Human Physiology
15th Edition
ISBN: 9781259864629
Author: Fox, Stuart Ira
Publisher: Mcgraw-hill Education,
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Chapter 20, Problem 24RA
Summary Introduction
To review:
The differences between menstrual bleeding and estrous bleeding in terms of hormonal control mechanisms, and the ovarian cycle.
Introduction:
Female primates exhibit the menstrual cycle, while the non-primates have the estrous cycle. The menstrual cycle in the primates is spanned over four phases and one cycle lasts for about 28 days. The estrous cycle is a property of the mammalian, therian females that begins after sexual maturity is attained.
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Listed in the table below are the five major reproductive hormones that support ovulation in female mammals, including the
giant panda. Describe the role of each hormone in this process and the approximate time during the ovarian cycle that it
reaches peak levels.
Hormone
Gonadotropin-releasing
hormone (GnRH)
Estrogen
Luteinizing
hormone (LH)
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Progesterone
Role in Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle Timing of Peak Level
Complete the following feedback loop for estrogen between day 12 and 14 of ovarian cycle.Pick one from each drop-down menu:
(In the photos attached are the options for the feedback loop.)
Which of the following describes the role of Luteinizing hormone in the ovarian cycle?
o Inhibits the hypothalamus from secreting GNRH
o Directly promotes thickening of the endometrium
o Simulates the ovary to increase aldosterone
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Stimulates lactation in the mammary glands
Chapter 20 Solutions
Human Physiology
Ch. 20 - Define the terms diploid and haploid, and explain...Ch. 20 - Explain how the chromosomal sex determines whether...Ch. 20 - List the male and female accessory sex organs and...Ch. 20 - Describe the abnormalities characteristic of...Ch. 20 - Prob. 3aCPCh. 20 - Prob. 3bCPCh. 20 - Prob. 4aCPCh. 20 - Prob. 4bCPCh. 20 - Prob. 4cCPCh. 20 - Prob. 5aCP
Ch. 20 - Prob. 5bCPCh. 20 - Prob. 6aCPCh. 20 - Prob. 6bCPCh. 20 - Describe the roles of FSH and testosterone in...Ch. 20 - Prob. 8aCPCh. 20 - Prob. 8bCPCh. 20 - Prob. 9aCPCh. 20 - Prob. 9bCPCh. 20 - Describe the changes that occur in the ovary and...Ch. 20 - Describe the formation, function, and fate of the...Ch. 20 - Prob. 11aCPCh. 20 - Explain the significance of negative feedback...Ch. 20 - Prob. 12aCPCh. 20 - Prob. 12bCPCh. 20 - List the fetal and maternal components of the...Ch. 20 - Prob. 13bCPCh. 20 - Prob. 14CPCh. 20 - Prob. 15CPCh. 20 - Prob. 1RACh. 20 - Prob. 2RACh. 20 - Prob. 3RACh. 20 - Prob. 4RACh. 20 - Prob. 5RACh. 20 - Prob. 6RACh. 20 - Prob. 7RACh. 20 - Prob. 8RACh. 20 - Which of these statements is true?
Ch. 20 - Prob. 10RACh. 20 - Prob. 11RACh. 20 - Prob. 12RACh. 20 - Prob. 13RACh. 20 - Prob. 14RACh. 20 - Prob. 15RACh. 20 - The contents of the birth control pill
Ch. 20 - Which of the following statements regarding...Ch. 20 - Prob. 18RACh. 20 - Prob. 19RACh. 20 - Prob. 20RACh. 20 - Prob. 21RACh. 20 - Prob. 22RACh. 20 - Prob. 23RACh. 20 - Prob. 24RACh. 20 - Prob. 25RACh. 20 - Prob. 26RACh. 20 - Prob. 27RACh. 20 - Describe the steps of oogenesis when fertilization...Ch. 20 - Prob. 29RACh. 20 - Prob. 30RACh. 20 - Prob. 31RACh. 20 - Prob. 32RACh. 20 - Prob. 33RACh. 20 - Prob. 34RACh. 20 - Prob. 35RACh. 20 - Prob. 36RACh. 20 - Prob. 37RACh. 20 - Prob. 38RACh. 20 - Prob. 39RACh. 20 - Prob. 40RACh. 20 - Prob. 41RACh. 20 - Prob. 42RACh. 20 - Prob. 43RACh. 20 - Prob. 44RA
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- Figure 43.17 Which of the following statements about the menstrual cycle is false? Progesterone levels rise during the luteal phase of the ovarian cycle and the secretory phase of the uterine cycle. Menstruation occurs just after LH and FSH levels peak. Menstruation occurs after progesterone levels drop. Estrogen levels rise before ovulation, while progesterone levels rise after.arrow_forwardFigure 43.15 Which of the following statements about hormone regulation of the female reproductive cycle is false? LH and FSH are produced in the pituitary, and estradiol and progesterone are produced in the ovaries. Estradiol and progesterone secreted from the corpus luteum cause the endometrium to thicken. Both progesterone and estradiol are produced by the follicles. Secretion of GnRH by the hypothalamus is inhibited by low levels of estradiol but stimulated by high levels of estradiol.arrow_forwardDescribe the function of each of the following hormones in the uterine and ovarian cycles: GnRH, FSH, LH, estrogens, progesterone, and inhibin.arrow_forward
- In menstruation, the functional layer is shed from the endometrium. Explain the hormonal and physical factors responsible for this shedding. (See Figure 25.19.)arrow_forwardAccording to the graph below, estrogen will reach its peak concentration prior to ovulation. Predict the concentration of the other hormones by choosing low, medium, or higharrow_forward1a) State the organ of origin of the following hormones and the function for: GnRH, FSH, LH, Estrogen, and Progesterone. 1b) The menstrual cycle contains both positive and negative feedback loops. Explain how. Please frame your answer using the “monitor -> control centre -> effector” scheme.arrow_forward
- Conditions that cause the fallopian tubes to be narrower than normal may result in: Implantation of a fertilized ovum within the tube. More rapid propulsion of the ovum through the tube. Increased likelihood of pregnancy during each cycle. Excessive cramping and bleeding during menstruation .arrow_forwardAccording to the graph below, estrogen will reach its peak concentration prior to ovulation. Predict the concentration of the other hormones by choosing low,medium, or high.arrow_forwardProgesterone: 1) Is produced in adult testes and is responsible for genital development, beard growth, muscle development, and sexual drive 2) Is produced by the placenta during pregnancy, with highest levels seen at conception and then steadily decreasing to non-detectable levels at term 3) Is lowest is serum during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and highest during the follicular phase 4) Parallels activity of the corpus luteum by rapidly increasing following ovulation and then abruptly falling to initial low concentrations prior to the onset of menstruation no references, just homework.arrow_forward
- Based on the schematic below, illustrating the control of the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland by the ovarian hormones, how would you design a hormonal female contraceptive that keeps secretion of FSH and LH low in order to prevent ovulation?arrow_forwardIf the release of LH were inhibited in a human female, which of the following events would not occur? O maturation of a primary follicle and oocyte O ovulation of a secondary oocyte O release of GNRH from the hypothalamus release of FSH from the pituitary O production of estrogen by follicle cellsarrow_forwardFor each hormone, select whether the hormone is increasing or decreasing at the beginning of parturition. In addition, select the correct effect that the change in hormone secretion causes. Hormone Levels Resulting Effect Increasing Decreasing Causes the endometrial layer to break away from the uterus Causes the endometrial layer to be maintained Increases uterine contractions Decreases uterine contractions Increases milk production in the mother's breasts Decrease milk production in the mother's breasts Hormone Hormone Levels Resulting Effect Estrogen Progesterone Oxytocin Prostaglandins Prolactinarrow_forward
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