Chemistry: An Atoms-Focused Approach
14th Edition
ISBN: 9780393912340
Author: Thomas R. Gilbert, Rein V. Kirss, Natalie Foster
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
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What is an isomer? Name the isomers of the compound with the closed
formula C4H9CI. Which of these isomers can have a chiral structure?
Examine it from a stereochemical point of view
Name the isomers of the compound with the closed formula C4H9Cl. Which of these isomers can have a chiral structure? Examine it from a stereochemical point of view.
For example, alanine is a chiral amino acid that has two enantiomers: (+)-alanine and (-)-alanine.
These two are optical isomers.
NH2
NH2
4.
One of the most important properties of chiral
molecules in solution is their effect on plane-
polarized light, this effect is called optical activity.
-C H
2
COOH
HOOC
CH
When an enantiomer rotates a plane-polarized light
in the positive direction or clockwise, it is
dextrorotary (+ or d), while for a negative direction
or counterclockwise, it is levorotary (- or l)
(+)-Alanine
(-)-Alanine
Alanine is a chiral amino acid that has two
enantiomers: (+)-alanine and ()-alanine. These two are
optical isomers.
Chapter 19 Solutions
Chemistry: An Atoms-Focused Approach
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Similar questions
- Propranolol is a chiral compound. (R)-Propranolol is used as a contraceptive; (S)-propranolol is used to treat hypertension. Identify the chiral carbon in the structure below. Is this the (R) or the (S) isomer? Draw the other isomer.arrow_forward2-bromopentane is an optically active compound. Draw the two possible structures of optical isomer and label the chiral center with an asterisk (*) in each of the optical isomer structure.arrow_forwardPerspective drawings of both geometric isomers of CICH=CHCl (1,2-dichloroethene) Make two models that have different spatial arrangement of the substitutions (the two Cl atoms) across the double bond. Draw the perspective formulae for the two isomers and label them with their correct designations. What type of isomerism do these represent?arrow_forward
- What is the mathematical relationship between the number of chiral carbons and the number of optical isomers (stereoisomers) in a molecule?arrow_forwardIs methane chiral?arrow_forwardOrganic Chemistry HW: CANNOT BE HAND DRAWN 2,6-dimethyloct-2-ene Provide a detailed typed explanation of Stereoisomers show the expanded structure of your molecule. Calculate the maximum number of possible stereoisomers of your molecule using the following formula: Maximum number of possible stereoisomers = 2n (where n= the number of chiral carbons in your molecule). This calculation does not include E- or Z- isomers for any compounds containing double bonds Type or using a computer program "draw" the possible stereoisomers of the molecule. Note that E-, Z- isomers of each stereoisomer are also possible and would not be accounted for by the formula above; draw any E- or Z- isomers.arrow_forward
- The (R,R) isomer of methylphenidate (Ritalin) is used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The (S,S) isomer is an antidepressant. Identify the two chiral carbons in the structure below. Is this the (R,R) or the (S,S) isomer? Draw the other isomer.arrow_forward2-brokopentane is an optically active compound, draw the two possible structure of optical isomer and label the chiral center with an asterisk(*) in each of the optical isomer structurearrow_forward3. Sketch the cis and trans isomers formed when the anion of the amino acid glycine, H2NCH2CO2 (gly), reacts with CoCl2.arrow_forward
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