Concepts of Genetics (12th Edition)
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134604718
Author: William S. Klug, Michael R. Cummings, Charlotte A. Spencer, Michael A. Palladino, Darrell Killian
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 19, Problem 9PDQ
Summary Introduction
To determine: The differences and similarities between two types of ncRNAs involved in epigenetic control of gene expression.
Introduction: ncRNAs are the non-coding ribonucleic acids. There are several types of ncRNA, such as miRNA, piRNA, siRNA, and eRNA. miRNA and siRNA are involved in gene regulation. They serve as therapeutic agents in the treatment of infections and different types of cancers.
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What are the two main components to activation of transcription via epigenetic mechanisms?
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Chapter 19 Solutions
Concepts of Genetics (12th Edition)
Ch. 19 - Although histone modifications can activate or...Ch. 19 - Prob. 2NSTCh. 19 - Prob. 1CSCh. 19 - Prob. 2CSCh. 19 - A couple well informed about the epigenetic...Ch. 19 - Prob. 1PDQCh. 19 - Prob. 2PDQCh. 19 - Prob. 3PDQCh. 19 - Prob. 4PDQCh. 19 - Prob. 5PDQ
Ch. 19 - Prob. 6PDQCh. 19 - Prob. 7PDQCh. 19 - Prob. 8PDQCh. 19 - Prob. 9PDQCh. 19 - Prob. 10PDQCh. 19 - What are the functions of IncRNAs in epigenetic...Ch. 19 - Prob. 12PDQCh. 19 - What are the differences and similarities among...Ch. 19 - Prob. 14PDQCh. 19 - Prob. 15PDQCh. 19 - Should fertility clinics be required by law to...Ch. 19 - Prob. 17PDQCh. 19 - Prob. 18PDQCh. 19 - A developmental disorder in humans called spina...Ch. 19 - Prob. 20PDQCh. 19 - PraderWilli syndrome (PWS) is a genetic disorder...Ch. 19 - Prob. 22ESPCh. 19 - Prob. 23ESPCh. 19 - Methylation of H3K9 by itself silences genes, but...
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- What is alternative splicing? What is its biological significance?arrow_forwardIn general, explain how epigenetic modifications are an important mechanism for developmental changes that lead to specialized body parts and cell types. How do the trithorax and polycomb group complexes participate in thisprocess?arrow_forwardHow do ncRNAs regulate gene expression, and how would their pervasiveness affect the Central Dogma?arrow_forward
- ATM is a kinase that phosphorylates histone H2AX in response to double-stranded DNA breaks. Which of the following scenarios would most quickly regulate ATM activity in the cell? a) Adding silencing methyl groups to cytosines in the Atm gene b) Modifying the histone code for the Atm gene c) Increasing expression of a miRNA specific for the Atm mRNA d) Activating an E3 ubiquitin ligase specific for the ATM proteinarrow_forwardList three types of alternative splicing patterns and how they lead to the production of different protein isoforms.arrow_forwardWhat are the Results of tra splicing when Sxl protein is present?arrow_forward
- MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, noncoding, single-stranded RNAs approximately 19-25 nucleotides in length that bind to mRNAs. Numerous protein-encoding genes are regulated by miRNAs, including those involved in the immune response. Research has shown that rejection of transplanted organs is associated with alterations in the expression of various genes. To determine whether a link exists between miRNA expression patterns and organ rejection, a team of scientists performed the following set of experiments. Experiment 1 MicroRNA levels were measured in the biopsy specimens of patients with normal transplanted kidneys and patients with kidneys that showed histologic features of acute rejection (AR). MicroRNA sequences are shown in Table 1. Table 1 Normalized miRNA levels miRNA Sequence miR-142-5p 5'-CAUAAAGUAGAAAGCACUACU-3' miR-155 5'-UUAAUGCUAAUCGUGAUAGGGGU-3' Nucleotide Sequences for Mature miRNAs miR-223 miR-10b 5'-UACCCUGUAGAACCGAAUUUGUG-3' let-7c miR-30a-3p 5'-CUUUCAGUCGGAUGUUUGCAGC-3'…arrow_forwardWhat is the mechanism of transcription attenuation?arrow_forwardWhat are two differences between promoters and enhancers? (Hint: where are they located relative to the transcription start site?)arrow_forward
- Consider the CT/CGRP example of alternative splicing. Which different types of alternative splicing patterns are represented?arrow_forwardWhat is an example of alternative splicing?arrow_forwardSex determination in Drosophila is controlled by a cascade of alternative splicing events. Sex-lethal (Sxl) is involved in regulating splicing of the transformer gene, as outlined below (picture attached). According to this schematic, Sxl functions as a: Splicing enhancer Splicing repressor Splicing activator Splicing silencerarrow_forward
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