Microbiology: An Evolving Science (Fourth Edition)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780393615098
Author: John W. Foster, Joan L. Slonczewski
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
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Chapter 17, Problem 8RQ
Summary Introduction
To review:
The following:
1. The basis of “molecular clock� for measurement of microbial evolution and the fundamental properties required by a gene to function as a molecular clock.
2. The limitations of the molecular clock.
Introduction:
Information contained in the macromolecule such as protein or deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) can be used to measure the evolution of species. This information in the macromolecular sequence is called the molecular clock and it helps in determining the genetic differences in species by keeping a track on the genes that change over time.
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Microbiology: An Evolving Science (Fourth Edition)
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- Discuss the following statement: “mobile genetic elements are parasites. They are harmful to the host organism and therefore place it at an evolutionary disadvantage.”arrow_forwardThe Selfish Gene is a radical theory that argues that all living creatures are essentially vehicles for their genes- hence, we all are a “survival machine" for our genes. In the light of what you have learned about the molecular structure and function of the gene, is this perspective still relevant? Cite specific biological phenomena to prove your point. References:arrow_forwardDescribe the impact of lateral gene transfer on bacterial genome evolution.arrow_forward
- Let's say that you're a scientist trying to analyze newly sequenced bacterial DNA genomes from an environmental sample of rainforest soil, and your first task is to organize all of the genomes you find into a phylogenetic tree. If you couldn't use the 16S rRNA gene sequence to create the tree, which of these alternative genes would work best for your task of creating a tree that works for all the bacteria in your sample? The gene for Bacteriochlorophyll A A gene for an RNA polymerase component protein The first gene in the histidine biosynthesis pathway The first gene in the LPS synthesis pathwayarrow_forwardWhat is the endosymbiotic theory? Discuss two lines of evidence that support the theory.arrow_forwardThe GC content of Micrococcus is 66 - 75% and of Staphylococcus is 30-40 % moles, from this information would you conclude that these organisms are related? Include an explanation of why GC content is a viable method by which to identify the relatedness of organisms. – In your explanation of “why”, include information of why we are able to use genetic techniques to identify organisms or determine their relatedness, and specifically why GC content can help determine these. Keep answer between 2-3 sentencesarrow_forward
- The GC content of Micrococcus is 66 - 75% and of Staphylococcus is 30-40 % moles, from this information would you conclude that these organisms are related? Include an explanation of why GC content is a viable method by which to identify the relatedness of organisms. – In your explanation of “why”, include information of why we are able to use genetic techniques to identify organisms or determine their relatedness, and specifically why GC content can help determine these.arrow_forward5) Which mutation would NOT cause a change in an organism's phenotype? A) TAT becomes TGT B) TAT becomes TAC C) TAT becomes TAA D) Any change in the DNA sequence results in a change in an organism's phenotype Not Gradedarrow_forwardGenes of different species but possessing a clear sequence and functional relationship to each other area) Orthologb) Syntenyc) Paralogd) Microarrayarrow_forward
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genetic recombination strategies of bacteria CONJUGATION, TRANSDUCTION AND TRANSFORMATION; Author: Scientist Cindy;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_Va8FZJEl9A;License: Standard youtube license