Microbiology: An Evolving Science (Fourth Edition)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780393615098
Author: John W. Foster, Joan L. Slonczewski
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
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Chapter 17.2, Problem 1TQ
Summary Introduction
To review:
The strength and limitation of different models for the origin of life and the feature of living cell described by each model.
Introduction:
Early
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_17. Which of the following is the correct sequence of events for the development of cell theory?
A) Manufacturing and using simple microscopesdetermining that all living organisms are comprised of
cells determining that plants are comprised of cells understanding that new cells are produced by
preexisting cells
B) Manufacturing and using simple microscopes → determining that plants are comprised of
cells determining that all living organisms are comprised of cells → understanding that new cells are
produced by preexisting cells
C) Determining that plants are comprised of cells determining that all living organisms are comprised
of cellsmanufacturing and using simple microscopes understanding that new cells are produced
by preexisting cells
D) Manufacturing and using simple microscopes understanding that new cells are produced by
preexisting cells determining that plants are comprised of cells determining that all living
organisms are comprised of cells
->
Explain why the answer is correct.
For eukaryote cells to evolve into new types of eukaryotic organisms, which of the following would one expect to occur? The correct answer is E
a) these cells have evolved because they have different DNA because of mutations
b) Their endoplasmic reticulum is synthesizing new and/or different proteins.
c) These specialized cells activate new genes to synthesize new proteins.
d) these organisms have new characteristics because they have acquired new genes.
e) all of these are true
The hypercycle model explains which of the following?
A) How the evolutionary transition from prokaryotic to eukaryotic cells through acquisiton of membrane bound organelles.
B) How viruses first originated alongside cellular life through a hyper replicating RNA lineage.
C) How individual replicating molecules like RNA, DNA, and proteins entered a molecular mutualism and became encapsulated forming protocells.
D) How cycles of heat and electricity experimentally lead to the formation of amino acids in the lab.
Chapter 17 Solutions
Microbiology: An Evolving Science (Fourth Edition)
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- Serial endosymbiosis is the most supported theory on how the first eukaryotic cells evolved from prokaryotic cells. The figure depicts the evolution of eukaryotic cells which include links to prokaryotic cells from early in the history of life. Identify the cellular structures involved in the connection of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. Describe the characteristics of the cellular structures that supports the evolutionary connection. State a claim on how eukaryotic cells evolved. Using evolutionary evidence justify your claim. The cells modeled above are a result are descendants of an original cell.arrow_forwardwhat evidence supports the claim that all cells share a common ancestor?arrow_forwardContrast the reductionist approach with systems biology. How are the two approaches complementary? Which approach is more likely to consider emergent properties?arrow_forward
- What is the three-domain concept of the tree of life?How was the tree of life constructed?arrow_forwardBased on Baluska et al. (2004)'s paper entitled "Eukaryotic Cells and their Cell Bodies: Cell Theory Revised" 1. What are the reasons why we need to revise the cell theory? Specify the parts why it is problematic and explain. 2. What is the cell body being proposed by Baluska (2004) and what makes it the ‘actual’ basic unit of life? Explain. 3. What is the cell periphery apparatus? How is it related to the aforementioned cell body? Explain.arrow_forwardWhat types of biological abilities can be combined to create more capable, more complex cells? How does the presecence of different types of ribosomes inside a eukaryotic cell strengthen the endosymbiotic theory? How does chloroplasts and mitochondria found within a cell have two membranes? How does the emergence of endosymbotic theory change the way humans view microorganisms? Will people be comfortable imaginning that the life functions of pants and animals, including their own, are actually dependent on the coexistence of many different microscopic pieces?arrow_forward
- What is Le Chatelier's Principle? Describe how this principle explains the reversal over evolutionary time of a cellular process of your choice. In the course of this explanation, use two sketches to completely describe how the cellular process ran before and after it was reversed by Le Chatelier’s principle, including 1. all inputs/where they come from 2. all outputs/where they go 3. what good the process does the cell.arrow_forwardA. Classify the organisms (A-D) based on their oxygen requirements. Name one location where you are most likely to encounter these organisms (1 location/organism).B. Organism C could not grow in the presence of oxygen. Explain the molecular reason behind this observation (What affect did oxygen have on C that caused it not grow)? C. Your friend repeats the above experiment in Question1 and observes growth of all 4 organisms on both plates. Provide an explanation for her results. (You may assume that your results are correct, since you have repeated the experiment several times and gotten the same results).arrow_forwardLesson:Perpetuation of life What’s more: Answer the following questions: Are you in favor of Genetic Engineering? Yes or No? Why? If you are an expert in Genetic Engineering what would be your creation and how will it help us? Assessment: Enumerate what is/are being asked. Give at least five examples of genetic engineered plants/animals. a.b.c.d.e. Give at least 2 examples of the following: Fission- - Budding- - Fragmentation- -3. Give at least 4 examples of plants which can do Vegetative Reproduction. a. b. c. d. What’s new: If you are alone in the middle of the forest and there is now way out, what is the first thing that you are going to do or look for in order for you to survive? If you are given a chance to choose an animal to help you to survive in the middle of the forest, what would it be and why?arrow_forward
- Which of the following applies the theory that cells are the basic unit of structure and functioning of an organism? A.) Cells undergo mitotic division B.) The flower produces seedpod C.) The red blood cell lack nuclei to carry more oxygen C.) The bats evolve a wing in ordee to flyarrow_forwardWhat term is used to describe a single species exhibiting both celltypes shown below, and which types of organisms would most likelyhave this trait?arrow_forwardDescribe the step-by-step development of cellular life which arose from a planet containing molecules (detailing how a cell came to be, structure cellular components. Further how did the last common universal ancestor divide into cells of the three domains. Pescribe the process that you would follow to identify the causative agent of a disease outbreak? How would the process differ if the causative agent were an acellular agent?arrow_forward
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Endosymbiotic Theory; Author: Amoeba Sisters;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FGnS-Xk0ZqU;License: Standard Youtube License