.1 - Explain the effect of the virulence factor common...Ch. 20.1 - Identify those people most at risk of developing a...Ch. 20.1 - Briefly describe the human infections caused by...Ch. 20.1 - How can antibiotic treatment of a gram-negative...Ch. 20.2 - Name the genera of bacteria that are...Ch. 20.2 - Outline the pathology and epidemiology of...Ch. 20.2 - Explain the epidemiology of Francisella tularensis...Ch. 20.2 - Prob. 6ELOCh. 20.2 - Prob. 7ELOCh. 20.2 - Prob. 8ELO
Ch. 20.2 - List the four genera of bacteria that cause...Ch. 20.2 - Prob. 4CYPCh. 20.2 - Prob. 5CYPCh. 20.2 - Prob. 6CYPCh. 20.2 - What is unusual about the reservoir of Legionella?...Ch. 20.3 - Recall the medically important members of the...Ch. 20.3 - Prob. 10ELOCh. 20.3 - Explain the importance of the three major surface...Ch. 20.3 - Name the key characteristics shared by the...Ch. 20.3 - Explain what is meant by IMViC.Ch. 20.3 - Prob. 10CYPCh. 20.3 - Prob. 11CYPCh. 20.3 - Briefly describe the methods used to isolate and...Ch. 20.3 - Prob. 13CYPCh. 20.4 - Differentiate among the major enteric pathologies...Ch. 20.4 - Explain the role of E. coli in infantile and...Ch. 20.4 - Prob. 14ELOCh. 20.4 - Prob. 15ELOCh. 20.4 - Prob. 14CYPCh. 20.4 - Prob. 15CYPCh. 20.4 - Justify treating E. coli Ol57:H7 differently from...Ch. 20.4 - Prob. 17CYPCh. 20.4 - Prob. 18CYPCh. 20.5 - Differentiate between true noncoliform enteric...Ch. 20.5 - Distinguish the pathologies of typhoidal and...Ch. 20.5 - Identify the possible sources of Shigella...Ch. 20.5 - Prob. 19ELOCh. 20.5 - Prob. 20ELOCh. 20.5 - Prob. 19CYPCh. 20.5 - Prob. 20CYPCh. 20.5 - Make a comparison chart for Shigella and...Ch. 20.5 - What are the Five F’s and how do they relate to...Ch. 20.5 - Prob. 23CYPCh. 20.5 - Which body systems are commonly infected by...Ch. 20.5 - Describe the epidemiology and pathology of...Ch. 20.L1 - A unique characteristic of many isolates of...Ch. 20.L1 - Prob. 2MCQCh. 20.L1 - Prob. 3MCQCh. 20.L1 - A classic symptom of pertussis is a. labored...Ch. 20.L1 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 20.L1 - Prob. 6MCQCh. 20.L1 - Prob. 7MCQCh. 20.L1 - Which of the following is a major difference...Ch. 20.L1 - A complication/complications of typhoid fever...Ch. 20.L1 - Prob. 10MCQCh. 20.L1 - Prob. 11MCQCh. 20.L1 - Haemophilus influnzae is ____________ and requires...Ch. 20.L1 - Prob. 13MCQCh. 20.L1 - Prob. 14MCQCh. 20.L1 - Single Matching. Match the infectious agent with...Ch. 20.L1 - Prob. 1CSRCh. 20.L1 - Prob. 2CSRCh. 20.L1 - Prob. 3CSRCh. 20.L1 - Prob. 1WCCh. 20.L1 - What are unique features in the epidemiology of E....Ch. 20.L1 - Explain several practices an individual can use to...Ch. 20.L1 - Prob. 4WCCh. 20.L1 - Briefly outline the zoonotic infections in this...Ch. 20.L2 - What is the logic behind testing for E. coli to...Ch. 20.L2 - Identify the genera with the following...Ch. 20.L2 - Given that so many infections arc caused by...Ch. 20.L2 - Prob. 4CTCh. 20.L2 - Students in our classes sometimes ask how it is...Ch. 20.L2 - Explain lhe reasons for an increase in numbers of...Ch. 20.L2 - Compare and contrast the pathology, diagnosis, and...Ch. 20.L2 - Prob. 8CTCh. 20.L2 - Prob. 9CTCh. 20.L2 - Prob. 10CTCh. 20.L2 - "There is no circumstance [in which] you can cook...Ch. 20.L2 - Use figure 20.5 a, b as a reference guideline for...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Humans are accidental hosts in many vector-borne diseases. Whatdoes this indicate about the relationship between the vector and themicrobial agent?arrow_forwardRead the following two statements about C.difficile outbreaks and answer the questions given below. “Between December 2007 and May 2008 there was a C.difficile outbreak in a UK hospital, where 55 patients were infected and there were 28 mortalities.” “A relatively recent survey discovered that 41% of all reported C.difficile cases were not hospital based infections, but originated in the local community.” Compare three main risk factors for MRSA and C.difficile and explain how they increase the risk of infection from these bacteria.arrow_forwardWhat is the “iceberg concept of infection.” How does this affect our understanding of the mortality rates of a particular microbe?arrow_forward
- In terms of geographical distribution, are parasitic flagellates (e.g., Trypanosoma spp., Leishmania tropica, Giardia lamblia, Trichomonas) cosmopolitan or localized? Explain Discuss the relationship between vector distribution of some parasites and their vectors, if any? Do they exhibit vector specificity?arrow_forwardBelow are a list of virulence factors/ strategies paired with an example of an organism that utilizes them. How do each of the following strategies contribute to the virulence of the pathogen? Strategy - Causes the host to produce more receptors (Organism - Rhinovirus) Strategy - Produces gas as a product of fermentation (Organism - Clostridium perfringens) Strategy - Produces a capsule (organism - Klebsiella pneumonia) Strategy - Ability to move between adjacent cells (organism - Cytomegalovirus) Strategy - Ability to use pilus as a motility structure (organism - Pseudomonas aerogenosa)arrow_forwardRead the following two statements about C.difficile outbreaks and answer the questions given below. “Between December 2007 and May 2008 there was a C.difficile outbreak in a UK hospital, where 55 patients were infected and there were 28 mortalities.” “A relatively recent survey discovered that 41% of all reported C.difficile cases were not hospital based infections, but originated in the local community.” Two patients were admitted to the same hospital ward for the same duration of time, yet one became ill with C.difficile and the other didn’t. Relating to the host-pathogen relationship, explain how they had different outcomes.arrow_forward
- Observe the following maps (a)–(c) of three diseases. Determinewhich show endemic, sporadic, or epidemic pattern, and explain whatfeatures have helped you to make this decision.arrow_forwardare Large numbers of gram-negative rods in the blood a form primary or seondary type of infection? and is it latent or chronic?arrow_forwardExplain how each of the following contributes tothe virulence of bacteria:a. production of endotoxinb. spore formationc. presence of a capsulearrow_forward
- COPD is a common disease, but we shouldn't see it as much as we do. Can you tell us some of the risk factors associated with it? Cite the references.arrow_forwardA 30year old male patient who was a contractor and building inspector in the Greater Accra region complained of difficulty breathing and was admitted to the hospital with severe respiratory disease. The physician noted a high fever and cough. Two days before, the patient had inspected an old warehouse abondoned and infested with rodents. The patient was given intravenous antibodies, but 2 days into therapy the pneumonia worsened and he developed pulmonary edema. a. Which organisms should be suspected of causing this illness? b. Which organisms should be suspected of causing this illness ? c. Outline the steps involved in gram staining. d. Why is testing for rhesus factor ( Rh) antigens and antibodies different from ABO testing.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT true about the current coronavirus global pandemic (COVID-19)? O Laboratory diagnosis of infection is based on detecting serum antibodies against the causative microbe O Person-to-person transmission can occur through respiratory secretions (droplets and/or aerosols) O The causative microbe can infect many tissue types by binding to a cell's Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE2) receptor O Caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Three of the vaccines currently authorized in the US are nucleic acid vaccines Oarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
12DaysinMarch, Genital Infections for USMLE Step One; Author: Howard Sachs;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=66zR_FypVFQ;License: Standard youtube license