Human Physiology
15th Edition
ISBN: 9781259864629
Author: Fox, Stuart Ira
Publisher: Mcgraw-hill Education,
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Chapter 20, Problem 35RA
Summary Introduction
To review:
The role of apoptosis and follicle atresia in ovarian physiology along with their regulation.
Introduction:
Apoptosis is the process involving programmed cell death and it takes place in multicellular organisms. It leads to characteristic changes in the shape of the cell. The changes include blebbing, cell shrinkage, fragmentation of the nucleus, and chromatin condensation. Follicle atresia is the process of breakdown of the ovarian follicle.
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Chapter 20 Solutions
Human Physiology
Ch. 20 - Define the terms diploid and haploid, and explain...Ch. 20 - Explain how the chromosomal sex determines whether...Ch. 20 - List the male and female accessory sex organs and...Ch. 20 - Describe the abnormalities characteristic of...Ch. 20 - Prob. 3aCPCh. 20 - Prob. 3bCPCh. 20 - Prob. 4aCPCh. 20 - Prob. 4bCPCh. 20 - Prob. 4cCPCh. 20 - Prob. 5aCP
Ch. 20 - Prob. 5bCPCh. 20 - Prob. 6aCPCh. 20 - Prob. 6bCPCh. 20 - Describe the roles of FSH and testosterone in...Ch. 20 - Prob. 8aCPCh. 20 - Prob. 8bCPCh. 20 - Prob. 9aCPCh. 20 - Prob. 9bCPCh. 20 - Describe the changes that occur in the ovary and...Ch. 20 - Describe the formation, function, and fate of the...Ch. 20 - Prob. 11aCPCh. 20 - Explain the significance of negative feedback...Ch. 20 - Prob. 12aCPCh. 20 - Prob. 12bCPCh. 20 - List the fetal and maternal components of the...Ch. 20 - Prob. 13bCPCh. 20 - Prob. 14CPCh. 20 - Prob. 15CPCh. 20 - Prob. 1RACh. 20 - Prob. 2RACh. 20 - Prob. 3RACh. 20 - Prob. 4RACh. 20 - Prob. 5RACh. 20 - Prob. 6RACh. 20 - Prob. 7RACh. 20 - Prob. 8RACh. 20 - Which of these statements is true?
Ch. 20 - Prob. 10RACh. 20 - Prob. 11RACh. 20 - Prob. 12RACh. 20 - Prob. 13RACh. 20 - Prob. 14RACh. 20 - Prob. 15RACh. 20 - The contents of the birth control pill
Ch. 20 - Which of the following statements regarding...Ch. 20 - Prob. 18RACh. 20 - Prob. 19RACh. 20 - Prob. 20RACh. 20 - Prob. 21RACh. 20 - Prob. 22RACh. 20 - Prob. 23RACh. 20 - Prob. 24RACh. 20 - Prob. 25RACh. 20 - Prob. 26RACh. 20 - Prob. 27RACh. 20 - Describe the steps of oogenesis when fertilization...Ch. 20 - Prob. 29RACh. 20 - Prob. 30RACh. 20 - Prob. 31RACh. 20 - Prob. 32RACh. 20 - Prob. 33RACh. 20 - Prob. 34RACh. 20 - Prob. 35RACh. 20 - Prob. 36RACh. 20 - Prob. 37RACh. 20 - Prob. 38RACh. 20 - Prob. 39RACh. 20 - Prob. 40RACh. 20 - Prob. 41RACh. 20 - Prob. 42RACh. 20 - Prob. 43RACh. 20 - Prob. 44RA
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- Name the hormones involved in regulation of spermatogenesis.arrow_forwardDescribe the development of an oocyte from primordial follicle to when it is released at ovulation. How do hormones contribute to this progression? Describe the development of a spermatogonia to a spermatozoa. How do hormones contribute to this progression? What is the function of Sertoli and Leydig cells?arrow_forwardWomen with inadequate secretion of GnRH are often treated for their infertility with drugs that mimic the action of this hormone. Can you suggest a possible reason that such treatment is often associated with multiple births?arrow_forward
- Describe the function of each of the following hormones in the uterine and ovarian cycles: GnRH, FSH, LH, estrogens, progesterone, and inhibin.arrow_forwardComplete the following feedback loop for estrogen between day 12 and 14 of ovarian cycle.Pick one from each drop-down menu: (In the photos attached are the options for the feedback loop.)arrow_forwardDescribe the development of reproductive organs in a fetus of each gender. Which genes, gene products, and hormones are involved in the sex differences? Which sex- related hormones are circulating in high concentrations in a pregnant woman compared to a nonpregnant woman? Do these hormones cross the placenta (if you are uncertain, consider hormone chemical class relative to membrane permeability to make an educated guess)? Assuming these hormones do cross the placenta, how do they affect the hormonal environment inside the fetus, and how does this relate to fetal reproductive development?arrow_forward
- Explain role of estradiol and inhibin in oogenesis and follicular maturation.arrow_forwardDescribe how the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis regulates gamete production in males and females. Give the hormones from each gland that are secreted in this process.arrow_forwardAt the end of the uterine cycle, there is a significant drop in the levels of LH, estrogen, and progesterone.This causes all of the following EXCEPT Select one: a. an increase in smooth muscle contractions of the uterus b. the start of menstruation, which breaks down the blood vessels and tissues formed during the follicular stage c. the maintenance of the corpus luteum to continue producing low levels of progesterone and estrogen d. a negative feedback loop to the pituitary to secrete more FSH and LHarrow_forward
- Clomiphene Citrate is a fertility drug that stimulates hypothalamic secretion of Gonadotropin releasing Hormone (GnRH) in females and induces ovulation. Explain how increased GnRH with Clomiphene Citrate treatment would affect follicle maturation and ovulation in women (explain how increased GnRH would affect FSH, LH, Estrogen, and ovulation).arrow_forwardDescribe the hormonal control of spermatogenesis in terms of the hypothalamic-pituitarygonadal axis (HPG axis) – in this case, the hypothalamic-pituitary-testes axisList the anabolic and androgenic effects of testosteronearrow_forwardAccording to the diagram at right, FSH injections to super-stimulate the ovaries will: a. Rescue the subordinate follicles from atresia b. Reverse atresia of subordinate follicles c. Stimulate new waves of follicular growth d. Cause ovulation of atretic follicles what prevents the dominant follicles of Waves 1 and 2 from ovulating? a. follicles are not big enough b. the animal is not in heat c. the high progesterone prevents the LH/FSH surge d. all of the above e. none of the abovearrow_forward
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